Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nr4z6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-01T15:56:35.864Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Classification of the Subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Based on Final-instar Larval Characteristics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Thelma Finlayson
Affiliation:
Entomology Research Institute, Canada Department of Agriculture, Belleville, Ontario

Abstract

A revised classification of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) based on characteristics of final-instar larvae is suggested and discussed. On a basis of larval characters the subfamily falls into two tribes: the Pimplini; and the Ephialtini, which consists of the subtribes Ephialtina, Polysphinctina, Poemeniina, Rhyssina and Theroniina.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1967

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arthur, A. P. 1963. Life histories and immature stages of four ichneumonid parasites of the European pine shoot moth Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) in Ontario. Can. Ent. 95: 10781091.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aubert, J.-F. 1959. Les hôtes et les stades immatures des Ichneumonides Pimpla F., Apechthis Först, et Itoplectis Först. Bull. biol. 93: 235259.Google Scholar
Baumann, C. von. 1933. Zur Kenntnis der Metamorphose von Ephialtes manifestator L., Coleocentrus excitator Poda und Echthrus reluctator L. (Hym. Ichn.). Zool. Anz. 102: 143155.Google Scholar
Beirne, B. P. 1941. A consideration of the cephalic structures and spiracles of the final instar larvae of the Ichneumonidae (Hym.). Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent. 7: 123190.Google Scholar
Beirne, B. P. 1942a. Notes on some lepidopterous pests on fruit trees, and their parasites, in Ireland during 1941. Econ. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. 3: 107118.Google Scholar
Beirne, B. P. 1942b. The biology and natural control of the larch-shoot moth, Argyresthia laevigatella H.-S. Econ. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. 3: 130149.Google Scholar
Beirne, B. P. 1943. The biology and control of the small ermine moths (Hyponomeuta spp.) in Ireland. Econ. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. 3: 191220.Google Scholar
Cushman, R. A. 1913. The Calliephialtes parasite of the codling moth. J. agric. Res. 1: 211237.Google Scholar
Dowden, P. B. 1941. Parasites of the birch leaf-mining sawfly (Phyllotoma nemorata). Tech. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. 757.Google Scholar
Finlayson, T. 1960a. Taxonomy of cocoons and puparia, and their contents, of Canadian parasites of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Can. Ent. 92: 2047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlayson, T. 1960b. Taxonomy of cocoons and puparia, and their contents, of Canadian parasites of Diprion hercyniae (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Can. Ent. 92: 922941.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlayson, T. 1962. Taxonomy of cocoons and puparia, and their contents, of Canadian parasites of Diprion similis (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Can. Ent. 94: 271282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlayson, T.Taxonomy of final-instar larvae of parasites of Acrobasis spp. (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) in the Ottawa region. In preparation.Google Scholar
Gerig, L. 1960. Zur Morphologie der Larvenstadien einiger parasitischer Hymenopteren des Grauen Lärchenwicklers (Zeiraphera griseana Hübner). Z. angew. Ent. 46: 121177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Habeck, D., and Townes, H.. 1960. The Nearctic species of Poemenia Holmgren. In Ichneumon-flies of America north of Mexico, by Henry and Marjorie Townes and collaborators: Walley, G. S., Walkley, L., Habeck, D. and Townes, G., pp. 376387. Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 216, pt. 2.Google Scholar
Imms, A. D. 1918. Observations on Pimpla pomorum Ratz., a parasite of the apple blossom weevil (including a description of the male by Claude Morley, F.Z.S.). Ann. appl. Biol. 4: 211227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iwata, K. 1950. Biology of Ichneumon parasites on bag-worms in Japan, I. Trans. Kansai ent. Soc. 15: 3547.Google Scholar
Juillet, J. A. 1959. Morphology of immature stages, life-history, and behaviour of three hymenopterous parasites of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Can. Ent. 91: 709719.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laboulbène, A. 1858. Histoire d'un ichneumon parasite des araignées (Pimpla fairmairii). Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. sér. 3, 6: 797817.Google Scholar
Maneval, H. 1936. Nouvelles notes sur divers hyménoptères et leurs larves. Rev. franç. Ent. 3: 1832.Google Scholar
Meyer, N. 1922. On the morphology of the larvae of some parasites of the family Ichneumonidae. (In Russian.) Rep. Bur. appl. Ent., Leningr. 2: 2539.Google Scholar
Meyer, N. 1925. Zur Biologie und Morphologie von Pimpla examinator Fabr. (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Z. angew. Ent. 11: 203212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, K. R. S., Cameron, E. and Jepson, W. F.. 1937. The insect parasites of the spruce sawfly (Diprion polytomum, Htg.) in Europe. Bull. ent. Res. 28: 341393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moutia, L. A., and Courtois, C. M.. 1952. Parasites of the moth-borers of sugarcane in Mauritius. Bull. ent. Res. 43: 325359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, E. 1923. Contributions to the life history of the pimpline spider parasites (Polysphincta, Zaglyptus, Tromatobia) (Hym. Ichneum.). Ent. Meddr 14: 137205.Google Scholar
