Development of Android Based Learning Media in Qissah Qur'ani and Prophet Materials to Improve the Noble Achievement of Students

Strengthening character is one of the major agendas in the education of the Indonesian people. A noble character is one part of the goal of national culture. One method of planting lofty morals is the qissah qur'ani and nabawi methods. Unfortunately, these methods are still mostly in the area of educational institutions. Therefore, there is a need for media that can facilitate the learning of students wherever they are. One of them is a smartphone device with the Android operating system. This study aims to (1) develop Android-based Islamic Education (PAI) learning media on qissah qur'ani and nabawi material; (2) testing the feasibility of the learning media developed; and (3) testing the effect of the use of learning media developed on the students' noble morals. This research is a Research and Development study. The chosen research subjects were students of the University of August 17, 1945, Cirebon. Researchers limit the topics studied are students who contract PAI courses. Based on the assessment questionnaire by material experts, it was found that the percentage of each aspect (%) was equal to 91.25% and the assessment questionnaire by learning media experts was 78.25% so that it could be concluded that the learning media of the Android application Akhlaq Mulia could be said to be very feasible to use, and based on trial of usage through the pretest-posttest control group design experimental design, there are differences in the development of the noble character of the innovative class and control class students. In other words, the increase in the noble morals of students who received treatment through the android learning media (experimental class) had a significant positive effect. Penguatan karakter merupakan salah satu agenda besar dalam pendidikan bangsa Indonesia. Akhlak mulia merupakan salah satu bagian dari tujuan pendidikan nasional. Salah satu metode penanaman akhlak mulia yaitu terdapat metode qissah qur’ani dan nabawi. Sayangnya metode tersebut sebagian besar masih berlangsung di wilayah lembaga pendidikan saja. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya media yang bisa memfasilitasi pembelajaran peserta didik di manapun ia berada. Salah satunya adalah perangkat smartphone dengan sistem operasi Android. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) berbasis Android pada materi qissah qur’ani dan nabawi; (2) menguji tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan; serta (3) Development of Android Based Learning Media – Muhammad Luthfi Abdullah, et all 150 Copyright (c) 2019 by Al-Hayat. All Right Reserved DOI: https://doi.org/10.35723/ajie.v3i2.75 menguji pengaruh penggunaan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan terhadap akhlak mulia peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian research and development. Subjek penelitian yang dipilih adalah mahasiswa Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Cirebon. Peneliti membatasi subjek yang diteliti adalah mahasiswa yang mengontrak mata kuliah PAI. Berdasarkan angket penilaian oleh ahli materi didapatkan presentase kelayakan tiap aspek (%) yaitu sebesar 91,25 % dan angket penilaian oleh ahli media pembelajaran sebesar 78,25 % sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran aplikasi android Akhlaq Mulia bisa dikatakan sangat layak digunakan, serta berdasarkan uji coba pemakaian melalui desain eksperimen Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design, terdapat perbedaan perkembangan akhlak mulia mahasiswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Dengan kata lain peningkatan akhlak mulia mahasiswa yang memperoleh perlakuan melalui media pembelajaran android (kelas eksperimen) berpengaruh positif signifikan.


