中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (32): 5188-5194.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1496

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

胫骨远端骨折3种不同固定方式的有限元分析

贾军锋,唐承杰,乐劲涛,李  峰   

  1. 四川省骨科医院,四川省成都市  610040
  • 出版日期:2019-11-18 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 乐劲涛,主任医师,四川省骨科医院,四川省成都市 610040
  • 作者简介:贾军锋,1983年生,汉族,甘肃省人,2014年广州中医药大学毕业,硕士。

Finite element analysis of three different fixation methods for distal tibial fracture

Jia Junfeng, Tang Chengjie, Yue Jintao, Li Feng   

  1. Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610040, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2019-11-18 Published:2019-11-18
  • Contact: Yue Jintao, Chief physician, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610040, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Jia Junfeng, Master, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610040, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
微创钢板接骨术的优势:因微创钢板接骨术手术创伤小,能间接复位保护骨折端血运,术后伤口并发症较少,已成为钢板内固定治疗骨折的首选方法。
胫骨远端骨折外侧钢板与内侧钢板比较:只有在扭转力时,外侧钢板的稳定性较内侧钢板系统较好,但在垂直的轴向力及侧向力时,胫骨远端内侧钢板的优越性明显优于外侧钢板固定。
 
摘要
背景:目前临床上对于胫骨远端髓内钉及锁定钢板的生物力学性能研究相对较少。
目的:采用三维有限元分析胫骨远端骨折3种固定方案在不同受力下内固定及骨头的受力情况。
方法:使用数字化技术构建胫骨远端内外侧锁定钢板及胫骨远端髓内钉模型,根据内固定原则设置模型组合,胫骨内侧钢板固定模型为模型1,胫骨外侧钢板固定模型为模型2,髓内钉固定模型为模型3,分别给予3个模型轴向力侧向力及扭转力的加载方式,模拟人体在不同受力情况下内固定及胫骨骨折模型的受力及位移情况。
结果与结论:胫骨远端骨折不同的固定方式在给予不同方向的受力时,每个内固定的特性不一。①在给予轴向力时胫骨远端内侧钢板及骨折模型受力均匀,并且移位最小,稳定性最佳;而胫骨远端外侧钢板及胫骨髓内钉的稳定性无明显差异,但胫骨远端外侧内固定承担较多的力量;②给予侧向力时三者的内固定承担相似的力量,但胫骨髓内钉的骨折模型需承担较多的力量;但是胫骨远端外侧钢板的位移最大,稳定性差;③给予三者模型扭转力时,胫骨远端骨折内侧钢板的较其他内固定方式承担最大的力量,其胫骨远端外侧钢板固定承担最小的扭转力,而髓内钉固定方式中,胫骨本身分担较多的力量,并且位移最大,其稳定性最差;④结果证实,胫骨远端骨折内侧钢板固定较远端外侧钢板及髓内钉固定分散应力,内固定及胫骨受力较均匀,稳定性更好。该试验方案已经四川省骨科医院伦理委员会讨论批准。


ORCID: 0000-0001-6229-3820(贾军锋)

关键词: 胫骨远端骨折, 三维重建, 有限元分析, 模型, 胫骨内侧锁定钢板, 胫骨外侧锁定钢板, 胫骨髓内钉, 轴向力, 侧向力, 扭转力

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The biomechanical properties of distal tibial intramedullary nails and locking plates are relatively rare.
OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to analyze internal fixation and bone under different stresses with three different fixation schemes. 
METHODS: The digital technique was used to construct the distal tibial medial and lateral locking plate and and torsion force to simulate the force and displacement of the internal fixation and tibial fracture model under different stress conditions.
distal tibial nail model. The model combination was set according to the principle of internal fixation. The model of the medial plate fixation was model 1. The model of the lateral plate of the tibia was model 2. The fixed model of intramedullary nail was model 3. The three models received the loading mode of axial lateral force.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Different fixation methods of distal tibial fractures had different characteristics of internal fixation when giving different directions of force. (1) When the axial force was given, the medial plate and fracture model of the distal tibia were uniformly stressed and the displacement was minimal. The stability was the best. There was no significant difference in the stability of the lateral tibial plate and the tibial bone marrow nail, but the lateral fixation of the distal tibia took more force. (2) When the internal fixation of the three forces bore similar strength, the fracture model of the intramedullary nail had to bear more strength; but the outer plate of the distal tibia had the largest displacement and poor stability. (3) When the model was torsion, the medial plate of the distal tibial fracture bore the greatest strength compared with other internal fixation methods. The distal plate fixation at the distal end of the humerus bore the minimum torsional force. In the intramedullary nail fixation method, the tibia itself shared more force. The displacement was largest, and its stability was worst. (4) It is concluded that the medial plate fixation of the distal tibial fracture is more stable than the distal lateral plate and intramedullary nail. The internal fixation and the tibia are more uniform and the stability is better. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital.

Key words: distal tibial fracture, three-dimensional reconstruction, finite element analysis, model, medial locking plate of the tibia, lateral locking plate of the tibia, intramedullary nail, axial force, lateral force, twisting force

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