Nielsen, E. 1928. A supplementary note upon the life histories of the Polysphinctas (Hym. Ichneum). Ent. Meddr 16: 152155.Google Scholar
Nielsen, E. 1929. A second supplementary note upon the life histories of the Polysphinctas (Hym. Ichneum.). Ent. Meddr 16: 366368.Google Scholar
Nielsen, E. 1935. A third suppelmentary note upon the life histories of the Polysphinctas (Hym. Ichneum.). Ent. Meddr 19: 191215.Google Scholar
Nielsen, E. 1937. A fourth supplementary note upon the life histories of the Polysphinctas. (Hym. Ichneum.). Ent. Meddr 20: 2528.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, H. T. 1934. The biology and distribution in France of the larval parasites of Cydia pomonella L. Bull. ent. Res. 25: 201256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salt, G. 1931. Parasites of the wheat-stem sawfly, Cephus pygmaeus, Linnaeus, in England. Bull. ent. Res. 22: 479545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauer, H. F. G. 1939. Biologia de “Calliephialtes dimorphus Cushm.” (Hym. Ichn) um interessante parasita primario da “Platyedra gossypiella (Saunders)”. Arch. Inst. biol. (Def. agric. anim.), São Paulo 10: 165192.Google Scholar
Sědivý, J. 1961. Die naturlichen Feinde der Raupen des Johannisbeerglasfluglers (Aegeria tipuliformis Clerck). Zool. Listy, Praha 24: 345350.Google Scholar
Short, J. R. T. 1952. The morphology of the head of larval Hymenoptera with special reference to the head of Ichneumonoidea, including a classification of the final instar larvae of the Braconidae. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 103: 2784.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Short, J. R. T. 1959. A description and classification of the final instar larvae of the Ichneumonidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera). Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. 110, (3419): 391511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Short, J. R. T. 1960. The taxonomy of the Ichneumonoidea from the standpoint of larval characters. Proc. Xlth Int. Congr. Ent., Wien 1: 221224.Google Scholar
Silvestri, F. 1923a. Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti del nocciuolo. Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici 16: 221301.Google Scholar
Silvestri, F. 1923b. Contribuzioni alla conoscenza dei Tortricidi delle Querce. I. & II. Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici 17: 41107.Google Scholar
Silvestri, F. 1941. Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. VI. La falena brumale o la Brumale (Operophthera brumata L.). Boll. Lab. Ent. Agr. Portici 5: 61120.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R. E. 1935. Principles of insect morphology. McGraw-Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Speyer, W. 1926. Pimpla pomorum Ratz. (Ichneumon.), der Parasit des Apfelblütenstechers, Anthonomus pomorum L. (Coleopt.). Arb. biol. Abt. (Anst.-Reichsanst.), Berl. 14: 231257.Google Scholar
Stuart, A. M. 1957. Ephialtes brevicornis (Grav.) as an external parasite of the diamond-back moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curt.). Bull. ent. Res. 48: 477488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, G. H. 1958. On the final instar larva of Pseudorhyssa alpestris (Holmgren) (Hym., Ichneumonidae). Entomologist's mon. Mag. 94: 276.Google Scholar
Thorpe, W. H. 1930. Observations on the parasites of the pine-shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana, Schiff. Bull. ent. Res. 21: 387412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Townes, H., and Townes, M.. 1951. Superfamily Ichneumonoidea, Family Ichneumonidae. In Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalog, by Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V., Townes, H. K., and others, pp. 184409. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Monogr. 2.Google Scholar
Townes, H., and Townes, M.. 1960. Ichneumon-flies of America north of Mexico: 2. Sub-families Ephialtinae, Xoridinae, Acaenitinae. Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 216, pt. 2.Google Scholar
Townes, H., and Townes, M.. 1962. Ichneumon flies of America north of Mexico: 3. Sub-family Gelinae, Tribe Mesostenini. Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 216, pt. 3.Google Scholar
Townes, H., Townes, M. and Gupta, V. K.. 1961. A catalogue and reclassification of the Indo-Australian Ichneumonidae. American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan.Google Scholar
Victorov, G. A. 1956. On the peculiarities of some ectoparasitic ichneumonids and braconids (Hymenoptera). (In Russian.) Ent. Obozr. 35: 89100.Google Scholar
Walkley, L. M. 1958. Family Ichneumonidae. In Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalog, by Krombein, K. V. and others. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Monogr. 2, Suppl. 1.Google Scholar
Walkley, L. M. 1960. The genus Delomerista. In Ichneumon-flies of America north of Mexico, by Henry and Marjorie Townes and collaborators: Walley, G. S., Walkley, L., Habeck, D. and Townes, G., pp. 362373. Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 216, pt. 2.Google Scholar