I. INTRODUCTION
In (Suwarsi, 2016) it was stated that a BKKBN (National Family Planning Coordinating Board) survey in 2008 reported 63% of adolescents in big cities in Indonesia had had premarital sex. This means that if there are 100 teenagers in a big city, then 51 people have had premarital sex. These conditions provide a worrisome picture of adolescent morale. The rise of student brawls (Mighfar, 2018) adds a bad record to the confidence of adolescents.
According to (Mighfar, 2018) education fosters a better life, also contributes to colour and becomes a moral or ethical foundation in the process of empowering the identity of a nation. Training like this will lift human dignity. By doing so (Ardimen, 2017) efforts to realize young people who excel and advance in various fields, can be achieved through education in the family, school and community.
Regarding morals, there is a close relationship with religion (Tsani, 2013). In daily life, often, the strongest motivation in acting is because of faith. For example, premarital sexual behaviour should be shunned because of religious reasons forbidding it. In other cases, showing a smile to a friend is also a behaviour advocated by religion.
The term morality is better known in Islam than moral. Nevertheless, according to (Halstead, 2007) both contain teachings about decency (Tsani, 2013). Decency in (Ministry of Education and Culture, 2016) is good customs; politeness; courtesy; civilization. As has been done (Abdullah, 2018) and (Darojah, 2016) the moral education of morality is essential because it is an alternative solution in dealing with deviations of human behaviour (immoral actions).
Education has severe challenges, as well as enormous benefits from technological progress. On the one hand, technological advances have increased by wrong human actions such as free sex behaviour, due to easily accessible pornographic shows. However, on the other hand, technological advances also have an impact on learning innovations. As in (Yektyastuti & Ikhsan, 2016) and  has utilized the Android system in learning media. This research also uses the Android system in learning media (Labibah, Wilujeng, Sulaiman, & Rahmawati, 2019). The adoption of the android system as a learning medium in this study is because Android users in Indonesia until June 2015 reached 65.9% of all smartphone users (Stat Counter, 2015). August 17, 1945, Cirebon University is an educational institution that has been accredited B. Researchers take research samples on students who contract PAI courses; researchers are lecturers in the field. Also, based on the observation of researchers, these students have deficiencies in terms of morals to Allah SWT (Gall, Borg, & Gall, 1983).

a. State of The Art and Roadmap
This research is an application of research (Johansyah, 2011) which reviews character education in Islam from a methodological aspect. Character education in Islam the ontology is an educational collaboration from three perspectives, namely, knowledge, feelings, and deeds. The purpose of character education in Islam is to shape Muslim character; the true one has morality. Next, to strive for this, then there are several methods in Islam, such as in field research (Darojah, 2016). The study describes how the technique of planting noble morals in the object of research along with various problems. Delivered in the survey, there are five ways of moral cultivation which are the story/story method, the exemplary method, the systematic training method, the demonstration method and the reward and punishment method. While the problems faced consist of two external and internal factors. Researchers try through this research to overcome internal factors in the form of student motivation that is not optimal. Subsequent analysis was conducted by (Siswayanti, 2010, p. 75) which presents that the Story Method is present to give educational messages in an accessible format, so that it is easily digested, even can penetrate the recesses of their minds and hearts. Feeling engrossed in following the storyline, without boredom, makes it easy for them to reap the benefits and messages conveyed. That way, the hope is to be able to increase student motivation. In clarifying the story method, research has been conducted by (Rosita, 2016), which describes how the application of the Qur'anic story method in shaping students' characters (Aeni, 2017).
Next, (Abdullah, 2018) researches how the Qur'anic story method is applied in schools and tests its effectiveness. Delivered in (Abdullah, 2018) that the research was motivated by the condition of the noble character of students on the object, has a low tendency (Asrowi, 2017). After that, the qissah qur'ani method was used in the experimental class. Control classes are provided that do not use this method. It aims to make clear the difference between types that use the qur'ani story method (experimental class) and classes that do not use the technique (control class). The results show that there are significant differences related to the increase of noble character in the experimental class before the application of the Qur'anic story method and after the use of the technique.
In this research, the content studied has similarities, which is about noble moralsalso, related to efforts to increase lofty morals. The difference with this research is that the action is given. This research utilizes android-based learning media, and this research is applied to students.
Related to research on the use of Android-based learning media there are three research that researchers have collected (Yektyastuti & Ikhsan, 2016), , and (Muyaroah & Fajartia, 2017). The three studies are applied in subjects with science. Researchers adapted the three investigations in terms of developing instructional media and research methodologies to be used in this study.
As an example of research conducted by (Batubara, 2017) implementing an android application as a medium for learning Islamic religious education on Hajj material in the X-A class of the high school. In this research, the content taken is related to qissah qur'ani and nabawi (Musyafiq, 2016). Based on the explanation above, the roadmap from this research can be described as follows:

