Strengthening of Religious Character Education Based on School Culture in the Indonesian Secondary School

: This research aims to answer how the implementation of religious character education building based on school culture and conducted a successful program at SMAN 5 Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta 5 Public High School). This study is highly important to conduct since the religious character is an essential value in the learning process in Indonesia. The research subjects consisted of school principals, teachers, and students. Determination of the subjects carried out by purposive sampling. Data collection used interview, observation, and documentation. An interactively inductive data analysis technique performed data analysis with data reduction stages, data displays, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study showed that: 1) the implementation of religious character education building based on school culture was carried out through character building based on religious values, school climate based on religious values, extracurricular activities based on religious values, as well as building relationships between schools and the societies. 2) The impact of the strengthening program of character education produces two themes as follows: the growth of students’ religious awareness and the growth of tolerance among religious communities. The findings of this study indicated the importance of the school’s cultural base in implementing holistic religious character education programs in schools. This finding also strengthens the previous research findings, which had mentioned that the religious character is an essential character for students in a secondary school in Indonesia, and also strengthen that Indonesia’s society, in general, is religious people.


Introduction
Except for the three abovementioned research, there are still several relevant research that was conducted by Goreti and Kristiantari (2019) and Supriatiningsih (2018). Goreti and Kristiantari (2019)

Students
Religious values are the appreciation and implementation of religious teachings in daily life (Naim, 2011  2007 about religious character and religiosity also strengthened the constitution of the national education system. Chapter 1, paragraph 2, stated, "religious education is an education which prepares the students to be able to carry out the role that requires a mastery of religious teaching and/or to be a master of theology and practice their religious teachings.

Culture
Character education can be implemented through several approaches, one of which is based on school culture. PPK based school culture that is able to shape the character of students can be achieved by giving an conducive social life (Zuchdi, 2010).

Research Design
This research is qualitative research with a case study approach (Creswell, 2013). Qualitative research is research that is directed by uncovering symptoms, facts, or events systematically and accurately, concerning the nature of a particular population or region (Zuriah, 2006).

Participants
The research was carried out in SMAN 5 Yogyakarta.
The researchers chose the school because SMAN 5 Yogyakarta is one of the public schools that applies religious values with branding as an effective school.  (Creswell, 2013). Data analysis in this study was carried out through three stages; data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing/verifying conclusions (Miles & Huberman, 1994). Data analysis was initiated by conducting interview transcripts and reviewing the interview transcript results; moreover, the researchers can fully understand the data in the field (Creswell, 2008;Liamputtong, 2009). The data is presented in the form of the narrative text; furthermore, the presentation of the data will obtain clarity and will make it easier to understand what is being studied. The presentation of data in this study is with narrative text. In the presentation, excerpts from the teacher's interview results are included as illustrative examples of each theme that has been made (Fine et al., 2000;Simons, 2009 was not only started from schools, but there was a link between families, communities, and informal networks by building a shared concern to build the nation's character.
Teachers must find ways to work collaboratively and creatively with various parties, especially parents.
Corresponding to the opinion of Chong and Cheah  The relationship between the education unit and the surrounding community is demonstrated by the twoway communication established between the school and the student's family. It is in line with Brown's opinion that is not only teachers, members of the school administration are also required to support relationships among students and parents involved in many programs conducted by schools (Brown et al., 2006). The communication begins with the delivery of the vision and mission of the school related to the PPK program in meetings with parents; thus they understand the prominent role in motivating and supporting activities from the internal family.

Value Based on School Culture
The increase of two things marks the impact of PPK implementation of religious values based on school culture in SMA N 5 Yogyakarta: first, the growth of religious awareness and second, the growth of tolerance among religious society.

The Growth of Religious Awareness
One of the impacts of PPK implementation based on school culture in SMA N 5 Yogyakarta is the growth of religious awareness of the students. It is manifested in the awareness form of performing the five daily prayers, the spirit of learning to read the holy book is increasing; also, the attitude of courtesy of students is getting better. Schools use a school-based cultural approach that can shape the character of students with