J Appl Biomed 21:167-173, 2023 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.020

Olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) and trigeminal event-related potentials (TERPs) - a pilot study in Czech participants with normal sense of smell

Richard Holý1, 2, *, Karla Janoušková1, 2, Libor Vašina3, Eva Maute4, David Kalfeřt5, 6, Kristýna Mamiňák1, 2, Eva Augste7, Jiří Hložek1, 2, Helene Schulz2, 8, David Funda9, Jaromír Astl1, 2
1 Military University Hospital Prague, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prague, Czech Republic
2 Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
3 Military University Hospital Prague, Department of Neurology, Prague, Czech Republic
4 Maute HNO-Praxis, Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany
5 University Hospital in Motol, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Prague, Czech Republic
6 Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
7 University of Ostrava, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ostrava-Vítkovice, Czech Republic
8 Klinik für Innere Medizin, Elblandklinikum, Radebeul, Germany
9 Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Prague, Czech Republic

Introduction: In recent years, the evaluation of potential events related to olfactory events (OERPs) and trigeminal events (TERPs) has become increasingly important in the diagnosis of olfactory disorders. This technique is increasingly used in basic research and clinical practice to evaluate people suffering from olfactory disorders.

Purpose of the study: In a pilot project of the first investigations of OERPs and TERPs in the Czech Republic, we analyse the event-related potentials of the data of normosmic participants.

Methods: In the prospective study, 21 normosmic participants were enrolled for a 2-year period (5/2021-5/2023). OERPs/TERPs were recorded at the scalp vertex (electrode Pz/Cz). Odourants 2-phenylethanol/CO2 were used to selectively activate Nervus olfactorius/ Nervus trigeminus. Brain responses to olfactory/trigeminal stimuli (EEG) were recorded in 21/18 normosmic subjects.

Results: In the statistical analysis of the olfactory interval N1-P2 (age, gender), we found no statistically significant differences. In the statistical analysis of the trigeminal interval N1-P2 (age, gender) we found statistically significant differences in amplitude by gender (male amplitudes were higher than female amplitudes, p = 0.006).

Conclusion: Our pilot data can function very well as an internal guide for ongoing and future olfactory research studies. Evaluation of the presence of OERPs appears to be an important parameter for the evaluation of olfactory disorders. The absence of OERPs is a strong indicator of the presence of olfactory dysfunction.

Keywords: Evaluation of smell; Objective olfactometry; Odourants; Olfactory event-related potentials; Trigeminal event-related potentials
Grants and funding:

This study was funded by Project NU 22-09-00493 of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and by Project MO 1012 of the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. Our prospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Military University Hospital Prague – Reference Number 108/16-49/2021 (Project NU 22-09-00493) and 108/16-24/2021 (Project MO 1012). All patients signed an informed consent form.

Conflicts of interest:

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Received: October 26, 2023; Revised: November 8, 2023; Accepted: November 27, 2023; Prepublished online: December 7, 2023; Published: December 18, 2023  Show citation

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Holý R, Janoušková K, Vašina L, Maute E, Kalfeřt D, Mamiňák K, et al.. Olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) and trigeminal event-related potentials (TERPs) - a pilot study in Czech participants with normal sense of smell. J Appl Biomed. 2023;21(4):167-173. doi: 10.32725/jab.2023.020. PubMed PMID: 38112455.
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