b. Noble character
Al-Akhlāq, in the plural form, al-khuluq (Ikhwanuddin, 2012) has many meanings, namely al-thabi'ah or al-thab'u (character), al-din (religion) and al-Sajiyyah (temperament). Alkhuluq is used to term a character and the essential nature of human creation.
This word comes from three letters, kha-la-qa, which is usually used to appreciate something. Al-Ragib states, "Basically, the phrase al-khalqu, al-khulqu, and alkhuluqu have the same meaning. However, al-khalqu is more devoted to forms that can be tracked pacaindra, while al-khulqu is devoted to strength and character that can be captured by the eyes of the heart. Allah zza azza wa jalla has faith which means, "And you are a true, noble character." (Al-Qalam [68]: 4) The noble character in verse is explained by al-Tabari, meaning excellent manners; that is al-Qur'an manners which Allah has planted in the souls of His Messenger. This etiquette is reflected through Islam and its teachings (Rembang, 2018).
Al-Jahiz revealed that morality is the state of one's soul that always colours each of his actions and actions, without old consideration or desire. In some other cases, this character is a combination of the results of the training process and one's willpower. Generosity, for example, may have been ingrained in a person without trying to get used to or force yourself to behave that way. Condition like this also applies to other morals, such as brave, merciful, always maintain the purity, and be fair.
The author concludes that noble morals are the state of one's soul which always colours each of his actions and actions which are reflected in Islam and the teachings of the Prophet, peace be upon him, without long consideration or desire.
Noble character includes noble character towards Allah the Creator, noble character towards the Messenger of Allah.

c. Instructional Media
The world media in "learning media" literally means an intermediary or introduction, while the word learning is interpreted as a condition created to make a person do learning activities (Susilana, R., Si, M., & Riyana, C. (2008)). This is following the opinion of Lesle J Brigss (1979) which states that learning media as "The physical means of conveying instructional content book films, video taps, etc.".

Understanding Android
The development of Android into a smartphone operating system that is most widely used in the world (Putri, 2012). The Android system is an option for companies who want a low-cost operating system (Cindy P.C., 2012). Understanding Android, according to Wikipedia, is a Linux-based operating system that was developed.
The device is designed to be used on smartphone-based on technological developments; Android technology is used to be something useful that is making learning media applications (Bantacut, 1990). According to Nugroho (2009) Human Interaction is a field of science that has developed since 1970 that studies how to design computer screen displays in an information system application to be comfortable to use by users.
Along with this, many people want simple, easy and fast things, especially for people who have a very high level of activity the Android application is beneficial.
Android is also an operating platform favoured by the community because of its open-source nature (Supriyono, (2014). Android is a new generation of mobile Linux platform that includes a middleware operating system (Nazruddin Safaat, 2012). With the development of these technologies, humans are racing to make tools aids that can help human activities, especially as a medium of learning (Uriawan, (2017).

III. METHOD
This research takes the focus of research in the theme of education with the topic of educational technology in learning. As mentioned earlier, about the importance of good moral education, this research aims to (1)   With the results of the research and theory used as assumptions, the following research hypothesis is obtained: "there is a positive influence on the noble morals of students between before and after the use of Android-based learning media on qissah qur'ani and nabawi material" (Kurniawan, 2017).
Explanation of the stages of research following the above chart, along with the duties of the chairman and members are as follows: a. Information gathering is collecting data/references related to research. Besides that, they also observed behaviour (noble morals) and the tendency of students to use smartphones.
d. Design validation is conducted for learning media experts, for material experts, PAI teaching lecturers, and teaching media users (students).
e. Design revisions. After the product design has been validated through discussions with experts and other experts, the weaknesses can be identified so that they can be corrected.
f. Trial Usage is conducted on a limited group used to test the level of effectiveness of the product on the noble character of students. In conducting the trial use the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design experimental method was used. The research design can be seen, as shown below: g. Product revision is an improvement from the trial use after knowing the weaknesses that exist in the product.

