PECULIARITIES OF IMPLEMENTING GOVERNANCE IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL SECURITY

. Purpose – the primary purpose of the study is to identify the main threats to the process of ensuring social security and finding ways to establish a connection between economic and social security. Research methodology – the methodological basis is a system of complementary philosophical, general scientific and unique methods of cognition of socio-political phenomena, in particular systemic-structural, comparatively retrospective, institutional and structural-functional, diagnostics and forecasting, general methods of analysis and synthesis, etc. Findings – our results made it possible to establish which particular threats most affect the social security of the countries of Eastern Europe and the calculation results will help establish the country needs a connection between economic and social security. Research limitations – we did not take into account a significant number of indicators characterising the state of social security of the state. The threats we have highlighted are compassionate. of the state in order to determine whether it is necessary to state which government measures or not. Practical implications – сertain threats and models can be used by countries of Eastern Europe to form the necessary measures to counter them; Originality/Value – the study covers one of the least explored areas, namely social security, which has not been explored for a long time in the context of identifying threats. Social Security Model IDEF0 Formed. development of a system of social protection and its improvement; raising the level and quality of the level of unemployment, the compliance of the minimum wage with a living ensuring the necessary level of social and social of the population; determining the the as part of the the the in


Introduction
The social component of national security is gaining weight in one of the dominant and pressing issues of modern scientific research. Social security as an essential component of national security is one of the key elements of the entire national security system. It implements the interests of the state, society, family, as well as social groups.
It is here that the strength and harmony of social relations between the state and the population are checked. Because of this, social security means the optimal balance of interests of the state, the whole society and the population in the implementation of their social needs. It should be noted that the attitude of citizens to ongoing reforms, to state institutions, and finally to statehood and independence, depends on the effectiveness of the process of implementing state policy to ensure social security. The image of the country in the eyes of the European and world democratic public will also largely depend on the quality and dynamics of resolving these issues.

Background and related work
Social security is a universal scientific, political, legal, educational, legal, social, managerial, medical and psychological category. Which side does not consider it, it is vital -like water, air, heat, food, etc.
A person in danger loses health and satisfaction with life, needs protection from dangers, from violation of human rights and freedoms. Dangers in human life change his worldview, primary needs become a priority, and everything related to development is postponed for a certain period or not realised at all. A deformation of consciousness occurs, and circumstances arise when a person, through the non-elimination of social security conditions, faces a choice -to continue living in these conditions or to change these conditions, or to leave their homes, to move to safer and more favourable conditions for themselves and their families. It is useless to expect significant successes in human and social development from people who live in constant danger.
Today, more and more scientists are paying attention to the problems of ensuring social security. Recent problems in the social sphere of European countries require the search for new ways to form a social security system. Social security is a universal scientific, political, legal, educational, legal, social, managerial, medical and psychological category. On which side it is not to be considered, it is vitally important -like water, air, heat, food. A person in danger loses health and satisfaction with life, needs protection from dangers, from violation of human rights and freedoms. Dangers in a person's life change his worldview, primary needs become a priority, and everything related to development is postponed for a certain period or not realised at all. Events that have taken shape in the world require active research into the problems of ensuring social security.
The novelty of the study is the formation of a social security model IDEF0 and the formation of a model of the impact of threats on social security.

