COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIP IN HANDLING OF STREET CHILDREN'S PROBLEMS IN SETIAMANAH DISTRICT CENTRAL

Handling the problem of street children in Kelurahan Setiamanah has not optimally synergized with the stakeholders in handling child problem. This study aims to photograph and develop collaborative partnerships in handling the problem of street children in Kelurahan Setiamanah, Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah, Kota Cimahi with research questions, namely how the initial conditions, how the development needs, how the development design, how the implementation and development design results, and how the improvement of design development partnership collaborative. this study focuses on aspects of network structure, commitment, trust, sharing of information, sharing of accountability / responsibility and access to resources. The research method used is qualitative method with action research design. Participants in the research are community, parents and street children, and organizational board. Data collection techniques are Focus Group Discussion, interview, observation and documentation study. The result of the research shows that the use of collaborative partnership can synergize the handling of street children in Setiamanah Village with the formation of network structure with Leading sector comes from local community, Commitment made Written through agreement pledge and agreed in Forum, Accountability sharing is done according to role and capacity of stakeholders, information sharing (Formal Meeting, Infrared Meeting, whatsapp Group. Access resources (capacity building of human resources).

Indonesian program of free street children since [2011][2012][2013][2014]. Through the Ministry of Social Affairs there is also increased collaboration across ministries, institutions, local governments and the business world through Corporate Social Responsibility, as well as the community in handling street children. However, there are still many children who have not been handled by the government so the Minister Sosisal invites various parties together to support Indonesia to be free of street children in 2017(Poskotanews.com, 2016. The social minister said the highest number of street children in DKI Jakarta was 7,600 children, followed by West Java and Central Java with 5,000 children and 2,000 children in East Java (Kompas.com, 2016). West Java Province as the second highest position in Indonesia, has 106 street children in Cimahi City. Setimanah Village is one of the highest distribution areas for street children in Cimahi City, with 21 street children (DINSOSP2KBP3A, 2018). The criteria for street children consist of children who are vulnerable to work or move on the road, and children who move on the streets such as scavenging , busking, begging, working in public places on the market, malls and city parks like the square.
One of the indicated as the cause of the emergence of the phenomenon of street children is urbanization, where the problem of street children victims of economic exploitation is the majority of regional children who migrate to big cities (Ministry of Social Affairs, 2006). This causal factor is different from the characteristics of street children in Setiamanah village, where street children problems in Setiamanah Village have particularities, almost 89.5% of street children in Setiamanah Village still have a family and are native citizens of Cimahi City (Setiamanah Urban Social Workers, 2018) . Other contributing factors are the location of Setiamanah Village itself which is a strategic area that is very close to the center of the government and the economic center of Cimahi City which triggers the existence of street children. Crowded places such as markets, malls, bus terminals and public transportation, city parks, highways and train stations are the locations of street children.
The existence of street children is also caused by the lack of social control of the community towards various forms of behavior deviations from other members of the community so that concern for fellow citizens also changes (Ministry of Social Affairs, 2006). The weakness of social control is shown by the indifferent nature of the community towards the existence of street children, and even rejecting the existence of street children shelter.
The problem of street children cannot be separated from: first, the ongoing structural poverty in our society; second, the increasingly limited playground of children because of development which increasingly does not take into account the interests of the needs and protection of children; third, the increasing symptoms of economic wage needs and the opening of opportunities for children to make money on the streets; fourth, the existence of street children has been felt by the community as a form of interference (Abu Huraerah, 2006). Excavation of the issue of the cause of street children in Setiamanah Village based on the results of community consultation on October 6, 2017 when the writer practicum was caused by parenting problems and family economy that was not well-off, lack of handling services for street children because the community was not involved, lack of supervision of children and shelters street children, and the negative stigma of the community towards street children.
