Zakat Perdagangan bagi Muḥtakir Menurut Perspektif Mazhab Māliki
Trade Zakat for Muḥtakir According to the Perspective of the Māliki Mazhab
Keywords:
zakat, trade, muḥtakir, perspective, Māliki
Abstract
This study aims to find out and understand the opinion of the Imam Mālik school regarding trade zakat for muḥtakir. The type of research used is library research, namely research with the object of data review in the form of library texts, which is descriptive qualitative in nature, namely describing data obtained from various sources which are then analyzed to obtain conclusions, using a juridical approach. normative and philosophical. The results of the study are as follows: first, trade zakat is anything that is prepared to be traded which when it reaches the haul and nisab of trade zakat it is obligatory to issue zakat and ihtikar is the hoarding of merchandise so that its circulation in society becomes reduced and then when people need it later get it out at a higher price. Second, the opinion of the Imam Mālik school regarding the timing of issuing trade zakat for the muḥtakir, namely if he has sold his merchandise after one year or after several years, the muḥtakir is obligated to issue his zakat with the calculation for one year. Imam Mālik's opinion is based on kias mursal, namely a kias that is not based on a source of law that has been determined by the shari'a, but is based on the benefit that is in accordance with the shari'a.
References
Al-Qur’an dan Terjemah
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Fikihul Muamalat .t.d.
Hafidzuddin, Didin. Zakat Dalam Perekonomian Modern. Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2006.
Hanbal, Ahmad bin Muhammad bin. Musnad Lil Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Hanbal, Juz 12. Cet. I; Kairo: Darul Hadis, 1416 H – 1995 M
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Masykur. Berguru Adab Pada Imam Malik. Cet. I; Sukabumi: CV Jejak, 2018.
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Aamidi, Abu Hasan Sayed bin Abi Ali bin Muhammad bin Salem Thalabi. Al-Ihkamu fii Ushuli Ahkam, Jilid 1. Cet. II; Kairo: Alimul Kutub, 1407 H/1987 M.
Al-Dkr, Abdul Ghani. Al-Imam Malik bin Anas, Imam Daar Hijrah. Cet III; Damaskus: Daar Qalam, 1419 H/1998 M.
Al-Asqolaniy, Ibnu Hajar. Bulughul Maram. Lebanon: Daar al-Jaiyl, 1402 H/1982 M.
Al-A’zhami, Muhammad Musthafa. Mukaddimah Muwattha al-Imam Malik, Jilid 1. t.d.
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“Ali As-Sahbuny”, Kamus al-Qur’an: Quranic Explorer online. (20 Mei 2019)
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Al-Mundhary, Hafidz Abdul Azim. At-Targhi wa Tarhib. Riyadh: Maktabah al-Ma’arif, 1424 H/2004 M.
Al-Mau’usatu al-Fiqhiyah. Kuwait: Kementrian Awqaf dan Urusan Islam, 1440 H/1983 M.
Al-Nawawi, Muhyiddin Abu Zakariyah Yahya bin Syaraf. Syarhu an-Nawawi ala Muslim. Riyadh: Baitil Afakar ad-Dauliyah, t.th.
Al-Qurthubi, Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Rusyd. Bidayatul Mujtahid, Jilid 2. Kairo: Daar ibnu Jauzi, 1435H/2014M.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. Fikhu zakah, Jilid 1. Cet. XX; Beiruth: Yayasan ar-Risalah, 1412 H/1991 M.
Al-Rahibani, Musthafa al-Suyuthi. Mathalib Uli an-Nuha, Jilid 2. Cet. II; Al-Maktab al-Islamiy, 1415 H – 1994 M.
Alu Syaikh, Abdullah bin Muhammad Ishaq. Lababut Tafsir Min Ibni Katsir, terj. Abdul Ghoffar, Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Cet. X: Jakarta; Pustaka Imam Syafi’i, 1438 H – 2017 M.
Asnaini. Zakat Produktif dalam Prespektif Hukum Islam. Cet. Ke-III; Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2008.
Al-Suyuti, Jalaluddin. Al-Durrl Mantsur fii Tafsir biil Mantsur, Jilid 10.Cet. I; Kairo: t.p., 1424 H/2003 M.
Al-Tabari, Abu Ja’far Muhammad. Tafsir at-Tabari, Juz 5. Cet. II; Mesir: Maktabah Ibnu Taimiyah, t.th.
Al-Tirmidzi, Abi Isa Muhammad bin Isa. Al-Jami’ul Kabir, Jilid 2 (Cet. I; Bairuth: Daarul Gharbil Islamiy, 1996 M.
Al-Suwaidan, Thariq. Silsilah al-Aimmah al-Mushawwarah, terj. Umar Mujtahid, Biografi Empat Imam Mazhab. Solo: Zamzam, 2016.
Al-Syaukani, Muhammad bin Ali bin Muhammad. Nailul Authar, Jilid 5. Mesir: Daar al-Hadis, t.th.
Asy-Syinawi, Abdul Aziz. Al-Aimmah al-Arba’ah, terj. Arif Mahmudi, Biografi Imam Malik. Cet. II; Solo: Aqwam, 2017.