a. Application Design
Researchers have designed the display so that applications attract students to use the app. The design phase is done by using software construct two as making the layout of the android application. Used construct two software is based on a comparative study of some android software that was tried, including Android studio. The choice of construct software 2 is more natural because of other android software and is appropriate for projects that have limited time. How to use software construct 2 in designing Ahlaq Mulia android application can be seen in the image below:

b. Qissah Qur'ani and Nabawi Material
In this research, we have found several stories of noble ahlaq that can touch the hearts of readers (Sa'id, 2009). Although no doubt, there are still many exciting stories of the Qur'an that have not been adequately summarized in this application. In this application, the stories are divided into three parts, namely:

The Story of Noble Morals
In this research, the extraordinary ahlaq story will tell a lot about the events experienced by people or fictitious stories based on the qualities of goodness in human beings such as the nature of the lover, charity, ethical leadership, respect for others, honesty, tenacity, etc. Like the picture below:

c. Quiz Game
In the learning media application about Noble Morals based on the Qishah, Qur'an is also equipped with quis features (Ikhwan, 2017). This feature is intended as a means of attracting students to answer questions related to the material in this application. So after reading the stories of noble morals, students can test their knowledge with this quiz game, and the results will appear. The quiz game is as shown below: In the above quis game is equipped with an attractive background instrument so students can play comfortably, and in the quis game there is a score display that shows how many questions can be answered and a Time display to show that in 100 seconds how many total problems that can be solved by students, so this game trains knowledge about Noble Morals and stories in the Koran. This game also teaches thinking speed due to racing with 100 seconds to answer as many questions as possible so that the score obtained becomes high score and if the answer is once wrong then it will become game over like in the picture below: In the photo above this quis game displays the score obtained by the user and also shows the highest high score ever achieved so students can be encouraged to answer questions to get the most top high score.

d. Material Expert and Media Expert Validation
Testing of further learning media through the validation stage . At the stage of media validation, this is done by one material expert, namely a lecturer in Islamic religious education (Ikhwan, 2018); (Ikhwan, 2016 Based on the calculation results of instructional media assessments by media experts get a score of 72, so it is said to be very good for a learning media application and gets a percentage score of 78.25% so that it can be said to be very suitable for use as a learning medium.

e. Trial Usage
Through the independent samples t-test at the significance level = 0.05 with NU = 26, it can be concluded that there is a difference between the development of noble morals in the experimental class using the Android learning media Qişşaħ Qur`ani and Nabawi with the control class using the Conventional Method (Maulida, 2018). It can be concluded that the android learning media Qişşaħ Qur`ani has a positive effect in increasing the noble character of students (Abdullah, 2013).

V. CONCLUSION
Strengthening characters such as noble morals is highly prioritized in education. This is inseparable from the fact that many immoral acts were carried out in Indonesia (Muhammad Amri, Saharuddin, & Ahmad, 2019). Various innovations need to be done, especially in terms of learning media. Android is an operating system that is already common to every smartphone. A large number of Indonesian people who already use android, then this becomes an opportunity to produce android-based learning media.
One of the materials that have been prepared specially to increase noble morals and has the power to enter the recesses of students' souls is Qişşaħ Qur`ani and Nabawi (Hasbi, 2014). This research tries to give an example of an Android learning media application Qişşaħ Qur`ani and Nabawi (Widiati, 2000). This application consists of two parts, namely in the form of Qişşaħ Qur`ani and Nabawi material and Quis in the way of a game to test the level of students' understanding of the material.
Based on the validation test of media and material experts, it was found that android learning media Qişşaħ Qur`ani and Nabawi proved to be suitable to be used to increase the noble character of students (Ambarwulan & Muliyati, 2016). Then through the usage test using the experimental method in the form of Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design, the results show that there is a significant positive effect on increasing the noble character of students after using the android learning media Qişşaħ Qur`ani and Nabawi. Thus this learning media can be recommended for use in PAI learning. VI.