According to Olaf's research related to the negative impact of children taking to the streets starting from the impact of education, namely 1) disrupted learning time of street children 2) physical impact, namely neglect of children's health from parents 3) Children get abusive treatment from parents, thugs and raid officers such as pinching, beaten, slapped 4) the psychological impact of the child being intimidated by raids and thugs 5) social impacts such as violent behavior and criminal acts, promiscuity which causes children to be easily exposed to addictive substances and drugs, such as melting, drugs, free sex (Olaf Prasetya, 2016) The condition of street children in Setiamanah Village is not much different from the one described by Olaf's research that street children get harsh treatment from parents, raid officers, and the community, disruption of study time, neglect of health, namely the use of drugs to melt. The existence of street children in Cimahi City requires further handling such as the Declaration of the Minister of Social Affairs which sets the Program Towards Indonesian Street Children Free "Program Menuju Indonesia Bebas Anak Jalanan (MIBAJ)" in 2017, where street children are one of the Persons with Social Welfare Problems who need special treatment (kompas.com , November 2016). Handling street children in Setiamanah Village, Cimahi City, has experienced many interventions from various social organizations, universities, or outside communities of Setiamanah Village. The government has also carried out various interventions in addressing the problem of street children in the Setiamanah Village with routine activities of fostering parents and street children and monitoring and evaluating the existence of street children. Services carried out by organizations from outside the Setiamanah Village also often run alone and lack of coordination with the community or the government. Various efforts made by external parties from the community make the community less involved and there have been no efforts in addressing the problem of street children in the Setiamanah Village, so that they have a negative perception of the services carried out so far. The problem of street children is not enough by the government alone, but must cooperate and be supported by the participation of all elements of society. The role of the community is reinforced by Law No. 35 of 2014 article 72 concerning child protection which reads "the community participates in the protection of children, both individually and in groups". The intended participation is how to involve every element in the community in the process of identifying problems, implementing activities, and making decisions in child protection.
Based on the results of the researchers' assessment during the practicum, the need for holistic cooperation is needed by involving social organizations, communities and the government in handling street children problems. In accordance with the child's ecological system and the care continuum that all parties have a responsibility in creating a conducive environment for children's growth and development. As stated in Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection in Article 20 reads "The State, Government, Regional Government, Community, Family, and Parents or Guardians are obliged and responsible for the implementation of Child Protection". Handling street children is a shared responsibility between the community and the government, both the central, provincial, district / city governments. Responding to the need for this collaboration researchers when practicing coordinate various parties in handling street children in Setiamanah Village. Intervention activities that have been carried out during the practicum are 1) Good Parenting (good parenting) to parents of street children 2) Community Concern Movement and Street Children Movement through Collaboration 3) Friendship Futsal Match involving Children's Forum. This intervention is carried out as an effort to involve the government, the community, the business world in protecting children especially street children so that the intensity of the presence of children down to the streets can decrease. The purpose and benefits of forming partnerships in general are to achieve better results, by giving mutual benefits between parties who are partners. In a partnership both parties benefit from each other. Hafsah (2000: 54-62) suggests about the benefits that can be obtained in partnership, some of which are: 1. Partnerships can increase organizational productivity 2. Partnerships can help organizations achieve their goals more efficiently 3. Partnerships reduce the risk burden borne by the organization by dividing it 4. The partnership has a large social impact.
The results of the intervention activities with this collaboration include 1) Increased parental understanding of good parenting seen from the higher post-test results than the pretest results 2) Increased community participation and care in handling street children with the formation of partnerships 3) Fulfillment of children's rights to playing and reducing the intensity of children on the streets 4) Active Village Children Forum in activities 5) Institutions and business world that have partners have a service platform for street children and the community.
Preliminary practice refection results that the collaboration carried out by various partnerships in it has not been optimal it is shown from 1) the formation of a structured network in handling street children problems 2) lack of commitment from several parties / partners in carrying out agreed interventions 3) not yet formal partnership responsibilities 4) there are difficulties in the availability of financial resources for activities and technical implementation of activities due to the busyness of each organization.
Partnership can be interpreted as a form of partnership between two or more parties that form a cooperative relationship on the basis of agreement and a sense of mutual need in order to increase capacity and capability in a particular business field, or a specific goal, so as to obtain better results (Sulistiyani, 2017).
According to Sulistiyani (2017) there is a need for partnerships now because there will be a lot of energy savings, greater results and benefits will be achieved if the parties who have similarities do partnerships. The effectiveness of collaborative partnerships according to DeSeve in Sudarmo, (2009: 127-128) will be achieved if the following elements can be fulfilled, namely: 1. networked strucuture 2. commitment to a common purpose, 3. trust among the participants, 4. governance termasuk ( boundary and exclusivity, rules, self determination,network management 5. access to authority, 6. distributive accountability/ responsibility, 7. information sharing, 8. access to resources. Collaborative partnerships developed are expected to optimize the handling of street children problems in Setiamanah Village. Based on this background, researchers are interested in developing collaborative partnerships in addressing street children problems and completing partnership models that have been formed at the time of practicum to be refined. This research uses action research design or action research so that it can produce a partnership model in handling street children that can be applied to regions that have the same characteristics as Setiamanah Village. Research methods The research design includes how researchers plan to carry out research, including how to collect, present, and analyze data. This study uses a qualitative approach, where according to Moleong (2014: 6) qualitative research is: Research that intends to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by research subjects such as behavior, perception, motivation, actions, etc., holistically, by means of descriptions in the form of words and language, in a special natural context and by utilizing various methods scientific.
