Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on livestock industry and food security: A review

COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic that spread over 192 countries and caused more than 3 million people deaths by 2021. It arises a concern on livestock cultivation, their production, and maintaining the supply chain to sustain the existing economy worldwide. The prediction of potential consequences on livestock production and food security is unexpected. Numerous cases among workers in animal farms and product processing plants are evolved during the panic situation, leading to a negative impact on livestock management, and the distribution of products to human doors simultaneously. One of the significant contributions to the drastic decline in livestock operation is the high cost of animal feed. Social distance also slows down all regular activities in livestock farms, resulting in a considerable upset on outcomes. Not only that shutting down transportation flexibility leads to be a burden for farmers in case of high production costs. In the context of consumers, the sublime price of meat, milk, and eggs has addressed the exacerbating risk to worldwide nutrition security. Hence, the world is experiencing an outbreak challenge in resilient, fair, and flexible animal production systems and ensuring food safety globally.


Introduction
Within 100 years, the world endured surprisingly emerging two pandemic diseases named the 1918 influenza and the 2009 swine flu, which infected about 500 million and 61 million people, respectively.Currently, the strong outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019, most of the countries followed social distance, quarantine, isolation process, the closing of social activities, limiting import-export facility and controlling border areas.These disruptions in the community had turned into a crisis in the worldwide economy and food security (Hashem et al., 2020;Khalifa et al., 2020).Global food insecurity was a concern particularly due to the pandemic effect on the livestock production systems.It had become acute during the disruptions in animal management systems.All scenarios of COVID-19 impact on the livestock industry were perceived worldwide (Figure -1).

Figure-1: Effects of COVID-19 on the livestock industry
The scheme was exacerbated because of reducing the accessibility to animal feedstuffs and slaughterhouses, generating the scarcity of laborers, raising constraints, increasing animal feedstuffs price, and having illness in many employees.In the availability of input facilities, many movement restrictions were applied in domestic and international supply systems for machinery and agrochemicals.Similar complications were found in the feed supply chain and hatchery operation that had impeded the livestock and poultry sector.Not only that, livestock operations had been obstructed by delays in feeding and stocking, diminishing potential output, and complicating marketing procedures.Besides, the market had challenges with limited buyers intending to buy commodities especially for perishable items such as meat, milk, and eggs.The high-income opportunities from these perishable products were being obstructed by the declines in demand due to price hikes.Furthermore, the shutting down of food catering services and restaurants had invaded the requirement for livestock products.Therefore, farmers were facing a capital shortage problem for lower revenue from products that affected decision-making for input purchase.This impediment resulted in the reduction of cash flow between retailers and wholesalers which had a detrimental consequence on food security (Amjath-Babu et al., 2020).The loss of production in the egg, milk, and meat industry for the influence of COVID-19 was also remarkable.This review illustrates how the outbreak of COVID-19 has affected worldwide livestock production including the dairy, beef, and poultry sector, and their management systems by collecting information from available organizational reports, cited observations, and scientific papers.Such knowledge and data may assist in taking measurable steps to ameliorate the current state and to assert learning for our future, with an emphasis on food safety and security.