Literature review
Today, scientists interpret the concept of "social security" in different ways: as a state of guarantee of legal and institutional protection of the vital social interests of a person, society and the state from external and internal threats (Gnibidenko et al., 2006); one of the most important internal components of national security, characteristic the degree of social stability of society (Andrushchenko, 2002), the state of society, which ensures the normal reproduction of society as a demographic population, as a nation, as a people (Buddychuk & Ishchenko, 2010), etc. In particular, Palamarchuk (1999) in social security determines the prevention of conditions that led to an unacceptable decline in the standard of living of the main layers of the population and individual social groups, determines social degradation, as well as providing conditions for maintaining a social perspective for all segments of the population. Novikova (1997), who implemented a comprehensive study of social security, social security defines as the state of protection of the social interests of the individual and society from threats, they are affected by national security.
A significant number of researchers have studied social security issues (Hama, 2017;Dushi et al., 2017;Afonso, 2019;Ndiaye & McKay, 2019). The features of the social security system have a number of problems which can be seen in the scientific works of Rappeport (2019), Aarts (2019), Ekici (2019), Reichenstein (2019). Sillaste (2001) defines social security as a state of security of an individual, social group, community from threats of violation of their vital interests, social rights and freedoms. Some scientists, in particular Minaev (2009) define social security as the protection of the social sphere of society and the state from threats that could destroy or result in its degradation; as the protection of the interests of society from external and internal threats, covering the economic and social way of life of society, the public domain and property, public institutions and organisations, national customs and traditions, and the sphere of living. Libanova (2004), when revealing the essence of social security, are of the opinion that the state of security or the security of an individual is the result of the implementation of a social protection policy. They define social security as one of the components of national security, interpreting it as a state of protection against threats to social interests. Lemak (2016) believes that social security is the security of every person living in Ukraine. Moreover, any danger of society is automatically a national danger. Besides, according to the scientist, an equal sign between these concepts will eliminate the difference in their interpretation, such as that security is associated only with power decisions, and social security only with the social (civil, peaceful) position of citizens in the state.
According to Vlasyuk (2016), the social security of Ukraine is scientifically based calculations of the minimum consumer budget, adequate ideas about a decent person's lifestyle, the introduction of wages, which made the implementation of such a consumer budget. Therefore, as the scientist notes, social security requires the corresponding development of the non-market sector of the economy, first of all, a radical revision of the traditional attitude to health care and education, on which the future of Ukrainian society directly depends, gathering the nation's gene pool, improving the quality of the workforce, ensuring Ukrainian ability to perceive and implement the most significant achievements of modern civilisation. Kolenda (2013) examined social security and its main components, conducted by the author of the study, made it possible to understand the very essence of this process better and to study all the components in detail. Haaga and Johnson (2012) investigated the basic elements that most characterise the growth and development of social security in the country.
It should also be noted that studies of social security in the scientific literature (Purcell, 2016;Meyer, 2013;Rohardt, 2020;Onischenko, 2011) are constantly ongoing and more and more often you can find new scientific works of scientists.
The study of social security conducted by the authors was considered more theoretically, and there was little lack of practical application. As a result of the analysis of scientific sources, we came to the conclusion that it is necessary to carefully review modern approaches to social security, highlight the main threats and propose a new approach to ensure it.
We use the method that is associated with the formation of the IDEF0 model. It is widely used in the areas of business process management and control. For example, Godlevskyi, Orlovskyi and Kopp (2018) used this method to optimise business processes. When Sylkin, Kryshtanovych, Zachepa, Bilous and Krasko (2019) used IDEF0 simulations for crisis management of an enterprise. However, given the prevalence of the use of the IDEF0 method, its application is practically absent from the social security system.

