Tourism industry development issues in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation 

. The article summarizes the existing approaches to assessing the level of tourism at the local level. It allowed forming a system of key indicators and indicators of the tourism industry activity in the development of the hotel business; the development of tourism business; profitability of tourism and hospitality; the popularity of regional tourism products. Based on the formed system of indicators, the author's tech-nique of a point estimation of development activity for the tourist branch was developed. As a result of testing of the proposed methodology in the Russian Arctic, we could reveal that the weaknesses of the Arctic territories was the low popularity of the local tourist products and low growth yield of the tourism industry, especially among the areas wholly included in the Russian Arctic. The conclusions are consistent with the results of an expert survey of participants of the tourism and recreational cluster of the Murmansk Oblast. A set of measures aimed at the development of the tourism industry of the Murmansk Oblast is proposed: the recognition of tourism as a subsidized industry at the level of the Oblast and its municipali-ties; consolidation in strategic and program documents of the territory on the formation of the local tourist brand, advertising, and information support of the local tourist product promotion on the internal and ex-ternal markets; a campaign on the promotion of a positive tourist image of the Murmansk Oblast in mass media.


Introduction
The problems of the tourism industry development in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) are mainly due to the specifics of these regions, namely: harsh natural conditions and vulnerable ecosystems, a low level of infrastructure development, the geographical remoteness of economic activity from significant markets, isolation, as well as the small size of local markets [1,Serova N.A.]. In such conditions, it is necessary to compensate for these shortcomings due to the more efficient management of these specific territories [ for its improvement. To solve this fundamental problem, we have studied the main issues of tourism development and the factors hindering its growth in the Arctic. The practical significance lies in the development of recommendations possible to be used to improve the tourism legislation of the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation.

Methodology for assessing the development activity of the tourism industry
Consideration of existing approaches to evaluate the level of development of the tourism sec- Kumar M., Prashar S., Jana R.K.; 15, Javid E., Katircioglu S.] made it possible to formulate a system of key indicators and indicators of activity in the development of the tourism industry at the regional level (Table 1). Table 1 Key indicators of tourism industry development activity

Indication Indicator
Hotel business development  The growth rate of collective accommodation facilities  The growth rate of places in collective accommodation facilities  The growth rate of people working in collective accommodation facilities Tourism business development  The growth rate of travel agencies  The growth rate of people working in travel agencies Profitability of the tourism and hospitality industry  The growth rate of collective accommodation services  The growth rate of tourist services provided to the population The popularity of regional tourism products  The rate of growth of nights in collective accommodation facilities  The growth rate of foreign citizens in collective accommodation facilities  The growth rate of citizens of the Russian Federation in collective accommodation facilities Based on the formed system of indicators, the authors developed a method for scoring the activity of tourism industry development, according to which the growth rate of the all-Russian indicator is assigned -1.00 points, and points for the studied regions are assigned according to the formula: √ √ -region ranking score "I"; -the average annual growth rate of the region "I"; -a yearly average growth of the all-Russian indicator; -the number of periods with growth factors; -chain growth rate.
Further, the score for a specific indicator was calculated as the arithmetic average of its indicators.

