Kenyan Government Involvement on BIM and its Effect on BIM Adoption amongst Building Contractors.
Abstract
Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been touted as a new outstanding technology and governments who have noticed this is getting involved. This study investigated the current level of the Kenyan Government’s involvement and how this has influenced adoption amongst building contractors. This study also compares global trends in the context to Kenya. This study identified roles like initiation and regulation that governments could undertake to encourage adoption. A random sampling of registered contractors with active construction sites within Nairobi County was used to identify respondents. Using a one-sample t-test with a universal mean of 2 representing weak government involvement, with t (61) = 2.39, α > 0.05, M = 2.05 and S = 1.53, the Kenyan government’s involvement in BIM and its performance on the roles was weak. There was no relationship between the government roles and BIM except for BIM Initiation which had a weak positive relationship. This study makes recommendations like the creation of a legal BIM mandate and the establishment of a BIM implementation body This is the first in-depth study in Kenya that critically looks at the government’s role on issues relating to BIM amongst Building contractors and gives precedence for subsequent comparative studies locally or regionally.
Downloads
References
Al-abri, A., Genc, I. H. and Naufal, G. (2018), The Impact of Government Spending on GDP in a Remitting Country, working paper number IZA DP No. 11676, The IZA Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, July 2018
Alhusban, M., Al bizri, S., Danso-Amoako, M. & Gaterell, M. (2017), Procurement Route and Building Information Modelling (BIM) Implementation Effect on Sustainable Higher Education Refurbishment Projects in M. Dastbaz, C. Gorse & A. Moncaster (Eds.), Building Information Modelling, Building Performance and Smart Construction (1st ed., pp. 105-112). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG.
Arayici, Y. (2015). Building Information Modelling. London, United Kingdom: Bookboon Publishers.
Awwad, K. A., Shibani, A. & Ghostin, M. (2021), Exploring the critical success factors influencing BIM level 2 implementation in the UK construction industry: the case of SMEs. International Journal of Construction Management, 39(1), 1 – 8.
Building and Construction Authority - Singapore. (2013). Singapore BIM Essential Guide for BIM Adoption in an Organization. Singapore, Singapore: BCA.
Cao, J. & Chen, C. (2018). Analysis of the Strategy of Government's BIM under the International Comparative Perspective. In Z.Y. Jiang (Ed), 3rd International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials, IFEESM 2017 (250 – 253). Shenzen, China: Atlantis Press
Chang, H. C. (2010). A New Perspective on Twitter Hashtag Use: Diffusion of Innovation Theory, Proceedings of the 73rd ASIS&T Annual Meeting, ASIST 2010 (1 – 4). Pittsburgh, USA: ASIS Publishers
Cheng, J. C.P. & Lu, Q. (2015), A Review of the Efforts and Roles of the Public Sector for BIM Adoption Worldwide. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 20 (2015), 442 - 478.
Eadie, R., Browne, M., Odeyinka, H., McKeown, C. & McNiff, S. (2015), A Survey of Current Status of and Perceived Changes Required for BIM Adoption in the UK. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 5(1), 4 - 21.
Enynon, J. (2016). Construction Manager's BIM Handbook. West Sussex, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
EUBIM Task Group. (2016). Handbook for the Introduction of Building Information Modelling by the European Public Sector. Brussels, Belgium: EUBIM Task Group.
European Construction Sector Observatory. (2019). Building Information Modelling in the EU Construction Sector. Brussels, Belgium
Fenn, J. & Linden, A. (2003). Understanding Gartner 's Hype Cycles.
Galić, M., Venkrbec, V., Chmelik, F., Feine, I., Pučko, Z. & Klanšek, U. (2017), Survey of Accomplishments in BIM Implementation in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Germany, and Slovenia. e-GFOS, 8 (15), 23 - 35.
Furneaux, C. & Kivvits, R. (2008). BIM - Implications for Government.
Gwaya, A. O. (2016). Development of a Project Management Evaluation Model for the Construction Industry in Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation). Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi., Kenya.
Ho, H. H. (2019). BIM Standards in Hong Kong: Development, Impact and Future, 7th Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering (ACE 2019) (519 – 527). Singapore, Singapore: TIIKM
James, A. J., Lesado, A., Chalya, G. & Malson, M. (2016), An Appraisal of the Benefits of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Architecture. Journal of Applied Sciences & Environmental Sustainability, 2 (5), 126 - 137.
