Application of Blockchain Technology in e-LoA Technopreneurship Journal

LoA or Letter of Acceptance is a statement received. LoA is usually used as a statement of scholarship acceptance or even journal acceptance. In addition, the current issuance of LoA is still conventional, using paper as the access medium. This is certainly inefficient. In addition, the issuance of LoAs that can be accessed through the Platform also has certain problems. Many parties doubt the security of the LoA issued through the Platform, whether confidentiality is really maintained or not. To solve this problem, e-LoA (electronic LoA) was implemented using blockchain technology on the Technopreneurship Journal Platform. With the use of blockchain technology on this Platform, LoA data cannot be changed, duplicated or deleted. So that it can improve security and support transparency in the issuance and access of LoA. e-LoA issued through the Platform also makes it easier for parties to access and download a verified LoA.


Introduction
Letter of Acceptance or commonly referred to as LoA is a statement that has been received, this LoA is applied to the Technopreneurship Journal as a statement of receipt of a journal that has been submitted by the author. At present the LoA for managing and issuing LoA is still conventional, which requires paper as an access medium. Of course this is very ineffective and inefficient. So the e-LoA (electronic LoA) that owners can access online through the Platform is implemented, but there are many security problems when testing the system.
Based on these problems, it is necessary to use a decentralized publishing and access system for LoA. One of the technologies in implementing the verification system in a decentralized and transparent manner is blockcert. Blockcert was built using blockchain technology that provides transparency and accountability [1]. The first blockchain was introduced in 2008 by a person or group of people known as Satoshi Nakamoto. Then the following year was implemented by Nakamoto as a core component of bitcoin (bitcoin core), which is used as a public ledger blockchain for all transactions that occur in open networks [2]. In addition, the application of blockchain technology that is equipped with cryptography can guarantee the coherence of stored records as well as maintaining the confidentiality of LoA owners [3]. Based on this, e-LoA (Electronic Letter of Acceptance) was applied using blockchain technology.

BlockChain
Blockchain technology in Indonesia is currently included in the early stage (early stage) because its application is still relatively small. Even so there have been several software businesses that have collaborated with related institutions and agencies to develop this technology, they have also joined the Indonesian Blockchain Association (ABI). Great potential for industry, education, economy, health, agriculture, trade and other sectors is still very wide open [4]. But in the fields of government, health, science, literacy, culture and art.

Benefits and Advantages of Blockchain
According to Alexander Grech and Anthony in his book entitled "Blockchain in Education" the benefits and benefits obtained when implementing blockchain technology, namely [6]: 1. Self-sovereignty, for users to identify and control simultaneously the storage and management of personal data. 2. Trust (Trust), for infrastructure can provide confidence in operational transactions such as payments or certificates. 3. Transparency & Provenance, for users to conduct transactions with the knowledge of each party that has the capacity to carry out such transactions. 4. Immutability, as an archive to be written and stored permanently, without the possibility of being changed. 5. Disintermediation (elimination of intermediaries), the elimination of the need for central control authority over transaction management and archival storage. 6. Collaboration, the ability of parties to deal directly without requiring third party mediation.

Distributed Database and Decentralized System
Distributed database is a storage method where storage devices are not installed on a computer, but rather several computers. Some of these computers can be connected to a storage device or several different storage devices, which are connected through a network. This method makes the database more transparent [7].
Decentralized system is a system design that consists of several computers called nodes in a network and has the responsibility to set its own tasks to achieve the targets of the central system. Each node can have its own system and perform certain functions to contribute to the universal system (main system) [8]. Blockcert is an open standard used to publish and verify official documents designed based on blockchain technology. This digital recording is registered in the blockchain, signed in cryptography, temper-proof, and shareable. The purpose of creating a blockcert is to invite each individual to innovate in owning and sharing official documents of their own [9]. The second stage is the verification stage of the security of documents downloaded and stored by interested parties. This is to ensure information and security [10], [11] because security and privacy are important in guaranteeing and maintaining the author's trust to submit a journal to the Technopreneurship Journal [12], [13], [14], [15] , [16], [17]. The process is as follows:

Application of Blockchain Technology…
1. Only the names and emails of the authors listed in the Technopreneurship Journal article can download and store e-LoA 2. The downloader will be asked to verify via email, the verification email is only sent to the emails listed in the article on the Technopreneurship Journal Platform 3. The system verifies to the blockchain to find out the safety and accuracy of e-LoA recipients The use of blockchain technology [19], [20] in e-LoA can protect and prevent stored data from changing and duplicating data c. Autonomy Data records are distributed in a decentralized way so that the blockchain nodes have data records. Decentralized data storage reduces the risk of server downtime and data loss.