Theoretical framework and hypothesis
Any social system is continuously faced with the problem of balance in achieving social goals and the resource capabilities of their provision. The social direction of development is constantly faced with economic constraints or, in the presence of economic resources, with the priority of their investments not in favour of social priorities. Social spending from the budget does not balance with economic opportunities. They can be either excessive through political leverage, or used for further economic priorities without taking social goals into account. Directions for achieving a safe state in the social and economic spheres do not correlate with each other, are not coordinated and are not regulated, which causes contradictions between the achievement of economic and social goals.
The social orientation of the economy and its importance is growing under the current conditions of the economic crisis, which negatively affects in the medium and long term economic activity and the growth of the welfare of the population. Foreign experience of the leading countries of the world indicates the advisability of increasing the role of the state, specifying its functions in the implementation of social policy and expanding the range of socialisation of the economy.
Social security in scientific literature is interpreted from three perspectives: -This is a state of social stability and the ability to withstand social threats; -This is the legal protection of human rights and freedoms, the vital social interests of the individual and society from internal and external threats; -this is the appropriate level of financial support for officially established social standards and guarantees that determine the quality of life of a person and society. So, social security is a universal scientific, political, legal, educational, legal, social, managerial, medical and psychological category. It is a combination of types of security, due to the structure of human life in its various fields. Social security reflects the state of protection of the social interests of individuals, social groups, society, as well as the state. Ensuring normal living conditions of society, the population, preventing the degradation of certain social groups, as well as the overall survival of the Ukrainian nation, depends on social security.
In current conditions, social tension in Ukraine is increasing, welfare and living standards of the population are declining. Negative trends in the social sphere and accumulated social problems pose threats to national security and the further development of society, which may become the reasons for the imbalance and stability. Therefore, it is relevant to study the state of ensuring social security to develop preventive measures and prevent threats that can destabilise the social and other spheres.
The primary purpose of state policy to ensure social security is the safe existence of society because it is the safety that is its main task.
Our main point of view on which we strive to identify threats to social security consists in their further introduction and counteraction to their negative impact in order to improve the state social policy for the countries of Eastern Europe.
The implementation of the state policy on ensuring social security obviously requires continuous updating of such activities, which require the reproduction of: the resource base for ensuring social security; conditions of constructive security, which cover the necessary organisational, managerial, legal, ideological aspects; strengthening the relationship between all participants in its support (Figure 1).  State social policy should be aimed at realising the following interests of the country's population: -maintaining employment with an average unemployment rate of not more than 5-6%; -providing opportunities for all non-disabled people to earn money for completing their needs; -a clear definition of the circle of people who need to provide state social guarantees and distinctions in connection with this social insurance and social assistance will help reduce consumer sentiment in society; -development and implementation of social programs that cover certain k-categories of the population; -introduction of a new mechanism for financing the social sphere. H1: The standard of living of the population is one of the most critical indicators for ensuring social security. Social security is closely linked to economic and national security and is very sensitive to changing functioning environments.

Methodology
The methodological basis of the study is a system of complementary philosophical, general scientific and special methods of cognition of socio-political phenomena, in particular system-structural, comparatively retrospective, institutional and structural-functional, dozens of diagnostics and forecasting, general methods of analysis and synthesis, etc. of the components of the systematic methodology of analysis of state policy on social security is a synergistic approach, the application of which allows examining the national security as a dynamic process capable of self-organisation and improvement.
The following methods were used to identify and justify ways to improve social security: induction and deduction, comparison and systematisation -when studying the essential characteristics of the state of social security in individual countries of Eastern Europe; synthesis and analysis -the rationale for the formation of a model of social security; morphological analysis -to complement the structural elements of social security; Mathematicalfor modelling using IDEF0; graphic -for visualisation of theoretical and methodological material; abstract-logical -for theoretical generalisations and conclusions of the study. In most cases, the methodology used by us is qualitative.
Of particular importance for the diagnosis of social security is the subjective assessment of citizens. It provides an opportunity to see and feel the whole range of problems that most concern a person, which cause her unfavourable sensations, traumatise her and do not provide conditions for a healthy existence and grounds for development. Statistical estimates of social status are also critical. They allow you to analyse in dynamics, make comparisons, track trends and see the place of the object of analysis in the national and international observation system. The best option for assessing social phenomena is the use of sociological and statistical information. Nevertheless, the unsystematic conduct of sociological surveys of the country's population limits the possibilities for their simultaneous use. In this regard, of particular importance are the qualitative methods of sociological research, among which the method of expert assessments occupies a special place.
To build the IDEF0 model of social security for Eastern European countries, we use methods to form the highest A-0 chart. Using the methods of the node tree, we form blocks of the functional model ( Figure 2).
The entire system we simulate is denoted by block A-0. Following this, all inputs, outputs, controls and mechanisms will be connected to the block by green arrows and codes of Figure 3.  In Figure 3 there are several mathematical notations that cover the main task -to ensure social security. So, the input is In (n = 1, 2), the control is Cn (n = 1, 2, 3), the output is On (n = 1, 2), the mechanism is Mn (n = 1, 2, 3 ). In the next stage, the data presented in Figure  3 will be used to form the IDEF0 model.

