English Environment Programs at Polytechnic of National Informatics

English Environment Programs is one of method In Improving Speaking Ability At Polytechnic of National Informatics. This research aims at finding out wheather or not the use of English environment Programs improve the speaking ability. This research used Quasy experimental method with two group pre-test and post-test design. The result of the data analysis showed that the degree of freedom (df) was 43 (n1 + n2 – 2) where n1 = 30 and n2 = 15 so 30 + 15 – 2 = 43), the level of significant (α) = 0.05, the t-test value of students' speaking ability= 3.765, and the t-table value = 2.021. The t-test value is greater than the t-table value (3.765 > 2.021), this showed that there is a significant difference of improvement between the Control group and Experimental Group. It means that the Alternative Hypothesis (H1) is accepted while the Null Hypothesis (H0) rejected. Based on the result above, the researcher concluded that the using of English Environment Programs can improve the speaking ability of the second year students of Polytechnic of National Informatics


Introduction
English occupies a unique position among the language of the world. English is used more widely and by more people around the world then any other language as means of communication both internationally in every field:politics, economics and the social life.
As one of the developing countries, in order to be able to come into contact with the other countries of the world and to enter to the world arena to take a part in all sides of life; politically, socially, culturally, Indonesia needs English as a medium of international communication.
Besides the importance of English mentioned above, mastering English has also become more significant, for the improvement of human resources. Human resources is one of the factors that dominates in the over all development of Indonesia. There many effort to raise the quality of life in Indonesia, for instance education in field which are in line with the demands of the globalization era. A key issue in education today is the need for providing capable human. Therefore, mastering English is very important in perparing for this era.
In relation to the statement above the Indonesian goverment has recognized the importance of English in this country, where the history of English as a foreign language in Indonesia began long time ago, that is during the dutch occupation of the country., verhaar 1,2,3 Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University (1984:26) in Jusmawati reveals that English has been though in Indonesia since independance in 1945, and was chosen by the goverment as a language of wider communication. Sice then, English has remained one of the foreign language which is most widely learned througout the country.
The Indonesian goverment has recognized that English has a special status in the republic by declaring it to be the first foreign language in the educational system. It is taught in junior and high school as one of compulsory subjects. The objectives of English teaching in these schools are as follows: (1) to develop the ability of the students to read effectively, (2) the ability to understand spoken English, (3) the ability to write, and (4) the ability to speak.
At the tertiary level, the students will use English for (1) reading refferences, since 90% of the textbooks are written in English, (2) understanding lecturers of guest lecturers, (3) taking notes on lecturers by foreigners, (4) introducing Indonesia culture to other countries, and (5) communicating with foreigners, (ministrial decree, 1967).
When one consider the lenght of time spent in formal English learning, 6 years as VHFRQGDU\ OHYHO DQG WR \HDUV WR WHUWLDU\ OHYHO LW PLJKW EH DVVXPHG WKDW WKH OHDUQHUV ¶ mastery og English is good. But there have been many complaints from the public that English language teaching and learning has not given satisfactory result. Secondary school students and most university and college students are not proficient in English. For example, Hamid in jusmawati (2004:16) in his research found that the majority of secondary students (87,5%) have a proficiency level below 50 % of the expected overall proficiency. They also can not express themselve in simple English sentences. Yusuf (1993:42), in this research found that average achievement of the science students of senior high school to comprehend reading material is fair. This situation challenge for us to GHDO ZLWK LQ RUGHU WR LPSURYH WKH VWXGHQW ¶ DFKLHYHPHQW LQ (QJOLVK DV IRUHLJQ ODQJXDJH The unsatisfactory result of English teaching at the different levels, cannot be said to be affected by only one factor since there are many interacting factors which might be involved. In this relation, Baradja in Azadeh (2011) indentifies several factors hindering the English teaching process in secondary schooOV LQ ,QGRQHVLD WHDFKHU ¶ SURIHVVLRQDOLVP (2) number of learning hours, (3) condition learning resources center, (4) social support ( IDPLO\ DQG SHHU JURXS DQG OHDUQHUV ¶ PRWLYDWLRQ We cannot denied that the ability of the students in English relate with the teaching and learning process. In the classroom activity, it is not easy to make the students interested in the topic or materials given by the teacher and to make them participate or pay attention to class. Therefore, the teacher as a leader, manager and controller of his/her class, has a power to determine the way of study in the class. They have an important role to raise the students interest, by making more fun atmosphere and enjoyable classes that can stimulate the students to participate. ,PSURYLQJ WKH VWXGHQWV ¶ LQWHUHVW LQ FODVV LV WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW WKLQJ LI WKH WHDFKHU wants to have a good result or successful in the teaching process. Psychological factors DUH UHODWHG WR WKH VWXGHQWV ¶ LQWHUHVWV PRWLYDWLRQ DQG DWWLWXGHV )XUWKHUPRUH Hffective factors and other feelings can also occur in classroom or outside the classroom activities, such as lack of self-confidence, fear of being corrected, moral, etc. (Nur in Hamzah 2000).
Based on my observation in Polytechnic of National Informatis of Makassar, the students are very interested in Learning English through English Environment. The Activities include English Fun, No English No Service (English Day), English meeting Class, Vocabulary test and so many activities that the students do in their group or community. Therefore I am very interested to do the research about English Environment Program in learning English Specially for the second grade students at polytechnic of National Informatics.

