Work Environment, Burnout Syndrome, Work Motivation, and Employee Turnover Intention

— This study aims to determine the influence of the Work Environment and Burnout Syndrome on Turnover Intention of employees at PT. Iron Bird Logistics, directly and indirectly through Work Motivation. The research method used is a sample survey with purposive sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 100 employees at PT. Iron Bird Logistics. For the data analysis method used is to use SmartPLS with the outer mdel test, inner model and hypothesis testing. The results of the study show that the Work Environment and Burnout Syndrome have significant influence on Turnover Intention through Work Motivation. This means that if the work environment that is created is getting better and the burnout that occurs is lower, then the work motivation of the employees will be better. If the employee's work motivation is getting better, then the employee's desire to resign from the company will decrease.


INTRODUCTION
Globalization has a huge influence on the industrial world.This causes the competition that occurs between one company and another company to become more stringent and competitive.Therefore, companies are required to continue to grow over time in order to face the existing competition.A growing company will cause various kinds of problems, one of which is related to human resources.Human resources are very important because they can affect the performance and quality of a company.The development and management of human resources is an investment that can be made because the benefits obtained by the company are very large even though it requires a lot of money to support this.One of the benefits that companies get from investing in human resources is that the workers and employees produced are more professional and reliable in doing all the work in the company [1].Thus, good management and development of human resources can be a determinant of success in a company, especially in the era of globalization where competitors are not only from within the country but from abroad.
Of the many problems related to company human resources, turnover intention is one of the problems that should be watched out for.Turnover itself is a condition where the workforce in a company experiences movement, including the resignation of an employee from a company for certain reasons.In addition, according to experts, turnover can also be interpreted as a process of employee resignation both voluntarily and involuntarily, where the number of employees who leave is divided by employees who leave and enter in one year multiplied by one hundred percent [2].Turnover can be divided into two types, namely voluntary turnover and involuntary turnover.For voluntary turnover is the process of leaving employees caused by the will of the individual itself.Meanwhile, involuntary turnover is the process of leaving employees due to organizational factors or urgent matters.The turnover process can create an imbalance in the existing human resources in a company or organization.This can reduce the performance of the company, either directly or indirectly.This is because there will be many vacant positions and also an imbalance between human resources and the amount of responsibility that exists.The impact of turnover is very large for the company, either positively or negatively.The positive impact that can be obtained by the company directly is the reduction of employees who have low performance.Employees who have low performance will interfere with the performance of a team or department.This makes the final result less than optimal.According to [3], the positive impact of turnover is that it can bring the organization to a higher level of efficiency by benefiting from the increased performance of new employees.Meanwhile, the negative impacts of turnover are reduced quality of service and research, lost employee productivity, and higher financial costs related to the recruitment and training of new employees [4].Before turnover occurs, it is usually preceded by the desire of the employee to leave work or what is commonly called turnover intention.Turnover will lead to the final reality faced by the organization in the form of employees leaving the organization, whereas turnover intention usually leads to individual evaluation results [2].Employees will usually feel satisfied and have the desire to move to a new place or company.The decision to change jobs is usually one of the last choices for an employee if he finds that his working conditions are not as expected.
One company that competes globally, namely PT.Iron Bird Logistics which is a subsidiary of Blue Bird Group and is engaged in logistics.Initially, Blue Bird started its logistics services as a trucking company named PT.Iron Bird.The company was established in 1993 to provide container and glassware transportation services.Along with the development of these freight transportation services, Blue Bird has finally expanded to expand its business network.On March 1, 2008, PT.Iron Bird Transport which is also appointed as an agent for Sumitomo Warehouse in Indonesia.PT.Iron Bird Transport was founded to provide freight forwarding businesses and logistics services worldwide.Finally in 2018, PT.Iron Bird and PT.Iron Bird Transport merged under the name PT. Iron Bird Logistics which will continue to grow [5].
The high level of competition in the logistics sector makes these companies need to carry out several strategies in order to produce maximum output.Maximum management of human resources is one of the steps that can be taken by companies, including PT. Iron Bird Logistics.Maximum utilization of human resources is one of the strategies that can be carried out to get a good end result so that it can compete globally optimally.As a company engaged in the logistics sector, the employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics which requires high accuracy, communication with external parties and governance, as well as very high work pressure and risks that can make employees vulnerable to stress.Continuous stress and not handled properly, makes work motivation decrease.The level of motivation that continues to decline triggers the desire to resign.With a decrease in the number of employees can affect the competitiveness of companies, especially in the era of globalization where competitors are not only from within the country but from abroad.Therefore, the need for a strategy carried out by the company for the management of human resources in order to maintain balance and produce maximum end results.
From the problems previously presented, the author is finally interested in conducting research using the title "The Influence of Working Conditions and Burnout Syndrome Through Work Motivation on Employee Turnover Intention of PT.Iron Bird Logistics".