Qualitative research intends to describe phenomena related to research subjects with a natural setting. Denzin and Lincoln in Sugiyono (2014: 5) states that "qualitative research is research that uses natural settings, with the intention of interpreting the phenomena that occur and is done by involving various existing methods".
The selection of a qualitative approach aims to understand deeply about how collaborative partnerships are in handling the problem of street children in Setiamanah Village. This qualitative research method uses action research design (action research). Where this research is used because this study begins with an initial reflection on practicum activities in the hope of producing a collaborative partnership model in addressing the problems of street children in Setiamanah Village.
According to Kemmis in Nurul Zuriah (2006: 70) states that action research is: A form of self-reflective research that is collectively carried out by researchers in social situations to improve reasoning and fairness of practice and the situation in which these practices are carried out. researchers examine problems or problems with the community to improve the improvement of the capacity building model of local organizations in the handling of street children problems. So that people get rights that create justice.
Reason & Bradbury in Suwarsih Madya (2011: 11) describes action research (action research) are: A participatory, democratic process with regard to the development of practical knowledge to achieve the noble goals of humanity, based on a participatory worldview that arises in the current historical momentum. he strives to integrate actions with reflection, theory with practice, by including other parties, to find practical solutions to stifling problems, and more generally for the development of individuals with their communities. Action research seeks to find alternatives that are carried out in a participatory manner both in planning, implementing actions and evaluating. This action research always begins with preliminary research conducted by the researcher during the practicum and then evaluates the condition after the intervention when the practicum ends. This action research is expected to be able to meet the needs of the community so as to produce a better model. The action research stage starts through the activity stages as described below: 1. Initial Reflection Phase.
The initial refection results of the partnership that the collaboration carried out by various partnerships in it has not been optimal it is shown from 1) the network structure has not been formed in handling street children problems 2) lack of commitment from several parties / partners in carrying out agreed interventions 3) not yet developed formal partnership responsibilities 4) limitations on how to share information 5) there are difficulties in the availability of financial resources for activities and technical implementation of activities due to the busyness of each organization.

Need Formulation Phase.
Results Formulation of the need for the development of collaborative partnerships, namely 1) the need for network network structures and leading sectors 2) the need for written commitment 3) the need for formal accountability sharing 4) the need for formal and informal information sharing 5) the need for increased access to resources for partners. 3. Planning phase.
The planning phase of this activity is the planning stage which is carried out based on the results of the initial reflection of collaborative partnerships. This stage describes the partnership preparation phase that will be carried out by the partnership which includes the name of the program, program objectives, methods, approaches and tactics, objectives, formulation of program details, activity calendar and the role of social workers.  (2017) the main data source in qualitative research is words, and the rest of the action is additional data such as documents and others. In this connection, this type of data is divided into words and actions, written data sources, photographs and statistics which can be explained as follows: 1. Words and actions, namely the words and action characteristics of the informant whose results will be recorded for further data. Data in the form of words and actions were obtained from interviews conducted by researchers with street children, parents and families, communities and various partnerships namely the community, government, and the private sector. The selection of the main data source is done by sampling. Sampling in this case is to gather as much information as possible from a variety of trusted sources, the purpose of which is to detail the specificities in the unique context ingredients and explore information that will form the basis of the designs and theories that emerge. The selection of samples chosen by researchers is felt to provide adequate information regarding the results of partnerships felt by street children and families of street children who continue to be involved in activities carried out by this partnership. Data collection in qualitative research there were no random samples, but purposive samples (Moleong, 2017: 224). The informants in the research on the development of collaborative partnerships in handling street children problems are as follows: a. People who are familiar with the conditions and problems of street children in Setiamanah Village before the partnership (Bu L), (Bu F), (Mr SY) b. Parents and street children (RL) and street children (ST) c. Organizers of organizations that collaborate / partner in handling street children problems in Setiamanah Village (RP), (FP), (FA) 2. Written data sources, derived from documents relating to informants, such as data from families receiving assistance from the Government Network, data on regional information arranged in the Profile of Kelurahan Setiamanah and data on street children based on the Cimahi City Social Welfare System. 3. Photos, that is the results of a visual shooting that can be used as evidence of community activities in the field and informant activities. The photos collected by the researchers are photos of children's activities and the conditions of children's social life which can be used as descriptive data used to examine and analyze the problems of street children. Photographs of various activities to deal with street child problems both currently being carried out and activities carried out by various social organizations prior to this collaborative partnership. 4. Statistics, this statistical data can be used as an additional data source in providing an overview of the composition of the population based on education, and the number of street children who drop out of school as material in understanding the condition of street children in this Setiamanah Village. Statistical data is considered as additional data as a way of This data reduction is done by focusing data reduction related to aspects of network structure, commitment, trust, ways of sharing information, sharing accountability, and access to resources. Data Presentation The presentation of data with narrative text provides convenience in understanding what is happening and how to plan for further work based on what has been understood. Narrative data is also arranged in a chart or table, making it easier for readers to answer research questions related to collaborative partnerships in managing street children problems.
