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Article Information The comparative analysis of the essential oil composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones. roots growing wild and cultivated in the Indian Himalayan Region of Uttarakhand (India) were studied by hydrodistillation. The yield of oil extracted from Valeriana jatamansi roots VLC (Cultivated) was 0.51% and VLW (Wild) was 0.26%. A total of Twenty-six compounds represent 93.3% and 90.07% of the oil obtained from cultivated and wild plant material respectively. The major components in the extracted oil were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes viz. Patchouli alcohol (32.11-40.56%), 8-acetoxy patchouli alcohol (0.95-8.08%), α-patchoulene (4.82-5.22%), α-bulnescene (9.70-12.57%) and α-guaiene (6.28-6.62%).

Indian Valerian, Valeriana jatamansi Jones has been used as an ingredient in Indian herbal medicine.
The ancient Indian Ayurveda describe the medicinal properties of Tagar (Valeriana jatamansi) for curing various diseases like obesity, nervous disorders, epilepsy, insanity, snake poisoning and skin diseases.Today, Valeriana is still a highly respected medicinal plant described in many pharmacopoeia monographs [4].Charak Samhita, an ancient Indian medical text, describes two forms of V. wallichii distinguishable in the field alone [5].It has also been described as variable in general size of plants, but with no specific difference in other plant characters [6].The major active compounds present in Valeriana are monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and valepotriates.Among these, the valepotriates have significant The comparative analysis of the essential oil composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones.roots growing wild and cultivated in the Indian Himalayan Region of Uttarakhand (India) were studied by hydrodistillation.The yield of oil extracted from Valeriana jatamansi roots VLC (Cultivated) was 0.51% and VLW (Wild) was 0.26%.A total of Twenty-six compounds represent 93.3% and 90.07% of the oil obtained from cultivated and wild plant material respectively.The major components in the extracted oil were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes viz.Patchouli alcohol (32.11-40.56%),8-acetoxy patchouli alcohol (0.95-8.08%), α-patchoulene (4.82-5.22%),αbulnescene (9.70-12.57%)and α-guaiene (6.28-6.62%).
hypotensive properties, but the total sedative activity has also been attributed to the presence of oxygenated sesquiterpenoid constituents [7][8][9][10][11].Many chemical compounds of Valeriana species including lignoids, iridoids, valeriandoids, and valepotriates, which are used to cure a variety of illnesses, were found in the plant's roots and rhizomes.Its pharmacological properties have been assessed for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects in vitro as well as their neuroprotective, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo [12][13][14][15].Due to the vast biological actions and different chemical compositions of Valeriana species, we tried to compare the essential oil composition of wild and cultivated Valeriana jatamansi and their similarities/differences at their chemotype levels.

Extraction of oil
The underground parts of the plant (250 g each wild and cultivated) were submitted to hydrodistillation for 5 h, using a Clevenger-type apparatus, according to the European Pharmacopoeia [10].The volatile distillate was collected over anhydrous sodium sulfate and refrigerated till the time of analysis.

GC and GC-MS analysis
The oils were analyzed by using a Nucon 5765 gas chromatograph (Rtx-5 column, 30 m × 0.32 mm, FID), split ratio 1:48, N2 flow of 4 kg/cm2 and on Thermo Quest Trace GC 2000 interfaced with MAT Polaris Q Ion Trap Mass spectrometer fitted with a Rtx-5 (Restek Corp.) fused silica capillary column (30 m x 0.25 mm; 0.25 µm film coating).Analyses of essential oils and extracts were performed by following the method discussed by Mathela et al. [8].

Identification of constituents:
The essential oil was fractionated by column chromatography (CC), on silica gel CC (230-400 mesh, Merk, 600 x 25 cm column) packed with hexane, and eluted with hexane followed by gradient elution by Et2O/hexane (1-20%).The identification was done on the basis of Linear Retention Index (LRI), determined with reference to homologous series of n-alkanes (C9-C24, Polyscience Corp., Niles IL under identical experimental condition), co-injection with standard (Sigma and Aldrich), MS Library search (NIST version 2.1 and Wiley registry of mass spectral data 7th edition), by comparing with the MS literature data [11]

Conclusions
The current study's findings showed that growing circumstances associated with domesticating wild Valeriana raise the percentage of patchouli alcohol as the output of essential oils while decreasing the amount of 8-acetoxy patchouli alcohol.Patchouli alcohol has multiple biological qualities that are advantageous in a range of circumstances.These characteristics include those that are aphrodisiac, insecticidal, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and antithrombotic.Numerous products, such as soap, body lotions, fragrances, detergents, and cosmetics, are made using these qualities.The primary characteristic of this mutation was a significant increase in patchouli alcohol and decrease in 8-acetoxy patchouli alcohol.However, research is still being done to assess how certain environmental elements and cultural techniques affect the agronomic characteristics, phytochemical makeup, and other biological activities of the essential oil extracted from Valeriana jatamansi in oasis habitats.