Research article

Mobile banking during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A novel mechanism to change and accelerate people's financial access

  • Received: 03 May 2021 Accepted: 14 July 2021 Published: 19 July 2021
  • JEL Codes: D91, G20, G24, G29

  • Limited access to financial services is considered as a vital bottleneck for curbing poverty in Bangladesh. Digital technology such as mobile banking can contribute to accelerate people's access to finance but did not receive proper attention before COVID-19. This study intends to explore the use of mobile banking services to accelerate people's financial access in Bangladesh due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic by using secondary data. Mainly documentation techniques and descriptive statistical methods are used to collect and analyze the data. The study reveals that the number of registered mobile banking customers has escalated during the COVID-19 era. Mainly government policies regarding different mobile banking transactions such as cash in, cash out, person to person (P2P) transaction, salary and utility bill payments etc., have significantly contributed to rise the people's digital financial access during this pandemic. People's changing habit towards digital transactions has also contributed to increasing their financial access. The government should provide a convenient financial access platform to create a cashless society in the country.

    Citation: Most Nilufa Khatun, Sandip Mitra, Md Nazirul Islam Sarker. Mobile banking during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A novel mechanism to change and accelerate people's financial access[J]. Green Finance, 2021, 3(3): 253-267. doi: 10.3934/GF.2021013

    Related Papers:

  • Limited access to financial services is considered as a vital bottleneck for curbing poverty in Bangladesh. Digital technology such as mobile banking can contribute to accelerate people's access to finance but did not receive proper attention before COVID-19. This study intends to explore the use of mobile banking services to accelerate people's financial access in Bangladesh due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic by using secondary data. Mainly documentation techniques and descriptive statistical methods are used to collect and analyze the data. The study reveals that the number of registered mobile banking customers has escalated during the COVID-19 era. Mainly government policies regarding different mobile banking transactions such as cash in, cash out, person to person (P2P) transaction, salary and utility bill payments etc., have significantly contributed to rise the people's digital financial access during this pandemic. People's changing habit towards digital transactions has also contributed to increasing their financial access. The government should provide a convenient financial access platform to create a cashless society in the country.