Conclusion drawing (Verification) is found and supported by valid and consistent evidence when the researcher returns to the field to collect data, the conclusion can be said to be a credible conclusion. The way the researcher draws conclusions is by collecting research data and then summarizing, creating a matrix, or a chart so that it is structured and integrated to be easily concluded. Thus, it can be concluded that the conclusion can answer the formulation of the problem that has been formulated, but that does not become a certainty, because the formulation of the problem in qualitative research often develops when in the field.

Discussion and Results Collaborative Partnership Development
The implementation of the refinement of collaborative partnership models is a follow-up to the findings and shortcomings in the initial model. The implementation is carried out in accordance with the intervention plan based on the activity calendar that can be interpreted as follows:

Network Structure Making
The structure of collaborative partnership networks in handling street child problems is done by meeting with collaborative partnership networks and determining who is the leading sector. Based on the results of the agreement in the forum, it is determined that the leading sector is the Siaga Sehat Village which has a role to make the community independent. In addition to the complexity of street children problems, this collaborative partnership is a form of openness of the Cimahi City Government and Setiamanah Village Government to accommodate input into the picture. the problem of street children in Setiamanah Village, because the public and the private world have a share and influence the policies concerning the protection of street children Making a Written Commitment Making of this commitment was carried out by signing a pledge of agreement on the involvement and participation of each party in handling the problem of street children in the Setiamanah Village. The signing of the pledge was witnessed by the forum participants and signed alternately. At the end of the pledge the event was read by one of the community leaders, the Chairman of RW 09 Mr Untung and ended with applause from the forum participants Accountability division In more detail kemitran in handling the problem of street children in Setiamanah Village is divided into several actors namely Government, Community, Private, and tertiary institutions. The differences in various actors that make collaborative partnerships can provide resources for handling street children problems in Setiamanah Village. The government which in this study consisted of CIMAHI City and DINSOSP2KBP3A and Setiamanah Village Government DINSOSP2KBP3A Cimahi City intervened including the guidance of parents and street children and monitoring street children regularly once a month, as well as outreach activities for street children every year. Setiamanah village acts as a source of administration and information regarding the intervention and conditions of street children in the Setiamanah village. Setiamanah Village Government through the Head of Economy, Empowerment and Social Welfare and Setiamanah Urban Village as Access to resources and permits in every collaborative partnership activity carried out.
The next actor is the community which is part of the ecology of street children which consists of LKSA Swara Peduli Cimahi, RW Siaga, Community Leaders (RT, RW), Youth Organization, Community Social Workers, Cimahi City Children's Forum, Setiamanah Village Children's Forum, FOMPA, and Pine Houses. This actor has a role in 1) provision of human resources, facilities and infrastructure 2) Implementing activities for handling street children in social activities, education, arts and sports for street children 3) Giving input in policies, pioneers and reporters in child violations.
Universities which in this case are represented by students who have a concern in handling the problem of street children in Setiamanah Village consisting of Postgraduate students of Bandung STKS namely researchers, and ITB students have a role as an agent of change, a pioneer of activists in society, scientific resources and resource practices and access. Students who are knowledge resources should contribute to the interests of society.