Animal management Price of feed
Agriculture is an important sector in the aspect of the development of humans and is related to the security of food (Siche, 2020).The range of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food, agriculture, and their food sectors differs by country (Elleby et al., 2020).In developing countries, small-scale livestock production imparts livelihoods to a large extent of the population.As an example of Thailand, the small and large-scale meat industry had been driven forward since 1980 (Petrikova et al., 2020) which was interrupted by the COVID-19 epidemic.Especially, export and import activities of the raw materials had been failed during the circumstance which harmed the continuous process of animal raising.At one time, the market of livestock products narrowed, and the prices of related items became elevated.Particularly, the feed industry was experiencing the problematic condition to collect the raw materials from crop cultivation and provided final products for animal production.Therefore, the supply of raw elements and the production of animal feedstuffs were being troublesome (Deeh et al., 2020).During the COVID-19 epidemic, inflated feed price was a common scenario in many countries for several reasons.In Brazil, domestic animal feed prices such as corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil were recorded high due to the shipment of these crops, leading to a deficit in the feed supply to the local processing industry.The climbed prices caused an increase in the production costs and partially in dairy and meat products.To encounter the elevated price, Brazil suspended import tax on these crops from non-Mercosur countries during the pandemic (Ustinova and Aquino, 2020).In European Union, about twothird of member states pointed out the spike in feed prices in the livestock industry.To support the animal industry in case of high prices, Agriculture Commission attempted to form financial support, effective mechanisms, and subsidiary programs through their common Agricultural Policy (Fortuna, 2021).In the USA, high feed price was overlooked during COVID-19 due to limited export of corn and soybean and less production of these crops in their country.To maintain livestock production during the pandemic, various government stimulus programs were initiated to reduce the effects immediately (Ledbetter, 2021).
In African countries, from the months between April and May 2020, the devastating stocks from previous cultivation had mounted the price of grains.Additionally, the lockdown strategy followed by governments had troubled the trading of grains in African countries.The logistic challenges, reduction of border transactions, and peak price of agricultural raw materials during the moment had risen the price of food throughout the regions (Ejeromedoghene et al., 2020).In Romania, the government banned grain export, for example, maize, flour, wheat, barley, bakery ware, and soybean to the non-European countries that changed the demand-supply, and raised the feed price (Nandini, 2020).In Italy, the livestock sector is dependent on the availability of raw elements, especially maize which is imported from foreign countries.Even, for the critical situation of feed mills and farms, it was going to be impossible to have plenty of feedstock.The price of grains mainly cereals and the unavailability of raw ingredients had been risen, due to the obstacles of trading from foreign merchants (Barcaccia et al., 2020).In the United Kingdom, the sublime price of barley, soybean, wheat, soybean meal, sunflower meal, corngluten feedstuffs, oat, and molasses was observed from the period of January to May 2020 due to the lower production performance and high demand (Deeh et al., 2020).In India, the key ingredient and soybean meal price in the poultry industry had been increased by 82% and above 50%, respectively (Sutanuka, 2021).The reason was that most of the ports were closed that inhibited the supply chain of animal feed during the COVID-19 period (Nandini, 2020).Including these reasons in different countries.the elevated feed prices highlighted other causes of the lower crop production than expected in regions and banned importing from the supply country (Agrilife Today, 2021).Besides, increasing the demand for feed for the new installment of the livestock industry also created an opportunity for raising the price of animal feeds.Another factor that affected the price was the competitive behavior across the countries for feed.Individual producers, individual companies, and individual countries mainly affected the competitiveness and the market size throughout the world.Though, the industries were attempting to adjust with the elevated price what would be a challenging period for them, the settlement between processors and producers among the countries could solve the feed prices (Sarah, 2021).

Availability of input facility, transportation, and marketing
The animal production system and its supply service were encountered challenges nationally and globally by the interruption of marketing, the block of export and import, and lower consumption of animal foods.The interrupters were the shortage of farming inputs such as animal feedstuffs resources, equipment, pasture facilities, etc. due to the social distance of the COVID-19 pandemic.Moreover, the livestock production facilities and materials, such as feedstuff, animal stocks (gilts, day-old chicks, heifers, piglets, and semen straws), vaccines, drugs, feed additives, and other livestock elements were driven to lose their sustainability.These barriers in the animal production supply chain generated pressure on farmers.Not only that, it threatened to sustain global livestock sectors and food security (Hashem et al., 2020).The pandemic situation not only limited the foreign trade systems but also kept down the local agricultural stuff.Moreover, feed additives, milk test kits, livestock health items, vaccines, and milk pasteurizing equipment were unavailable due to COVID-19 and had destructed the production of animals and the profitability of farmers (Seleiman et al., 2020;Hashem et al., 2020).The supply chain of food is a system that creates a network between agricultural systems and consumers (Chen et al., 2020b).Due to the shutting down of the transportation system during the COVID-19 condition, the supply chain of animal feedstuffs and animal products faced a serious obstacle.In China, due to the restricted traffic, milk transportation was obstructed and led to dumping (Xie et al., 2020).In African regions, the movement of agricultural elements through the border and trade service was restricted.Around 75% reduction of border trade was viewed during the 1st quarter of 2020 (Ratin, 2020).There was a direct impact of the COVID virus on the food supply chain and an indirect influence on animal food production, distribution, and marketing (Poudel et al., 2020;Abbas et al., 2021).It had been estimated that the global service of trade had been declined by about 12-22% due to the emergence of COVID-19 (CRS, 2021).In the Philippines, the delayed service in the transportation of raw components for the process of meat caused a threat in shortage until the movement of people banned (FAO, 2020a).In Argentina, around 50% of feed manufacturing industries had stopped feed ingredients export leading to a critical situation on animal farm management (Seleiman et al., 2020).In Brazil and the USA, a similar condition had been observed.In the COVID-19 situation, corn and soybean exports were limited (Seleiman et al., 2020).In Europe, national border and movement restrictions had a strike in the delivery of food and raw materials in livestock sectors.As an example, the shortage of packaging lamb and beef cuts to the restaurant had been signaled.Even, the import of veterinary outputs for livestock from China faced the same challenge (Research and Market, 2020).