The Work Environment
The work environment is a source of inspiration for employees at work.The existence of a good work environment will support the attitudes and actions of employees at work.This will make the work more focused and sustainable in order to achieve the organizational goals that have been set previously.The work environment is one of the important factors and needs to be a manager's concern to maintain the human resources they have.The work environment is an environment or place where employees do their daily work.According to [6]; [7]; [8]; [9], the work environment is all things that are around employees and support employees at work, both physical and non-physical, directly or indirectly, which can affect these employees at work. that may affect their work.

Burnout Syndrome
Burnout syndrome is a psychological syndrome that occurs in employees which includes fatigue, depersonalization and decreased ability of employees to carry out their routine tasks which can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, or even sleep disturbances [10].Burnout is an expression that arises as a result of situations running out of energy, motivation or incentives, showing a change in a person's attitude and behavior in response to demands, as well as frustration because he considers himself unappreciated at work.At first, burnout was described by Freudenberger, a psychiatrist in 1974.He helped people closest to him who were affected by burnout due to too intense work, fatigue with work that sacrificed a lot of time, their energy and mind.According to his research, burnout occurs when the body and mind are constantly tense in response to constant high levels of stress so that a person feels confused between work and their desired priorities, worries about job security, and wants to be appreciated.
There are several factors that can cause burnout syndrome in employees, including excessive workload which includes working hours, the number of individuals to be served, the responsibilities that must be borne, other administrative work that exceeds the individual's capacity and ability, and the absence of social support.from colleagues and superiors [11].So from the description above it can be concluded that Burnout is psychological pressure due to emotional exhaustion experienced by employees so that they are often weak, tired, hopeless and have low work motivation.According to [12], there are several impacts that occur to employees as a result of Burnout: 1) Burnout is Lost Energy.This condition is a worker experiencing stress, overwhelmed, and exhausted.This makes it difficult for employees to sleep, and easily feel tired at work.Energy that continues to decrease can make performance and productivity at work continue to decrease.
2) Burnout is Lost Enthusiasm.This condition occurs because a worker begins to lose enthusiasm or desire to work.The ability and creativity that these workers have towards their work decreases.Everything related to work becomes unpleasant.This makes the results or productivity provided very minimal.
3) Burnout is Lost Confidence.This condition occurs because a worker begins to lose confidence in his work.This condition makes a worker begin to reduce his involvement to be active in his work and feel doubtful about his abilities.This will have a negative impact on the work itself.Besides that, it makes the worker less effective and not optimal at work

Work Motivation
The origin of the word motivation is from the Latin (movere) which means encouragement, driving force or force that causes an action or deed.In English, the word movere is equated with motivation which means giving motives, generating motives, or things that give rise to encouragement or circumstances that give rise to encouragement.Motivation is a key for the organization to maintain continuity of work within the organization.Decreased work motivation makes the employee's desire to resign from the company even higher.Motivation is a process of arousing behavior, maintaining behavior progress, and channeling specific action behaviors so that employees' needs and desires to act are increasingly encouraged [13].Meanwhile, according to [14], motivation is a desire that exists within a person that can cause that person to take action.Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to work motivation both externally and internally so that the goals of the company are achieved.
Work motivation is an encouragement or desire that arises from within a person at work, to move to do all types of work with his efforts and effectively to achieve the goals to be achieved [15] [16].The better the motivation that is built, it can encourage employees to work more productively and increase employee loyalty to the company.Without motivation, employees only think of their work as routine.Not as a willingness that arises from within the employee to complete his work efficiently and optimally.Something that is done because there is motivation will make people happy to do it.People will feel valued or acknowledged.This happens because the work is valuable for motivated people [17].

METHOD
The research method used in the sample survey method.The sample survey method is a method by visiting the object in question to obtain data and using a questionnaire as a data collection tool.The survey method was chosen to find out how it influences work environment on employee motivation, burnout syndrome on employee motivation, work environment and burnout syndrome on work motivation, work environment on turnover intention, burnout syndrome on turnover intention, and the effect of work motivation on turnover intention PT.Iron Bird Logistics.
In this study, the population used was all employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics.The population in this study are all employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics with a total of 135 people.The sample is determined by the sampling method The selection of the sampling technique is due to the fact that not all samples have the specified criteria.The existence of criteria / considerations that must be met makes not all samples can be used.The criteria for the sample in this study are: 1. Employees who work at PT. Iron Bird Logistics is both male and female 2. Employees who work at PT. Iron Bird Logistics which has worked for 1 year -30 years The sample used in this study was 100 people as an object of research.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The results of the research to test the validity and reliability were processed using SmartPLS.the results of the model determination coefficient and the path coefficient for the equation model can be seen as follows:

Convergent Validity
In the measurement model with Convergent Validity, it is assessed from the relationship between the item scores per item and the loading factor or construct score.The standard results that must be obtained in an indicator using this method are above 0.700, so that the results can be declared valid.In this study, there were a total of 45 statements.