Results and discussions
Social policy needs serious modernisation, primarily in its functional manifestations, which should be more clearly aimed at bringing social development in selected countries of Eastern Europe (for example, Ukraine) with high European standards in the context of the apparent need to strengthen the use of budgetary instruments, in particular with to prevent dispersal of state funding and its concentration on the implementation of the most important social programs.
Today, social financing is different in different countries of the world. For example, the financing of the social security system in Germany is carried out from the contributions of insured employees and employers, from the state budget, as well as through a combination of both types of financing. The guarantor of the fulfillment of social obligations is the state, redistributing part of the funds to cover expenses in the form of state subsidies.
The main source of financing the social security system in France is insurance premiums for workers and employers. The exception is unemployment insurance and family benefits, the share of state subsidies in which is significantly higher than in other sectors of social security, as well as accident insurance, which is funded exclusively from the employer's funds.
Negative trends in the economy and accumulated social problems pose significant threats to the national security of the state and the further development of society. Taking into account the current state of the country's development requires an assessment of its social security in order to determine measures to prevent and eliminate them.
We have involved experts and specialists on the issue of ensuring social security in order to determine which particular threats constitute the greatest influence on the social security of European countries in the current development environment (Figure 4).
We have recruited experts from the Republic of Poland, Ukraine, Bulgaria and the Czech Republic.
The state of social security as one of the components of national security is exceptionally relevant precisely at this stage. Objective diagnosis of the social condition of Ukrainian society indicates that the main social risks -poverty, property differentiation of the population, the exclusion of a significant number of citizens from public life, the narrowing of their access to education, medicine and culture -have reached scales that can pose a real threat to the national security of the state. In our opinion, there are two ways to counteract the threats presented in Figure 4: adaptation of the social security system to their negative impact and direct counteraction. Not all threats and risks are possible to control and carry out specific actions against them; sometimes, it is merely necessary to adapt to new changes. However, as far as social security is concerned, it is all the more possible to counteract. For example, when the level of poverty and the outflow of qualified specialists, public administration can fight and take measures that will help improve this situation.
Both internal and external threats to social security do not arise without good reason. Experts were asked to determine the causes of internal threats to the social security of European countries based on the eighteen alternative answers presented for assessment with the right to supplement with other reasons.
Among the causes of threats to social security In the opinion of 66.4% of respondents, the indifference of the authorities to the social needs of the population and the lack of balanced interests between the government and society turned out to be significant.
Such an assessment of experts, put in the first place the reason for the imperfection of public relations due to the indifference of the authorities to the social needs of the population, as well as the lack of balance of interests between the government and society, was unexpected and extremely important. Indeed, the comprehensive statistical analysis could not establish the root cause of the emergence of threats and social and national security, which has a qualitative characteristic of the interaction between the government and society. The dangers and threats themselves that were assessed by the respondents are already a consequence of the imperfection of governance in the system of public relations, where civil society remains an object, and not an equal subject of social relations if its interests are not presented and defended. This abyss interferes with the country's successful development beyond the significance of threats to social security.

