Analysis of Floral Fragrance Compounds of Chimonanthus praecox with Different Floral Colors in Yunnan, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials
2.2. Plant Collection
2.3. HS-SPME Analysis
2.4. GC-MS Analysis
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Analysis on Types of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox with Different Floral Colors
3.2. Analysis of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox with Different Floral Colors
3.3. Principal Component (PC) Stacking Diagram of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox with Different Floral Colors
3.4. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox with Different Floral Colors
3.5. PC Analysis (PCA) of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox with Different Floral Colors
4. Discussion
4.1. Comparison of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox with Different Floral Colors
4.2. Comparison of Floral Fragrance Compounds of C. praecox in Different Geographical Areas
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound Category | Relative Content (%) ± SD and Type Number | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | |
Terpenes | 28.48 ± 0.37 (9) 1 | 26.04 ± 1.18 (7) | 96.65 ± 2.98 (9) | 88.15 ± 2.28 (12) |
Alcohols | 4.23 ± 0.46 (2) | 11.85 ± 0.65 (2) | 0.84 ± 0.03 (1) | 3.12 ± 0.14 (2) |
Esters | 39.88 ± 1.27 (3) | 31.90 ± 1.46 (5) | - 2 | 6.89 ± 0.54 (2) |
Phenols | 10.63 ± 0.38 (1) | 16.44 ± 0.30 (1) | - | 0.06 ± 0.02 (1) |
Aldehydes | 0.42 ± 0.03 (2) | 0.64 ± 0.13 (1) | - | - |
Aromatic hydrocarbons | - | - | 0.43 ± 0.09 (1) | 0.56 ± 0.10 (2) |
Heterocyclic | 9.88 ± 0.46 (1) | 4.86 ± 0.63 (1) | - | - |
Others | 1.22 ± 0.08 (1) | 0.87 ± 0.20 (1) | - | 0.02 ± 0.01 (1) |
Total | 94.74 ± 3.05 (19) | 92.60 ± 4.55 (18) | 97.92 ± 3.10 (11) | 98.8 ± 3.09 (20) |
Classification | Compound Name | RI 1 | Relative Content (%) ± SD | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | |||
Terpenes | Cyclooctatetraene | 850 | - 2 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | - | 0.10 ± 0.02 |
α-Thujene | 929 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | - | - | - | |
α-Pinene | 937 | 0.78 ± 0.10 | 0.80 ± 0.16 | 3.60 ± 0.27 | 1.02 ± 0.16 | |
Sabinene | 974 | - | - | - | 0.33 ± 0.06 | |
α-Phellandrene | 1005 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 4.45 ± 0.38 | - | |
β-Ocimene | 1037 | - | - | - | 71.51 ± 0.60 | |
α-Ocimene | 1047 | 24.59 ± 0.05 | 24.52 ± 0.88 | 45.09 ± 0.87 | 11.92 ± 0.94 | |
trans-β-Ocimene | 1049 | 0.85 ± 0.00 | 0.25 ± 0.01 | 18.75 ± 0.23 | 1.09 ± 0.14 | |
γ-Terpinene | 1060 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | - | - | 0.11 ± 0.03 | |
Terpinolene | 1088 | 0.15 ± 0.00 | - | - | - | |
Alloocimene | 1131 | - | - | 3.57 ± 0.18 | 0.63 ± 0.10 | |
Isoledene | 1375 | - | - | 1.61 ± 0.38 | - | |
β-Caryophyllene | 1419 | 1.30 ± 0.13 | - | 6.25 ± 0.12 | 0.71 ± 0.08 | |
Aromandendrene | 1440 | - | - | - | 0.24 ± 0.04 | |
Germacrene D | 1481 | 0.54 ± 0.04 | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 9.70 ± 0.28 | 0.25 ± 0.07 | |
Valencene | 1492 | - | 0.13 ± 0.03 | 3.63 ± 0.27 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | |
Alcohols | Benzyl alcohol | 1036 | 3.62 ± 0.33 | 8.89 ± 0.64 | 0.84 ± 0.03 | 2.95 ± 0.10 |
Cinnamyl alcohol | 1313 | 0.61 ± 0.13 | 2.96 ± 0.01 | - | 0.17 ± 0.04 | |
Esters | Benzyl acetate | 1164 | 36.85 ± 0.97 | 28.97 ± 0.97 | - | 4.49 ± 0.24 |
Methyl salicylate | 1192 | 1.72 ± 0.14 | 0.96 ± 0.14 | - | 2.40 ± 0.30 | |
Bornyl acetate | 1285 | - | 0.28 ± 0.07 | - | - | |
Methyl cinnamate | 1379 | - | 0.05 ± 0.01 | - | - | |
Cinnamyl acetate | 1445 | 1.31 ± 0.16 | 1.64 ± 0.27 | - | - | |
Phenols | Eugenol | 1357 | 10.63 ± 0.38 | 16.44 ± 0.30 | - | 0.06 ± 0.02 |
Aldehydes | Benzyaldehyde | 962 | 0.24 ± 0.00 | - | - | - |
Cinnamal dehyde | 1274 | 0.18 ± 0.03 | 0.64 ± 0.13 | - | - | |
Aromatic | p-Xylene | 865 | - | - | - | 0.40 ± 0.07 |
hydrocarbons | o-Cymene | 1022 | - | - | - | 0.16 ± 0.03 |
m-Cymene | 1023 | - | - | 0.43 ± 0.09 | - | |
Heterocyclic | Indole | 1295 | 9.88 ± 0.46 | 4.86 ± 0.63 | - | - |
Others | Phenyl-pentamethyl-disiloxane | 1157 | 1.22 ± 0.08 | 0.87 ± 0.20 | - | 0.02 ± 0.01 |
Total | 31 | 19 | 19 | 11 | 19 |
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Meng, L.; Shi, R.; Wang, Q.; Wang, S. Analysis of Floral Fragrance Compounds of Chimonanthus praecox with Different Floral Colors in Yunnan, China. Separations 2021, 8, 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations8080122
Meng L, Shi R, Wang Q, Wang S. Analysis of Floral Fragrance Compounds of Chimonanthus praecox with Different Floral Colors in Yunnan, China. Separations. 2021; 8(8):122. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations8080122
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeng, Liubei, Rui Shi, Qiong Wang, and Shu Wang. 2021. "Analysis of Floral Fragrance Compounds of Chimonanthus praecox with Different Floral Colors in Yunnan, China" Separations 8, no. 8: 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations8080122