Average Variance Extracted (AVE).
The convergent validity test can not only be seen from the results of the loading factor of each indicator.However, this can also be done by looking at the AVE value of each construct.The results the AVE value of each variable must be above 0.5 in order to meet the required convergent validity.
The results of the analysis using SmartPLS in table 4.5 show that all the variables used are valid.The work environment variable has an AVE value of 0.670.The burnout syndrome variable has an AVE value of 0.601.Meanwhile, the work motivation variable has an AVE value of 0.551.Finally, the variable tunrover intention has an AVE value of 0.651.All these results mean that each construct has met good and appropriate convergent validity.

Discriminant Validity
In testing discriminant validity it is used to be able to prove whether an indicator in a construct will have the largest loading factor in the construct it forms rather than a loading factor with other constructs.Discriminant validity is checked using the value of the cross loading factor, namely the correlation between the indicators and the variables used.

Figure 3. Display Path Coefficient Results
The figure above shows that almost all variables in this model have a path coefficient with a positive number.The greater the value of the independent variable, the greater the dependent variable.The work environment variable (X1) has an effect of 3.196 or 31.96% on work motivation and also has an effect of 0.150 or 15% on turnover intention.The variable brunout syndrome (X2) has an effect of 7.929 or 79.29% on work motivation and also has an effect of 7.441 or 74.41% on turnover intention.While on the variable work motivation (Y1) has an effect of 3.669 or 36.69% on turnover intention.

Fit Models
In this study, the value of the fit model can be seen from the NFI (Normed Fit Index) value.This value is a measure to compare the null model with the model that has been formed.A good model and will be declared perfect fit if it is close to number 1 [18].The NFI value obtained is 0.666.It can be said that the model used has sufficient fit.

Hypothesis test
In testing the hypothesis used to describe the direction of influence between the independent variables with the dependent variant.The results of the hypothesis test are obtained from the simultaneous path coefficient which is used to see how much the value of each path coefficient is.In this study, the number of respondents was 100 people, which are in the numbers 60 to 120 in the T table.While the usual or standard significance value used in research is using a = 5% (0.05).Therefore, the minimum value of the T table taken is 1.980.

The Influence of the Work Environment on Work Motivation
Based on the results of research that has been done, it shows that the work environment has a significant effect on work motivation.This means that if the work environment is good and supportive it will create motivation employee work is also increasing.This is because employees feel comfortable in the environment where they work.So that the motivation to complete their responsibilities will be even greater.According to [16]; [17]; [19]; [7]; [8] there are several work environment factors that must be considered.Physical work environment factors, including hygiene factors, lighting factors, ventilation factors, noise factors, safety factors.In addition, the work environment is one important aspect that needs to be considered by a manager to maintain human resources.Providing and seeking comfortable, safe and conducive working conditions will increase high morale.This is because an employee will spend his working time every day in that place.
The results obtained are in line with research conducted by [20], identifying the influence of the work environment on work motivation at PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang.The results of this study indicate that the physical and non-physical work environment has a significant effect on employee motivation.The non-physical work environment has more influence on increasing employee motivation compared to the physical work environment variables.The non-physical work environment consists of the working relationship between employees and fellow co-workers and the working relationship between superiors and subordinates contributes more influence in influencing employee motivation.

Effect of Burnout Syndrome on Work Motivation
Based on the results of research that has been done, it shows that burnout syndrome has a significant effect on work motivation.This means that the higher the burnout, the lower the achievement motivation at work.Several respondents said that they did not have free time to relax or spend time with their families because the number of jobs was not up to par.In addition, the results obtained are not in accordance with the work they have to complete.According to [21], several factors can affect motivation at work, namely an inadequate reward system, no free time to relax and have fun outside of working hours caused by the workload provided by the company.These results are in accordance with research conducted by [22], which identified the relationship between burnout and the work motivation of implementing nurses at Wangaya Hospital Denpasar.The study states that burnout has a significant relationship to the work motivation of the practicing nurses.If the burnout that occurs is higher, then the work motivation of the implementing nurse will be lower.Some of the factors that trigger burnout that affect this research are the relationship between superiors and co-workers that are not good, lack of cooperation between co-workers, and an uncomfortable work environment.