Lz-Zaidan, Abdul Karim. Az-Zakah wa Ahkamiha fiil Islam. t.d.
Al-Zuhaily, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh Al-Islam wa Adillatuhu, Jilid 3. Cet. XXXIII; Damaskus: Daar al-Fikr, 1433H/2012M.
Azwar, Saifuddin. Metode Penelitian. Cet. Ke-III; Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar 2001.
Bahammam, Abdullah. Fiqih Ibadah Bergambar. Jakarta: Mutiara Publising, 2014.
Dhaif, Syauqi. Al-Mu’jam Al-Wasith. Cet.IV; Mesir: Maktabah Syurouq ad-Dauliyyah, 1425 H/2004 M.
Fauzi, Haris. “Mengenal Kitab al-Muwatta Karya Imam Malik”, https://medium.com (16 Juni 2019)
“Fii Ahkamil Iḥtikar”. Situs Resmi al-Alukah asy-Syari’ah, http://www.alukah.net (14 Juni 2019)
Fikihul Muamalat .t.d.
Hafidzuddin, Didin. Zakat Dalam Perekonomian Modern. Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2006.
Hanbal, Ahmad bin Muhammad bin. Musnad Lil Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Hanbal, Juz 12. Cet. I; Kairo: Darul Hadis, 1416 H – 1995 M
Idris. Hadis dan Orientalasi. Depok: Kencana, 2017 https://kbbi.web.id/iḥtikar. (22 Mei 2019)
Ibnu Majah, Sunan Ibnu Majah, Jilid 1. t.cet.; Kairo: Daar Ihyai Kutubul ‘Arab, t.th.
Imam Abi Hamid al-Ghazali, Ihya’u Ulumu diin. Cet. I; Beiruth: Daar Ibnu Hazm, 1426 H/2005 M.
Madani, Bacaan. “Biografi Imam Malik bin Anas dan Karya Imam Malik bin Anas”. https://www.bacaanmadani.com. 2 Mei 2019.
Masykur. Berguru Adab Pada Imam Malik. Cet. I; Sukabumi: CV Jejak, 2018.
Mu’is, Fahrur. Zakat A-Z. Cet.1; Solo:Tinta Medina, 2011.
Munawwir, Ahmad Warson. Al-Munawwir. Cet. XIV; Surabaya: Penerbit Pustaka Progressif, 1997.
Mustofa, Imam. Fiqh Mu’amalah Kontemporer. Cet. 1; Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2016.
Muwaqifah. “Analisis Pendapat Imam Malik Tentang Waktu Pengeluaran Zakat Perdagangan Bagi Muhtakir”. Skripsi .Semarang: Fak. Syari’ah Institut Agama Islam Negri Walisongo, 2012.
Nawawi, Hadari. Penelitian Terapan. Cet. II; Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press, 1996.
Pas Pago, Asy’ari Hasan. “Monopoli dan Ihtikaar dalam hukum ekonomi Islam,” http://asyarihasanpas.blogspot.com/2009/02/monopoli-dan-iḥtikar-dalam-hukum.html. 26 Desember 2018.
“Pengusaha Muslim”, Yogyakarta, 13 Mei 2019.
Quddamah, Abi Muhammad Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin. Al-Mughni, Jilid 6. Cet. 2; Kairo: Hajar, 1412 H/1992 M.
Rajab, Yahya bin Sharaf al-Nawawi Muhi al-Din Abu Zakaria ibn. Al-Arba’in an-Nawawi. t.t.: Pepustakaan Ekonomi Makkah, t.th.
Royani, Juhana Nasruddin dan Dewi. Kaidah-kaidah Ilmu hadis Praktis. Yogyakarta: CV Budi utama, 2017.
Salim, Abu Malik Kamal bin Sayyid. Sahih Fikh as-Sunnah wa Adillatuhu, Juz 2. Mesir: Maktabah at-Taufiqiyyah, 2003.
Sarwat, Ahmad. Ensklopedi Fikih Indonesia 7: Muamalat. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2018.
Sudarto. Ilmu Fikih. Cet. I; Yogyakarta: CV Budi Utama, 2018.
Sabiq, Sayyid. Fikhus Sunnah, Jilid 3 (t.cet.; Kairo: Al-Fathu lil I’lamil Arabi, t.th.
Syahid, Muallimin Muhammad. Tarjihat Imam asy-Syaukani .t.d.
Uqaily, Ali Mahmud. Kaifa Tahsibu Zakat Al-Mal bi Bashathah, terj. Umar Mujtahid, Praktis dan Mudah Menghitung zakat .Solo: Aqwam, 2013.
Wikipedia. “Muwatta Malik”. https://id.m.wikipedia.org. 2 Mei 2019.
Published
2023-02-16
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How to Cite
Nurul Istiqamah, and Rosmita Rosmita. 2023. “Zakat Perdagangan Bagi Muḥtakir Menurut Perspektif Mazhab Māliki”. AL-QIBLAH: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Bahasa Arab 2 (1), 39-61. https://doi.org/10.36701/qiblah.v2i1.869.
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