Human service
COVID-19 war is a critical situation that worsens the environment through horrific legislation.In the livestock production system, its stringent caused labor shortage and difficulty in farm management and bringing the products to the markets.In China, during the COVID-19 situation, the livestock sector faced a great challenge in the accessibility of animal feed and labor shortage (Zhang, 2020).The absence of employees under lockdown declined the operation system including lower meat supply in local markets such as the biggest wholesale market of Xinfadi, Beijing (Hashem et al., 2020).In developing and developed countries including European countries, COVID-19 was problematic in the aspect of working areas due to the severe insufficiency of workers (Euractiv, 2020).Particularly, quarantine and limited movement imposed the deficiency of workers (FAO, 2020b).In south Asia, farmers rely on migratory laborers in rural areas for agricultural activities (Mottaleb et al., 2016).Though the farmers were keen to recruit laborers in their farms, restricted social movement slowed down the operation (USAID, 2020).Even, moving animal products (egg, meat, and milk) and live animals to markets was challenging for the reduction of labor facilities under strict logistics (FAO, 2020c).To follow social distance during COVID-19, farmworker's numbers were limited and the routine of animal husbandry including water, equipment, and pasture movement, product processing, and vaccination became interrupted.Moreover, livestock product processing (milk and meat) and their delivery had undergone obstacles to complete the production activities leading to lower production and product loss.(Gortázar and de la Fuente, 2020).In Bangladesh, the government declared its official lockdown on 26 March 2020 in an effort of controlling the spreading behavior of COVID-19 and the ultimate consequences widely.The strategy of lockdown restricted the movement of the community in farm sectors, especially the farm laborers who always move from one place to another place for working and earning a livelihood (Jalal Uddin and Fazlay, 2020).In Africa, it had been affirmed that the restriction on laborers movement during the lockdown situation for COVID-19 adversely affected the supply cycle of livestock.South Sudan, Sudan, Zimbabwe had also been resisted for this reason (Blanke, 2020).Additionally, infected workers became isolated during the pandemic period that created a miserable situation.Some were not able to cross the border for high restrictions.The circumstance restricted seasonal, domestic, and migrant laborers to work and diverted them into a severe shortage in production centers (Hein, 2020).For social and family safety, many workers quitted their jobs.For example, in France including Egypt, Italy, Jordan, and Tunisia, staff shortages were commonly caused by quarantine in the slaughterhouses (Hashem et al., 2020).In the USA and Canada, the reduction of working people in meat processing plants was also a great headache.Pork and beef production was stopped at around 20% and 10% respectively due to the spilling of staff (Hashem et al., 2020).In Europe, the availability of labor was a concern in the supply chain of food.The restricted movement reduced the workers' availability from the farm, warehouses to transport and retail.Moreover, the inclined transportation cost affected the labor-intensive services e.g., milk powder production in the dairy industry.The lack of seasonal and cross-border labor in the livestock sector was also a negative factor (Research and Market, 2020).In Austria, their meat industry was dependent on a European workforce that had been impeding.Not only that, the dairy industry having a lower number of drivers had been suffering from disruptions in the distribution of milk and milk products (Hashem et al., 2020).