    加载中


    [1] Aker JC (2011) Dial "A" for agriculture: a review of information and communication technologies for agricultural extension in developing countries. Agric Econ 42: 613–647.
    [2] Akhtaruzzaman M (2019) Survey on impact analysis of access to finance in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Bank.
    [3] Alam GMM, Khatun MN (2021) Impact of COVID-19 on vegetables supply chain and food security: Empirical evidence from Bangladesh. PLoS One 16: e0248120.
    [4] Alam GMM, Alam K, Shahbaz M, et al. (2018) Influence of socio-demographic factors on mobile phone adoption in rural Bangladesh: Policy implications. Inf Dev 35: 739–748. doi: 10.1177/0266666918792040
    [5] Al-Somali SA, Gholami R, Clegg B (2009) An investigation into the acceptance of online banking in Saudi Arabia. Technovation 29: 130–141. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2008.07.004
    [6] Anysiadou M, Hondroyiannis G, Saiti A (2021) Dimensions of Mobile-banking in Greece During Covid-19. Economics 10: 8–20.
    [7] Azad MAK (2016) Predicting mobile banking adoption in Bangladesh: a neural network approach. Transnatl Corp Rev 8: 207–214.
    [8] Bangla Tribune Report (2020) Coronavirus: BB orders cutting down cash transactions. Available from: https://en.banglatribune.com/business/news/91049/.
    [9] Bangladesh Bank (BB) (2017) A study on Mobile Financial Services for MSEs in Bangladesh: Prospects and Challenges. Available from: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5a84894df14aa1f379d18290/t/5aa3f91371c10b34ddbdd701/1520695608351/.
    [10] Bangladesh Bank (BB) (2020) Financial System: Banks and FIs. Available from: https://www.bb.org.bd/fnansys/bankfi.php.
    [11] Bangladesh Bank (BB) (2020–2021) Payment Systems: Transaction trend of Mobile Financial Services. Available from: https://www.bb.org.bd/fnansys/paymentsys/mfsdata.php.
    [12] Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) (2020) Media Statement.
    [13] Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) (2012–2021) Number of mobile phone subscribers, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
    [14] Bangldesh Bank (BB) (2020) Gazette on scaling down the cash transaction during COVID-19 pandemic situation, 22 March, 2020.
    [15] Batten A, Doung P, Enkhbold E, et al. (2015) The financial systems of financially less developed Asian economies: Key features and reform priorities, ADB Economics Working Paper, Series No. 450.
    [16] Bhattacherjee A (2012) Interpretive Research, Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices, Textbooks Collection, 3 (USF tampa library open access collections), 103–112.
    [17] Changchit C, Chuchuen C (2016) Cloud computing: An examination of factors impacting users adoption. J Comput Inform Syst 58: 1–9.
    [18] Changchit C, Lonkani R, Sampet J (2017) Mobile banking: Exploring determinants of its adoption. Jorg Comp Elec Com 27: 239–261.
    [19] Chauke PK, Motlhatlhana ML, Pfumayaramba TK, et al. (2013) Factors influencing access to credit: A case study of smallholder farmers in the Capricorn district of South Africa. Afr J Agr Res 8: 582–585.
    [20] Dineshwar R, Steven M (2013) An investigation on mobile banking adoption and usage: A case study of Mauritius. Proceedings of the 3rd Asia-Pacific Business Research Conference.
    [21] Financial Stability Report (2012–2020) Bangladesh Bank. Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    [22] Gomes V (2020) Mobile Financial Services soaring in a pandemic-stricken Bangladesh, The Daily Star. Available from: https://www.thedailystar.net/toggle/news/mobile-financial-services-soaring-pandemic-stricken-bangladesh-1900507.
    [23] Hoehle H, Scornavacca E, Huff S (2012) Three decades of research on consumer adoption and utilization of electronic banking channels: a literature analysis. Decis Support Syst 54: 122–132. doi: 10.1016/j.dss.2012.04.010
    [24] Holy IJ (2020) Mobile Financial Services: Acceleration in Digital Transactions Amidst COVID-19, Lightcastle Analytics Wing. Available from: https://www.lightcastlebd.com/insights/2020/06/17/mobile-financial-services-acceleration-in-digital-transactions-amidst-covid-19.
    [25] Imam SH (2020) 1.92m MFS accounts created in RMG sector to avail mobile banking, The financial Express, e-paper. Available from: https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/trade/192m-mfs-accounts-created-in-rmg-sector-to-avail-mobile-banking-1587223158.
    [26] Islam S (2014) Systematic literature review: Security challenges of mobile banking and payments system. Int J U- E- Ser Sci Technol 7: 107–116.
    [27] Kaur P, Dhir A, Bodhi R, et al. (2020) Why do people use and recommend m-wallets? J Retail Consum Serv 56: 102091.
    [28] Kaur P, Dhir A, Singh N, et al. (2020) An innovation resistance theory perspective on mobile payment solutions. J Retail Consum Serv 55: 102059.
    [29] Khan S (2020) Bringing unbanked poor under financial services, The Financial Express, e-paper. Available from: https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/views/bringing-unbanked-poor-under-financial-services-1579104999.
    [30] Khanra S, Dhir A, Kaur P, et al. (2021) Factors influencing the adoption postponement of mobile payment services in the hospitality sector during a pandemic. J Hosp Tour Manag 46: 26–39. doi: 10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.11.004
    [31] Khatun MN (2019) What are the drivers influencing smallholder farmers access to formal credit system? Empirical evidence from Bangladesh. Asian Dev Policy Rev 7: 162–170. doi: 10.18488/journal.107.2019.73.162.170
    [32] Khatun MN, Bashar MA (2010) Changes in rural credit structure over the years: An empirical study in Kushtia district of Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Political Econ 26: 335–348.