Effect of Work Motivation on Turnover Intention
Based on the results of the research that has been done, it shows that work motivation has a significant effect on turnover intention.This shows that the better work motivation is formed, the employee's desire to resign will also decrease.Work motivation will usually be to work on time, follow applicable work regulations, and have good cooperation with fellow co-workers.Vice versa, employees who only work because of their status as employees in the company, their work motivation is low.Employees who work with good motivation will eliminate the feeling of wanting to leave the company.
These results are consistent with research conducted by [23], which identified the effect of work motivation and organizational commitment on turnover intention among Ufo Elektronika Surabaya employees.The results of this study prove that work motivation has a significant effect on the turnover intention of UFO Elektronika Surabaya employees.So it can be said that increasing work motivation can reduce the desire to leave work.Appreciation for employees by giving praise or recognition to employees can make employees more enthusiastic about working and giving the best for the company.

Effect of Work Environment on Turnover Intention
Based on the results of research that has been done, it shows that the work environment does not directly affect turnover intention.The work environment cannot influence employees in creating a feeling of wanting to resign from their place of work, but must go through the influence of work motivation first.This means that whether the work environment is good or not cannot influence an employee to resign from the company.Management must pay more attention to and increase the level of employee satisfaction with the compensation received, pay attention to the employee work environment, communication relations between employees, and the working atmosphere in order to create and increase work motivation in employees so as to reduce the level of turnover intention [6].

Effect of Burnout Syndrome on Turnover Intention
Based on the results of research that has been done, it shows that burnout syndrome has a significant effect on turnover intention.This means that the higher the burnout, the higher the employee's desire to resign.High demands and targets for employees will cause work stress and then physical exhaustion can occur.The occurrence of physical exhaustion can trigger changes in employee attitudes in the form of psychological withdrawal.
The research results obtained are in accordance with the research conducted by [24], which identified the effect of work stress on turnover intention with burnout as an intervening variable at PT. East Bright Pure Light.The study concluded that burnout had a positive and significant effect on PT.East Bright Pure Light.Physical exhaustion is the highest point in the study which can reduce a person's physical condition due to high workload, causing a feeling of pessimism and can cause a desire to leave the company.

Conclusion
The results of the study showed that there was an influence from the work environment on work motivation on employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics.Better and more supportive from the work environment, then the work motivation of employees will increase also.And vice versa if the worse the existing work environment, then employee motivation to work will decrease.
The results of the study show that there is an effect of burnout syndrome on work motivation on employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics.Lower level burnout syndrome that occurs in employees, then the motivation to work from employees will also increase.Likewise, if burnout syndrome is occurs in employees the higher, then the motivation of employees to work will be drop.
The results of the study show that there is an effect of work motivation on turnover intention on employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics.It can be concluded that if the higher employee motivation to work is formed, then the desire of the employee to resign from the company will decrease.Vice versa if employee motivation is on the lower the company to work,, then the desire of an employee to resign will be increasingly The results of the study show that there is no influence from the work environment on turnover intention of employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics.For better or for worse the work environment that exists in the company, does not affect it directly employee's desire to leave.But, for better or for worse work environment can affect employee motivation in working so can affect the desire of employees to leave the company.
The results of the study show that there is an effect of burnout syndrome on turnover intention of employees of PT.Iron Bird Logistics.Burnouts occur syndrome can affect the desire of employees to leave the company.

Suggestions
To increase work motivation in employees, it is necessary to have a related evaluation conducive work environment.An increasingly conducive work environment ie by providing comfortable room conditions with the right temperature and noise free.This can increase motivation to work on employees at PT. Iron Bird Logistics.
It needs to be reviewed regarding the assignment and division of tasks between departments as well as individually.The more responsibilities that must be done by employees, then there are employees who will quickly feel tired.Besides that, there needs to be media or means to accommodate complaints and problems being faced by employees.
There needs to be more appreciation for employees who have good work record to increase work motivation.It is done so that employees are more enthusiastic at work and do not arise feelings of wanting resign from the company.
There is a need for further study and research related to things that can affect employee motivation.In addition, it is necessary to look for other factors others that can affect the turnover intention that occurs in employees at PT. Iron Bird Logistics without affecting the motivation of the employee.The higher the level burnout syndrome that occurs in employees, it can make it even higher Also the desire of employees to leave the company.Likewise conversely if the burnout syndrome that occurs in employees is higher, then the desire of employees to leave the company is decreasing

Table 1 .
R-Square Coefficient 20% and the rest is influenced by other factors.Meanwhile, work motivation is influenced by the work environment and burnout syndrome of 46.30 and the rest is influenced by other factors.