Animal production
The coronavirus had largely affected global livestock production including beef, dairy, and poultry.In the beef industry, beef production was put down the production of 1.36 MMT from 2019 to 2020 in which the world beef production in 2020 was 60.28 MMT (Beef2Live, 2020).The most beef-producing countries are the US, Brazil, and the European Union (EU) which produced approximately 12, 10, and 7 million metric tons of meat, respectively, in 2021 (Katharina, 2021).
From the table, it is figured out that the beef production in the USA, Brazil, and EU was comparatively less hampered.Though beef production was affected by restricted supply chain, illness of workers and slow production in the USA, public-health precautions taken by later summer in 2020 reduced the COVID-19 cases at meatpackaging industries and had turned towards normalcy (Joseph and Joseph, 2021).
In Brazil, the COVID cases among the beef industries were the most concerning issues.To battle the COVID-19 virus in the meat plants, the Brazilian companies reached an agreement with the prosecutors for conducting systematic and ongoing testing of the workers to keep operation and reduce the spread (Ana, 2020).In European Union, the meat sectors adjusted the COVID-19 situation remarkably well.The disruptions of labor, supply chain and feed production had been improved, particularly in beef industry through ensuring the health measures and free-movement of goods and labors in European union countries (Short-Term Outlook, 2020).Numerous changes had appeared from the attack of COVID-19 in the dairy industry.All of the business was working and running from home, having on the mask to visit the grocery but all of these changes had major negative outcomes in the sectors of milk production (Liz, 2020).In Asia, the milk yield was predicted to 362 ×10 6 tonnes in 2020 and upped 2% by years, for the expansions in China, Japan, India, Turkey, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Korea.In China, farm production and efficiency were improved and their production growth in 2020 was about 3.3%.In japan, milk production was stable due to the support of the government during the period of COVID-19.India's dairy sector flourished their production to 195 ×10 6 tonnes, an increase of 2.1% as a result of the improvement of cow numbers and feedstuff availability.Even, during the lockdown of COVID-19, the cooperatives of villages assisted in the collection of milk and quality assurance.

Figure-3: Fluctuation of dairy products average price in COVID-19 Period for Oceania and European union (Source: FAO, 2020d)
In Turkey, the dairy output seemed higher for the efficiency in the farm operation and improvement of cattle numbers.Though Syria and Iran showed fallen production, Pakistan's dairy output was likely to improve but slowly, because of the interruption in quality and value chain.In Africa, the milk yield in 2020 increased slightly by 0.3%, forecast at 47×10 6 tonnes due to the COVID-19 interruption, market displacement, conflicts, floods, and draughts.In America and Central Caribbean, the milk production reached 19 ×10 6 tonnes, upped 1.3% in 2020.Though the output was hampered by consumer demand, the yield continued the improvement by herd genetics and modern technology.In South America, in 2020, the output was likely to 62 ×10 6 tonnes, a slight down of -0.2% due to the contraction in Colombia and Brazil.The main challenge in the dairy industry was to sustain the stability of input cost and labor.In North America, the milk output, in 2020, showed an increase of 1.6% with the production of 110 ×10 6 tonnes due to the government assistance during the crisis of COVID-19.In Europe, the growth rate of milk yield reached 229 ×10 6 tonnes, upped 1%, as a result of government support, increased herd number, and improved pasture facility.In Oceania, the dairy improvement, continuous government assistance, pasture improvements, and stable management during COVID-19 supported the expansion of dairy production, reached 31 ×10 6 tonnes, a growth of 2.2% in 2020, (FAO, 2020d).The price of dairy products started collapsing from  February 2020 and the average price was 0.87 dollars per pound annually.Even, the prices of poultry meat were high from March to April.A sudden significant decline in production in August 2020 were remarked to 44.7 billion pounds and an average annual price of 0.704 dollars per pound.The dramatic changes in prices eventuated due to the processing disruptions, demand shocks and closures of meat packaging industry in the 2 nd quarter of COVID-19 (Maples et al., 2021;Robert, 2020).
In European Union, poultry production raised its growing tendency for the increased demand at +1.6% in 2019.But in 2020, the growth rate was +1.2% and relatively lower than in 2019.The export outlined +6.7% in 2019 and +1.0% in 2020.On the other hand, in 2020, poultry imports caught negatively estimated at -0.5% than in 2019 (+1.8%).Moreover, the price was high during COVID-19 for the tight supply (Short-Term Outlook, 2020).
In Bangladesh, at the onset of coronavirus, the production of broiler dropped down from 90,000 tonnes to 25,000-27,000 tonnes monthly.Even, about 50-60 percent of poultry farms were shuttered throughout the country.Around 32-35 percent of the egg-producing industry shut down their business in the mid of the pandemic.The total loss in the poultry industry could be estimated at nearly 35.51 billion in Bangladeshi Taka until 30 April 2020 (Shawkat, 2020).
In Myanmar, about 9 percent of broiler farmers were unable to maintain their operations no longer than 3 months in August, which increased up to 31 percent in November from the 2 nd wave of coronavirus (the end of august).Besides, the layer farms were abolished from 90 percent (early June) to 83 percent (July) that remained until November 2020 (Fang et al., 2021).Therefore, all of the sectors in animal husbandry had confronted the challenge of COVID-19.