Literature Review
There are some researcher have done some research related to English (QYLURQPHQW $]DGHK LQ KLV VWXG\ XQGHU WKH WLWOH ³7KH ,QIOXHQFH RI ,QIRUPDO Language Learning Environment (Parents and Home Environment) On The Vocabulary Lerning Strategies which has purposed to investigate ESL students VWXG\LQJ WHDFKLQJ (QJOLVK DV D VHFRQG ODQJXDJH LQ 8QLYHUVLW\ 3XWUD 0DOD\VLD´> @ This study adopted the qualitative method. The result of his research showed that WKH VWXGHQWV ¶ SDUHQWV KDG GLIIHUHQW SHUFHSWLRQV RQ WKH OHDUQLQJ RI WKH (QJOLVK language due to their education level. Besides, language teachers have an effect on the students' beliefs, behaviors, and their choice of VLSs. Other contributors are affecting the vocabulary learning strategies were classroom and peers. Second, Elizabeth Wilmer presented her research on the journal about The Influence of Learning Communities on The Interaction Levels of Development English Students [7]. The purposed of her research to determine if there was statistically significance difference in the level and type of interaction experience by learners based on course format and find the result is significance difference (P<.05) between students participating in a learning community in the level of peer interaction, the level of faculty interaction, but not on the perceived level of faculty concern, level of academic and intellectual development, and the level of institutional and goal commitment. The result of this research showed that all scales, the learning community students had a higher perceived level than the non learning communities student.

Method
This research applied a quasi-experimental design that involves two groups, experimental groups and control group. Population of this research are taken from the second grade students of Polytechnic of National Informatics. From population the researcher took sample by using cluster random sampling. For collecting research data, the researcher used interviewed and questionnaire. There are two groups sample namely Control group who implemented conventional class and Experimental group who are given treatment. All group were interviewed and the result of the data analysed by using quantitative method.

Findings
7KH GDWD VKRZHG WKH UDWH SHUFHQWDJH DQG IUHTXHQF\ RI WKH VWXGHQWV ¶ DELOLW\ LQ speaking gained from pretest and post-test. There were variant score on the table of the students pretest at Control Group . The table [33] showed that from 30 students, none of them got very good and good scores. There were 1 student classified into Average score, 21 students were classified into poor score and 8 students were classified into very poor score. Whereas at table [34] showed that the rate percentage and frequency of the students ability in speaking gained from pretest at Experimental group.there were variant score on the table of the students pretest. The table showed that from 15 students, none of them got very good and good scores. There were 3 student classified into Average score, 7 students were classified into poor score and 5 student were classified into very poor score.
In post-test the table [40] showed that the rate percentage and frequency of the VWXGHQWV ¶ DELOLW\ LQ VSHDNLQJ JDLQHG IURP SRVW-test at control group. There were variant score on the table of the students pretest. The table showed that from 30 students, none students were classified into very good, 1 student got good score, 7 students got average scores. There were 15 students classified into poor score, 7 students classified into very poor score whereas table [41] showed that the rate percentage and frequency of the VWXGHQWV ¶ DELOLW\ LQ VSHDNLQJ JDLQHG IURP SRVWWHVW DW ([SHULPHQWDO JURXS 7KHUH ZHUH YDULDQW VFRUH RQ WKH WDEOH RI WKH VWXGHQWV ¶ SRVWWHVW 7KH WDEOH VKRZHG WKDW IURP students, there were not student classified into very good score. There were 1 student classified into good score, 5 students classified into average score, 6 students were classified into poor score and 3 students of them got very poor score The improvement of students' speaking performance has interdependency correlation with the questionnaires. The finding verifies that there were same of the mean score between agree students and strongly agree students namely 35 %. There are 18 % RI QHXWUDO DQVZHU XQGHFLGHG RI GLVDJUHH VWXGHQW DQG WKHUH ¶V RQO\ % responded GLVDJUHH ¶ VWDWHPHQW