Kalfa, S. M. (2018), Building Information Modeling (BIM) Systems and their Applications in Turkey. Journal of Construction Engineering, Management & Innovation, 1 (1), 55 - 66.
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. (2020). Economic Survey 2020.
Kenya Parliamentary Budget Office. (2020). Unpacking the Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure for 2020/2021 and the Medium Term.
Lajoie, E. W. & Bridges, L. (2014), Innovation Decisions: Using the Gartner Hype Cycle. Library Leadership & Management, 28 (4), 1 - 7.
Loyola, M. & López, F. (2018), An Evaluation of the Macro-scale Adoption of Building Information Modeling in Chile: 2013-2016. Journal of Construction, 17 (1), 158 - 171.
Maharika, I. F., Irsan, A., Al Athas, S. I., Susanto, A., Abma, V. & Yuriandala, Y. (2020), Building Information Modelling (BIM) Adoption Model for Architectural Education. Journal of Design and Built Environment, 20 (3), 22 - 42.
Manza, D. K. (2016). Influence of Building Information Modelling Adoption on Completion of Construction Projects: A Case of Nairobi County (Master's Thesis). University of Nairobi, Nairobi., Kenya.
McAuley, B., Behan, A., McCormack, P., Hamilton, A., Rebelo, E. & Lynch, S. (2020), Improving the sustainability of the built environment by upskilling SMEs in Building Information Modelling through the Horizon 2020 BIMcert Project. SDAR Journal, 10 (1), 49 - 55.
McAuley, B., Hore, A. & West, R. (2017). BICP Global BIM Study - Lessons for Ireland's BIM Programme.
Muñoz-Saavedra, L., Miró-Amarante, L., & Domínguez-Morales, M. (2020), Augmented and virtual reality evolution and future tendency. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 10 (1), 1 - 23.
Musa, S., Marshall-Ponting, A., Nifa, F. A. A. & Shahron, S. A. (2018). Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Malaysian Construction Industry: Benefits and Future Challenges. In F. A. A. Nifa, Chong K. L. & Azham H. (Eds), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Applied Science and Technology (ICAST’18) (1 – 10). Penang, Malaysia: AIP Publishing
National Building Specifications. (2017). National BIM Report 2017.
National Building Specifications. (2019). National BIM Report 2019.
National Council for Law Reporting. (2010). The Constitution of Kenya 2010.
National Institute of Building Sciences & buildingSMART alliance. (2012). National BIM Standard - United States ™ Version 2.
Pal, A. & Nassarudin, A. (2020). Integrated Project Delivery Adoption Framework for Construction Projects in India. In I. D. Tommelein & E. Daniel (Eds), Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC28) (337 – 348). Berkeley, USA: IGLC
Rogers, E. M. (1983). Diffusion of Innovations. New York, USA: The Free Press.
Sarkar, J. (1998), Technological Diffusion: Alternative Theories and Historical Evidence. Journal of Economic Surveys, 12 (2), 131 - 176.
Tahrani, S., Poirier, E. A., Aksenova, G. & Forgues, D. (2015). Structuring the Adoption and Implementation of BIM and Integrated Approaches to Project Delivery across the Canadian AECO Industry: Key Drivers from Abroad, 11th Construction Specialty Conference (1 – 11). Vancouver, Canada: CSCE
Tse, T. (2009). The Interoperability of Building Information Models and Document Models in the Hong Kong Construction Industry (Doctoral Dissertation). Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong., China.
Underwood, J. & Ayoade, O. (2015). Current Position and Associated Challenges of BIM Education in UK Higher Education.
World Economic Forum & The Boston Consulting Group. (2018). An Action Plan to Accelerate Building Information Modeling (BIM) Adoption.
Zainon, N., Rahim, F. A. & Salleh, H. (2011), The Information Technology Application Change Trend: Its Implications for the Construction Industry. Journal of Surveying, Construction and Property, 2 (2011), 6 - 20.
Zakaria, Z., Ali, N. M., Haron, A. T., Marshall-Ponting, A. & Zuhairi, A. H. (2013), Exploring the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the Malaysian construction industry: A qualitative approach. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2 (8), 384 - 395.
Zhu, J., Wu, P., Chen, M., Kim, M. J., Wang, X. & Fang, T. (2020), Automatically processing IFC clipping representation for BIM and GIS integration at the process level. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 10 (6), 1 - 19.
Copyright (c) 2021 Joel Odhiambo Oyuga, Abednego Gwaya, PhD, Mugwima Njuguna, PhD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