Consumer Change in psychology
The global change in the animal production industry was a consequence of the influence of COVID-19.
After the identification of COVID-19, the rumors had been spread over the people that chicken and animal meat also spread the virus, which stimulated the falling down of the requirement for the meat and chicken.The most influenced countries are the UK, USA, Italy, China, Germany, France, Spain, and India.The tendency of reducing the consumption of poultry and other meats appeared due to the inclined rate of spreading the virus.Moreover, jackfruit was the kind of replacement of mutton and chicken in the period of COVID-19.To evacuate the pandemic and rumor among people, the government of India along with the association of poultry farms arranged a Chicken Show in the state of Uttar Pradesh.Besides, the most prominent industry in animal husbandry, e.g., AZA International, Agri Beef, Dairy-Farmers of America, WH group, Nutri-Bio Solutions, Bayer Animal-Health China, Heforma GmbH, Pilgrim's Pride, New-Hope-Liuhe Co. Ltd. were affected by the COVID-19 (Research and Market, 2020).The landscape of retaining food had changed its scenario dramatically for the impact of COVID-19.
As an example, the chain of supermarkets of "Wegmans-Food-Markets" with one-hundred-three stores in Pennsylvania, New York, Virginia, New Jersey, Maryland, North Carolina, and Massachusetts were affected.Consumers changed their eating patterns.They were conscious to eat more vegetables after the pandemic.Besides, they were interested in taking their meal more at home rather than in restaurants.In statistics, before COVID-19, around 20% of the U.S people were reported to take their 90% meal at home but after COVID-19, 50% of households were eating 90% meals at their home.This kind of behavior primarily caused a challenge for the meat industry (Cyndie, 2020).

Change in behavior
Lockdown strategy had become a war as there was a hike in the price of food (Ejeromedoghene et al., 2020).COVID-19 had changed the behavior of consumers toward the consumption of meat, milk, and livestock products.Customers were concerned about prioritizing the purchase of power and stable foods and following general safety during buying farm products.Due to the less elasticity and demand of animal products during the pandemic, it caused the intense price of livestock goods rather than other staples, and consumers were inefficient to buy these for losing their jobs and income (FAO, 2020e).The COVID crisis closed down all markets and generated an imbalance situation between human consumption and animal production due to the lower demand, grown prices, and fallen selling rates (Deeh et al., 2020).
In the USA, consumers observed an elevated price of egg and meat during the scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic in March and April 2020.Specifically, the poultry, meat, and fish price index were increased by 4.3 percent sharply and the ground beef price was risen by 4%.The developed price of meats diverted the consumers to eat an alternative protein such as egg, which was the cheapest protein source.They also selected other meat cuts, comparatively cheaper than beef (Robert, 2020).In Africa, the consumers faced income insufficiency due to the closing of all institutions, vending businesses, restaurants, and other jobs opportunity, resulted losing their jobs.On the contrary, milk and meat price were highly costly and customers reduced their consumption of these products as their incomes were sensitive (Mercy, 2020).In European Union, the industry lost the consumer's demand due to the high price of meat cuts with the interruption of catering channels and food services during the COVID-19 crisis (Jane, 2020).In Indonesia, the price of beef was indicated to increase continuously and reached its peak in May.
Simultaneously, the chicken price started increasing in June and generated the potentiality to decline the consumption rate of animal products (Sutawi and Hidayati, 2020).In India, a survey on consumers reported that 75.31 percent of people experienced a surge in the price of food at the intensive period of COVID-19 that influenced 92 percent of consumers in changing their consumption behavior (Cariappa et al., 2020).In Myanmar, about 40% of rural households reduced their meat consumption in small portions frequently due to the household income cutback in the COVID-19 onset.(Lambrecht et al., 2020).Additionally, the animal products including pork and chicken seemed higher prices, observed particularly in the north and west part which triggered the consumption patterns (Bart et al., 2020).