Assessing the development activity of the tourism industry
The assessment of the development activity of the tourism industry based on the formed system of indicators was carried out considering open data from a single interdepartmental informationstatistical system (SIISS) 1 .
The first indicator of the active tourism industry development is the "development of the hotel business." A comprehensive assessment requires the following indicators to be considered: the growth rate of the number of collective accommodation facilities in the region (Fig. 1), the growth rate of the number of places in collective accommodation facilities in the region (Fig. 2), the growth rate of the number of people working in collective accommodation facilities (Fig. 3).   should be noted that the growth rate for this indicator in Russia is significantly higher than the growth rate in the Arctic regions. In 2017, the growth rates for this indicator in regions entirely included in the Russian Arctic caught up with the growth rates of partially arctic regions. According to the activity of developing the indicator "hotel business development", the regions were divided in 3 groups (Table 2). The next indicator characterizing the active development of the tourism industry is the development of the tourism business. For a comprehensive assessment of this indicator, the following indicators were considered: the growth rate of travel agencies working in the region (Fig. 4), the growth rate of people working in travel agencies (Fig. 5). According to this indicator, stable growth is observed at the national level and in regions partially included in the Russian Arctic. However, the growth rate of the number of travel agencies in Russia is much lower than the growth rates in partially arctic regions. As for the entire Russian Arctic regions, the peak value there was reached in 2014, followed by a significant decline, and as of 2018, this value has not been reached. In general, the growth rate for this indicator for the entire Arctic regions corresponds to the all-Russian level.  (Table 3). It is worth noting that not a single region fell into the group of lagging development for this in- The next indicator characterizing the active development of the tourism industry is the "profitability of the tourism and hospitality industry". For a comprehensive assessment of this indicator, the following indicators were considered: the growth rate of the volume of services of collective accommodation facilities (Fig. 6) and the growth rate of the number of tourist services provided to the population (Fig. 7). According to this indicator, stable growth is observed only at the national level. As for the partially arctic regions, growth is observed only until 2014, after which this indicator stays at approximately the same level. It is also worth noting that, according to this indicator, entirely Arctic regions lag regions partially included in the Russian Arctic. In general, all-Russian growth rates significantly exceed the general Arctic level. According to this indicator, stable growth is observed both at the all-Russian level and in regions of the Russian Arctic. It is worth noting that the growth rate of the volume of tourism services provided to the population of the entirely Arctic regions significantly exceeds the growth rate in the regions partially part of the Russian Arctic. According to the activity of developing the indicator "profitability of the tourism and hospitality industry", the regions were divided into 3 groups (Table 4). The next indicator of the active tourism industry development is the "popularity of regional tourism products". Its comprehensive assessment requires the following indicators: the growth rate of the number of nights in collective accommodation facilities (Fig. 8), the growth rate of foreign citizens in collective accommodation facilities (Fig. 9), and the growth rate of Russian citizens in collective accommodation facilities (Fig. 10). According to this indicator, stable growth is observed at the national level, but in the regions of the Russian Arctic, the growth is insignificant. The national growth rate for this indicator is higher than the overall arctic level. It is worth noting the indicators of entirely Arctic regions are slightly higher than the indicators of partially arctic regions.  According to the development activity for the "popularity of regional tourism product" indicator, the regions were divided into 3 groups (Table 5). Table 5 Classification of regions according to the "popularity of regional tourism products" indicator Further, the scores of indicators of activity in the development of the tourism industry were summarized, and their arithmetic average was calculated. Following the assigned points, the regions were also divided in 3 groups (Table 6). A comparison of indicators for tourism industry development activity (Fig. 11) showed no regions of the Russian Arctic in the lagging development group in terms of tourism industry development activity; the weaknesses are the low growth rates of the regional tourism product popularity and low growth rates profitability of the tourism industry, esp. among entirely arctic regions of Russia.  (Table 7).  Most experts (13 out of 15) rated the level of tourism potential of the region as high or very high; one expert rated it as average. Only one expert rated the level of tourism potential as low, motivating his answer with the lack of tourists' interest in the regional tourism product.

An expert survey in the Arctic region -the Murmansk Oblast
When asked about the effectiveness of regional tourism policy, most experts (9 out of 15) answered that the policy is ineffective/rather ineffective. One of the experts motivated his answer by the lack of support of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in border territories issues.
As for the main factors hindering the development of tourism in the region, the most significant of them, according to experts, are: low awareness of the existing proposals in the field of tourism in the region; low level of tourist infrastructure in the region; high cost of tourist services in the region; lack of interest on the part of investors and management structures in the development of tourism in the region.

Conclusion
The result of testing the author's methodology in the Arctic regions revealed the weaknesses of the Russian Arctic regions: the low popularity of regional tourism products and low growth rates of the tourism industry, esp. among entirely Arctic regions, which is consistent with ]. Firstly, it is necessary to recognize tourism as a subsidized industry at the level of the region and its municipalities; secondly, it is necessary to secure provisions in the strategic and program documents of the region on the formation of a regional tourist brand, advertising and informational support for promoting a regional tourist product on domestic and foreign markets, and a campaign to promote a positive tourist image of the Murmansk Oblast in mass media.