Students from the STKS postgraduate program are researchers as the first initiators in mobilizing the community to try and work in handling street children problems. Together with students from ITB who are the original residents of Setiamanah Urban Village participated in the activities and influenced and gave input in each meeting also had an important contribution in providing access to other resources through their networks, one of which is the financial resources that will be provided in funding children's activities street in Setiamanah Village.
The last actor is from the business world or the private sector in Setiamanah Village, it should give the company responsibility for the benefit of the community around the location of its business. The business / private world includes BNI, Cimahi Sehat Clinic, Hasana Fried Chicken. This actor does not directly contribute to going down to the field in handling street children problems, but contributing in the form of financial resources. They also give appreciation and support for every activity in handling street children problems conducted by the Forum. Make media communication more intensive Establish non-formal meetings or hospitality Building non-formal meetings or friendships is held to further familiarize collaborative partnerships that occur. This gathering was held through meetings when each activity was completed and also the agenda of Ramadhan, such as the event to open together. Communication is also carried out sometimes incidentally based on the needs of each partner.
Make the Whatsapp Group Forum Larger During this time it was done through meetings and also using social media namely gruop whatsapp only limited to groups on activity implementing teams. Based on the results of assessment and planning in the development of collaborative partnership models is to make more intensive discussions with almost all members of the organization, besides whatsapp group is created to communicate which consists of all aspects in handling the problem of street children as a place to discuss related handling and activities to be carried out. This whatsapp group was created on April 28, 2018. This Gruop Whatsapp is actively used in conveying the results of the activities that have been carried out. Increased access to resources The results of access to resources, especially human resources through capacity building for members of this organization provide understanding and knowledge of organizational members in preparing the implementation of educational activities for street children. Strengthening Street Child Handling Organizations the results of this organization strengthening activity are 1) making one perspective related to the definition of street children not only those who are on the streets all day, but there are those who are vulnerable and still have families 2) there is one perspective on the handling of street children problems that cannot be done individually, but must be jointly through collaborative partnerships 3) increased participation seen from the attendance at each meeting invitation and the willingness of each party to contribute.

Conclusion
Collaborative Partnership Research in handling the problem of street children uses an action research approach (action research). This research is a continuation of the model implemented during the practicum. This study aims to provide answers to research questions 1) how are the initial conditions of the partnership 2) what are the development needs of the partnership 3) how to plan the development of the model 4) how to implement the development of the model, and 5) refinement of the final model of the partnership.
This study provides an understanding of researchers identifying the initial conditions of the partnership that were carried out during the practicum. The initial conditions of this partnership provide an overview of the handling model carried out during the practicum and what makes the model lack.
Based on the results of the final evaluation of the initial model of the partnership, several weaknesses were found in the application, namely the lack of network structure, lack of commitment, lack of accountability, limited access to resources and limited information sharing by partners.
The results of reflection on this initial model provide an overview to researchers regarding what is needed in the development of this partnership model. This needs assessment shows that it is necessary to establish a partnership network structure, make written commitments, share accountability, expand access to resources and improve information sharing. This needs assessment is used as the basis for the development and improvement of the partnership model.
The results of the needs assessment provide an overview of planning in the development of the partnership model implemented by implementing the model's development needs. The design of this model is carried out to produce a more optimal handling of street children in the village of Setiamanah. Where based on the ecological system of children mandated by the Child Protection Act No. 35 of 2014 all parties play a role in child protection efforts, which in this case are street children The results of partnership development planning are carried out by establishing partnership network structures, making commitments, sharing responsibilities or accountability, making media communication more intensive, and increasing access to resources. The planning results are implemented in the form of the establishment of a partnership network structure with RW standby as the leading sector, commitments made by signing pledges of collective agreement, sharing of responsibilities or accountability, expanding access to resources by accessing resources or other potential, and making communication media through discussion informal and group whatsapp.
The evaluation results of the implementation of this partnership model are 1) the structure of the partnership network that has been formed can not be directly coordinated by the leading sector because it is related to the limited knowledge, the concept of handling street children problems and less intense communication with partners, 2) increased commitment shown by involvement of members of organizations and parties that are partnering in each meeting and implementation of activities in accordance with the time specified 3) increased trust shown by each engagement by the parties who are partnering 4) accountability sharing 5) enhancing the way information sharing is also demonstrated by active partners inside whatsapp group or in informal meetings. This collaborative partnership has the effect of creating synergies on the handling of street children problems. The actors involved consist of the government, community, business / private world and universities. A further impact of this partnership is to reduce the intensity of the existence of children on the road.