Security
The panic characteristics of COVID-19 had a direct effect on the food system, particularly a change in the food demand-supply process and indirect influence on declining food distribution capacity, purchasing capacity, marketing, and taking up healthcare procedures.These imbalance situations had risen the disruption of livestock activities.The overview of the situation had a long-term impact on the livestock section economy by 2021 (Hashem et al., 2020).Moreover, the pandemic situation had led to a food pricing hike that was a danger to food and human nutrition safety globally.Particularly, children, aged people, and women were the vulnerable groups compromising severely during the panic behavior (Fan et al., 2020).
In the USA, around a 13.6-billion-dollar loss was expected for COVID-19 in the cattle industry.Even, in the calf-cow sector, it was predicted that around 3.7 billion dollars would be lost for a low price.Also, the value loss from breeding stock had been estimated at 4.45 billion dollars.Similarly, the about 5-billion-dollar loss was supposed in the hog industry.Therefore, it was major anxiety for the milk and meat industry (Hashem et al., 2020).
During the pandemic, the livestock industry accounted for a significant loss economically, with the indication in food security in livestock sectordependent regions.Accordingly, worldwide food security became hampered as the one-third population of the globe was under lockdown (Galanakis, 2020).The worldwide food insecurity during the lockdown situation was a horrible crisis further to the health issues.At the start of 2020, 27 million people from 35 countries were food insecure during their emergencies for the indirect and direct consequences of COVID-19.Global food network became warned of the early famine in April 2020, especially in developing countries e.g., Yemen, South Sudan, northeastern Nigeria, and Somalia (FAO, 2020f; FSNAU-FEWS NET, 2020).In the scenario, it was very urgent to find unconventional solutions and measures to control the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food security globally.The situation had indicated the frailty of the global economy including developed countries, and the increased possible risks in food insecurity.

Conclusion
An analysis of multiple effects on animal husbandry during the COVID-19 situation has been carried out in this paper.We represent a historical overview in animal production areas and food safety for humans universally.On the aspect of COVID-19 ambiance, we have pointed the emergent on making a deal with the sustainability of production systems and food chain in a frame of the worldwide mission.sub-sector of the food industry to maintain its sustainability during COVID-19.In the case of the COVID-19 situation, governments should take essential measures to reduce the virus infection that influences the worldwide food production systems.Firstly, to protect the health of human and ensure their food security, well designed and effective monitoring system can be developed in animal production systems associated with their value chain and viability.Supervision of key indicators can also facilitate in creating a proactive management system that will assist in a speedy recovery.Special arrangements of the safe logistics in infection areas, extended safety networks in society, adequate facilities in credit transfer, innovative management in labor distribution, appropriate mechanization in the farm, and diversified policy for trade management nationally and internationally are required in this circumstance.Along with, safe protocols in farm operations, enough storage facilities for livestock products, digital services in extension activities, innovative marketing systems should be undertaken to mitigate the longer-term effect of COVID-19.Moreover, nongovernment and private agencies with the coordination of different governments as well as international companies, multinational institutions, and development partners should be active together for the successful termination of the COVID-19 crisis.Serious consideration and attention are required to divert the situation into a positive power by reviving raw materials and local foods.Though, the capacity of production is unsatisfactory to keep up with population demand, the financial support from the governments with cash empowerment is important nowadays to sustain animal production and food security issues.Alternative strategies should be facilitated in all levels of production centers, human resources, transportation ways, supply chain, processing units, and marketing areas.Online selling, direct purchase from production center, green service should be applied for the benefit of consumers.
February (2020)  to May (2020) and rising then.The fluctuations of price were triggered by negative reflections from COVID-19 including market fallout, economic slowdown, port congestion, transport disruptions, and reduced internal sales in Oceania and European Union (FAO, 2020d).The outbreak of COVID-19 also created a massive challenge in the poultry industry, especially the broiler industry.The detrimental disruptions in the demand for chicken led to a standstill in the supply of chicken meat by the broiler producers.The farmers had faced a risk in the dropdown of bird's price also that brought out grower losses in a certain period.It had been reported in USDA that the production of broiler meat was forecast at 45.8 billion pounds in The pandemic act from the 1 st quarter of 2020 has emerged an unprecedented condition in primary sectors, with a catastrophic change in the local production of agricultural sectors and their derivatives of foodstuff.It's a rigorous moment in the Sharmeen Islam et al 9/12 Asian J Agric & Biol.2022(3).