INDICATOR TYPE OF ECONOMIC SECURITY RISKS AND RISKS IN THE SOCIAL SPHERE
The ratio of the minimum pension to the subsistence minimum The ratio of the average salary to the cost of living  Social security is characterised by indicators of the quality of life of the population, its material wellbeing, living conditions, the state of the social environment, level of education, health, environmental situation, demographic situation, and the like.
The indicators used to assess the level and quality of life at the international level can be divided into quantitative and qualitative: quantitative include GNP or national income per capita, income level and its distribution in society, level of consumption of various material goods and services by classes of goods, employment rate, etc. Qualitative indicators of quality of life include indicators of working conditions, life and leisure of a person and the like.
The Economist Intelligence Unit (The Economist Group) methodology calculates a corresponding Quality of Life Index for 111 countries based on a regression model, based predominantly (80%) on the results of sociological surveys. Along with the subjective quality of life assessments obtained from surveys of respondents of different ages, who ranked satisfaction with different areas of quality of life on a 5-point scale, this methodology takes into account individual objective determinants. Most attention has been paid to GDP per capita purchasing power parities (Table 1).
Obviously, social security is closely related to the performance of state institutions and the quality of life of the population. proved using econometric methods, the growth of corruption, shadowing, the excessive influence of political cycles increase the level of social tension (therefore, the indicators of social security decrease), reduce the incomes of the population (or, rather, redistribute them in favor of a small part of society) and inhibit socio-economic development the state as a whole, reducing the quality of life in the country. The latter is confirmed by the results of a study using non-linear programming tools (sinusoidal model, Curxpt 5.0 statistical package) of the relationship between the level of social security and the quality of life index (1) ( Figure 5).
where Y is the quality of life index; x -the level of social security. Taking into account the projected data, if the level of social security drops to 48%, the quality of life index will decrease from 5,032 in 2015 to 4,154 -in 2018, which corresponds to the indicators of the Third World countries ( Figure 6).
For example, for the country of Eastern Europe selected in the study, according to the analysis, state social policy should be aimed at realising the following interests of the country's population: -maintaining employment with an average unemployment rate of not more than 5-6%; -providing opportunities for all able-bodied people to earn money to meet their needs; -a clear definition of the circle of people who need to provide state social guarantees and distinctions in connection with this social insurance and social assistance will help reduce consumer sentiment in society; -development and implementation of social programs that cover specific categories of the population; -introduction of a new mechanism for financing the social sphere. The final stage is the construction of the IDEF0 model for ensuring social security for the countries of Eastern Europe according to the established data Figure 2 and Figure 3. The model itself is shown in Figure 7. Our proposed social security model IDEF0 provides only rental costs and the maintenance of an appropriate specialist who specialises in mathematical modelling.
We offered free of charge a separate state institution to the countries of Eastern Europe in order to put our approach into practice, and we established an increase in the effectiveness of the social security management system after its implementation (Figure 8).
State policy to ensure social security is one way or another included in all spheres of ensuring national security of the state. It provides: promoting the social independence of the  state; development of a system of social protection and its improvement; raising the level and quality of life, the level of unemployment, the compliance of the minimum wage with a living wage; ensuring the necessary level of social security and social insurance of the population; determining the fate of the unemployed as part of the working population; improving the situation of the population below the poverty line; increase in his living wage.

Conclusions
The study presents the main features of public administration in the context of ensuring social security. Thus, in ensuring the conditions of the necessary level of ensuring social security, the decisive role today belongs to the state, whose policy should be aimed at implementing a package of priority reforms aimed at improving the welfare of the population, stimulating its activity and desire for social progress, improvement of living conditions; reforming social infrastructure, the sphere of social protection of the population. In general, it should be noted that the control over the Social Security processes has not yet been completely lost, and the main levers of influence remain in the hands of the legislative and executive authorities; therefore, the total influence on the development of society in the country is decisive.

Implications
The consequences of our study were to establish the importance of creating a social security system. Theoretical analysis has allowed forming a structure of components and factors of social security. Having secured the support of leading experts in the field of social policy and security, we identified precisely which threats and risks significantly affect the social security system. As a result of applying the IDEF0 model, we have formed social security decompositions. A connection was established between the levels of social security and the standard of living, economic security and the level of the Tinnin economy.

Limitations
The study is not without limitations. Basically, we did not take into account a significant number of indicators characterising the state of social security of the state. The threats we have highlighted are compassionate. In the future, it is necessary to pay considerable attention to the process of assessing the level of social security of the state in order to determine whether it is necessary to state which government measures or not.

Future work
The study of social security and its improvement is a complicated and lengthy process that requires a large number of activities. We have taken several steps to achieve a common goal.
In the future, it is necessary to pay considerable attention to the study of social security in individual regions and institutions.

Disclosure statement
Authors declare that they have no competing financial, professional, or personal interests from other parties.