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In vitro gas production and fermentation of dairy cow diet contaminated with glyphosate herbicide
Agriculture and Natural Resources -- formerly Kasetsart Journal (Natural Science), Volume 058, Issue 1, January - February 2024, Pages 147-154
ISSN: 2452-316X(0075-5192)
DOI: doi.org/10.34044/j.anres.2024.58.1.15
Chayapol Meeproma,*, Thiwakorn Ampapona, Sudthidol Piyadeatsoontorna, Amnuay Wattanakornsirib, Chutima Thanomsitc
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aDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
bDepartment of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand
cDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
*Corresponding author, e-mail: chayapol.me@rmuti.ac.th
Abstract
Importance of the work: Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides in Thailand. However, its residue can interfere with microbial activity. Objectives: To evaluate ruminal degradation and fermentation of microbiota measured using an in vitro gas production technique in different glyphosate-contaminated dairy cow diets. Materials & Methods: A completely randomized design was utilized for the experiment, incorporating six treatments: glyphosate levels of 0.43 mg/kg dry matter (DM), 1.05 mg/kg DM, 2.33 mg/kg DM, 2.98 mg/kg DM, 4.77 mg/kg DM, and 5.54 mg/kg DM in the dairy cow diet. Each treatment comprised five replications. An in vitro gas production technique was used for data collection at various incubation times. Results: None of the levels of glyphosate affected the accumulation of gas production at 8 hr, 12 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr incubation. However, glyphosate at over 2.33 mg/kg DM reduced the accumulated gas production at 72 hr incubation. The lower gas production was due to the insoluble fraction in those diet containing glyphosate at 2.98 mg/kg DM, 4.77 mg/kg DM and 5.54 mg/kg DM. There were no effects on DM degradability at all glyphosate levels at 24 hr, while at 1.05 mg/ kg DM, there was a decrease at 48 hr. Values of pH, ammonia nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid decreased when more than 2.33 mg/kg DM glyphosate were added. The higher levels of glyphosate provided greater propionic acid and butyric acid proportions at 12 hr, which were greatest in the diet at 5.54 mg/kg DM. Main finding: A dairy cow diet contaminated with glyphosate at higher than 2.33 mg/kg DM decreased the microbial activities of feed degradation, requiring more ammonia nitrogen to be used for microbial protein synthesis.
Keywords
Ammonia nitrogen, Feed degradability, Gas production, Glyphosate, Volatile fatty acids
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