    [33] Khatun MN, Mian MRU, Khatun MA (2014) Credit utilization and repayment behaviour of the farmers: An empirical study from Kushtia district of Bangladesh. J Sylhet Agril Univ 1: 279–287.
    [34] Kikulwe EM, Fischer E, Qaim M (2014) Mobile Money, Smallholder Farmers, and Household Welfare in Kenya. PLoS One 9: e109804.
    [35] Koslow L, Jean LJ, Tsusaka M, et al. (2020) COVID-19 Consumer sentiment snapshot: Special feature-Asia-Pacific, Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Available from: https://www.bcg.com/publications/2020/covid19-consumer-sentiment-special-feature-asia-pacific.
    [36] Lin HF (2011) An empirical investigation of mobile banking adoption: The effect of innovation attributes and knowledge-based trust. Int J Inf Manage 31: 252–260. doi: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2010.07.006
    [37] Lowder S, Skoet J, Raney T (2016) The number, size, and distribution of farms, smallholder farms, and family farms worldwide. World Deve 87: 16–29. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.041
    [38] Marous J (2020) How COVID-19 has changed payments & banking behaviors forever, The Financial Brand. Available from: https://thefinancialbrand.com/96502/coronavirus-covid-19-changing-banking-payments-digital-behavior-trends/.
    [39] Mishuk TA (2020) Mobile banking services disrupted amid shutdown, clients suffer, The Business Standard, Published: April 13, 2020. Available from: https://tbsnews.net/economy/banking/mobile-banking-services-disrupted-amid-shutdown-clients-suffer-68563.
    [40] Ololade RA, Olagunju FI (2013) Determinants of access to credit among rural farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Global J Sci Front Res Agric Veterinary Sci 13: 16–22.
    [41] Pandey P (2019) Mobile banking: History and what it does. Available from: https://www.shapemyapp.com/blogs/mobile-banking-history-and-what-it-does.
    [42] Shaikh AA, Karjaluoto H, Chinje NB (2015) Consumers perceptions of mobile banking continuous usage in Finland and South Africa. Int J Electron Financ 8: 149–168. doi: 10.1504/IJEF.2015.070528
    [43] Sharma SK, Govindaluri SM (2014) Internet banking adoption in India: structural equation modeling approach. J Indian Bus Res 6: 155–169. doi: 10.1108/JIBR-02-2013-0013
    [44] Sharma SK, Govindaluri SM, Al Balushi SM (2015) Predicting determinants of Internet banking adoption: a two-staged regression-neural network approach. Manage Res Rev 38: 750–766. doi: 10.1108/MRR-06-2014-0139
    [45] Shih KH, Hung HF, Lin B (2010) Assessing user experiences and usage intentions of m-banking service. Int J Mobile Commun 8: 257–277. doi: 10.1504/IJMC.2010.032974
    [46] Sudarsono H, Nugrohowati RNI, Tumewang YK (2020) The Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Adoption of Internet Banking in Indonesia: Islamic Bank and Conventional Bank. J Asian Financ Econ Bus 7: 789–800. doi: 10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no11.789
    [47] Sultana B, Khan MMR (2016) Are mobile financial services promoting financial inclusion in Bangladesh? An assessment study, Research Department, Bangladesh Bank.
    [48] Sultana S (2019) Initiation and recent status of mobile banking in Bangladesh. Int J Sci Res (IJSR) 8: 666–673.
    [49] Talwar M, Talwar S, Kaur P, et al. (2020) Positive and negative word of mouth (WOM) are not necessarily opposites: A reappraisal using the dual factor theory. J Retail Consum Serv 62: 102396.
    [50] Talwar S, Dhir A, Khalil A, et al. (2020). Point of adoption and beyond. Initial trust and mobile-payment continuation intention. J Retail Consum Serv 55: 102086.
    [51] Tam C, Oliveira T (2017) Literature review of mobile banking and individual performance. Int J Bank Mark 35: 1042–1065. doi: 10.1108/IJBM-10-2017-0218
    [52] TBS report (2020) 50 lakh poor families to get BDT 2,500 cash assistance each, The Business Standard. Available from: https://tbsnews.net/coronavirus-chronicle/covid-19-bangladesh/50-lakh-poor-families-get-tk2500-cash-assistance-each.
    [53] TBS report (2020) Uninterrupted mobile services ensured mobile recharge during lockdown through bKash, The Business Standard, Published: May 03, 2020. Available from: https://tbsnews.net/companies/uninterrupted-mobile-services-ensured-mobile-recharge-during-lockdown-through-bkash-76690 (accessed 10 August 2020).
    [54] Zahidul M (2020) Payout of safety net funds through MFS to enhance transparency. Available from: https://www.thedailystar.net/business/news/payout-safety-net-funds-through-mfs-enhance-transparency-1903234.
    [55] World Health Organization (WHO) (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-78. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/situationreports/20200407-sitrep-78-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=bc43e1b_2/ (accessed 25 April 2020).
    [56] Worldometer (2021) Bangladesh Population. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/bangladesh-population/ (accessed 30 March 2021).
    [57] Zhao X, Xue L, Whinston AB (2013) Managing interdependent information security risks: Cyber insurance, managed security services, and risk pooling arrangements. J Manage Inform Syst 30: 123–152. doi: 10.2753/MIS0742-1222300104
    [58] Zhao Y, Bacao F (2021) How does the pandemic facilitate mobile payment? An investigation on users' perspective under the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18: 1–22.
  • Reader Comments
  • © 2021 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Metrics

Article views(12697) PDF downloads(979) Cited by(18)

Article outline

Figures and Tables

Figures(4)  /  Tables(1)

/

DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
Return
Return

Catalog