Discussion
The description of the data collected through pre-test and post-test as explained in the previous section shows that the students' ability of the experimental treatment group improves significantly. lt was supported by the mean score rate result of the students' pretest and post-test of both control group and experimental group.
In students pre-test, the mean score of experimental group is higher than the control group = 58,6667 > 40,9667.. The researcher found that the t-observed value is higher than t-table value, where t-observed is 3.765 and t -table is 2.021 at 0.05 level of significant at 43 degrees of freedom (T-observed < T-table, o = 0.05). Sig.(2 tailed) is 0,001 which is lower than 0,05. Therefore, we can conclude that two groups had difference speaking competence.
,Q &RQWURO JURXS ¶V SRVW-test, there is a significant improvement. The mean score in pre-test enhance from 33.9 to 40.97 in post test. The mean difference in paired sample test shows the number of 7.07 (40.97 ± 33.9) with the standard deviation of it 9.99. The researcher found that the t-observed value is higher than t-table value, where t observed is 3.053 and t-table is 2.045 at 0.05 level of significant at 29 degrees of freedom (T-observed > T-WDEOH . Sig.(2 tailed) was same 0.05. The comparison data between pre-test and post test LQGLFDWHV WKDW WKH PHDQ VFRUH LV VLJQLILFDQWO\ GLIIHUHQW OQ ([SHULPHQWDO JURXSVµ SRVW-test. there is also a larger improvement. The mean score in pre-test enhance from 35,20 to 58,67 in post test. The mean difference in paired sample test shows the number of 23.47 (58.67-35.20) with the standard deviation of it 9.627. The researcher found that the tobserved value is higher than t-table value, where t-observed is 9.440 and t table is 2.145 at 0.05 level of significant at 14 degrees of freedom (T-observed > T-WDEOH . 6LJ tailed) is 0,000 which is lower than 0,05.
The comparison data between pre-test and post test of experimental group indicates that mean score is significantly different. The comparison data post test of Experimental and Control indicates that eventhough both classes improved significantly, but Experimental class shows a higher significant improvement.
English Environment Program is categorized as skill orientation development. In this context, it is quite suitable to develop communication skills particularly for students. The finding of this study indicates that most of the students have high interest in learning through English Environment Program. Through the questionaire and interview it was found that 73 % of the students stated that they really got direct learning. On the other hand all students the respondents stated EEP make them speak in the classroom. This happen because they realize the meaningful experience through EEP they are very active and participate in the classroom. Some shy students stated that before they were very passive as all learning was only listening to what teachers were saying during the class.
It can not be denied that learning situation plays very significant role to make students enjoy learning. EEP makes learning English enjoyable. The finding from the questionaire showed that 73 % of the students like the Englih Environment Programs because the process of learning English becomes more dynamic since there are variety of activities done and all students do variety of roles so there is no bored in learning English. Students stated they enjoy learning to speak English and guiding skills at the same time. Doff (1988:223) stated that what ever the teacher provided in the class but if the condition is unenjoyably the learning is not fruitful.
The researcher found that most of the students (73 % ) stated that the strategies implemented in EEP eliminated psychological burdens. Morris (2006:34} stated that positive psychological condition of teaming makes the learning more effective. The steps in learning help students reduces their anxiety such as practicing in small group or in pairs so till they get success in mastering the conversation then act in front of the people.. The finding shows that most of the students themselves stated that through activities done they are 'not afraid of speaking because body movement or acting can help them to smothen their communication. Generally students get nervous to speak English because the teacher suddenly just appoints them to carry out a conversation before leading them to master it first.

Conclusion
Based on the findings and discussion of the research result, it can be concluded that the used of English Environment Program significantly improve speaking ability of the second year students of Polytechnic of National Informatics . It is proved by t test value, and also (QJOLVK (QYLURQPHQW 3URJUDP (IIHFW WKH VWXGHQWV ¶ PRWLYDWLRQ LQ OHDUQLQJ (QJOLVK as well which is proved by the result of Questionnaires shown 73 % of students at Experimental Group chose strongly agree and agree with the English Environment Program. Therefore, the used of English Environment Program can improve the students speaking ability, so the teacher of English should be adopt that method in teaching speaking English. Polytechnic of National Informatics can use English Environment Program as a necessary program that have to be applied for all of students in campus, not only for UKM Best students.