HOMESCHOOLING AS ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION IN THE ERA OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC

Homeschool is a structured and systematic learning activity that was initially developed in the community with an understanding that every homeschooling learning activity is carried out at home.. This study aims to find out how to implement homeschooling learning as an alternative education and to find out what factors are obstacles in homeschooling learning in the era of the covid 19 pandemic. The method used in this study isqualitative descriptive which is research that is used to describe in accordance with the reality of the situation and conditions in the field. Techniques used in data collection using interviews, observation and documentation. The results generated from research at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Paandaan, namely homeschooling is a learning activity for a child at home in full, where the learning process is responsible for the family, and if the family is unable to guide the child, the parents will call a reliable tutor in field and at home as the basis of his education. The constraint factors faced in learning homeschooling are certainly related to the cognition and psychosis of each child, including how to remember, make decisions and take responsibility. Because in its implementation, each child has their own uniqueness in terms of intelligence and various learning styles.


INTRODUCTION
In Islam, children are a gift that God gives to every human being to always be taught with kindness so that when he grows up he understands and understands what is right and wrong, and wants to do all forms of God's commands that he imposes. God gives a great gift to every parent to entrust a child, as parents should take good care of, care for, and provide the best education for their children. The family is the core of education and character building, which has an important role in helping the growth and development of their children, both physically and morally in children. According to Islam, children are born into the world in a state of purity and depend on each parent to guide them well or otherwise by destroying the sanctity of the child. 1 .
Some people think that school is the only place to take education because the school itself is an institution that provides materials and skills for students 2 . In reality, it shows that education is not standardized in the scope of the school, but family, neighbors, hometown, mosques, media and others is also said to be learning because it is able to shape the character and personality of the individual child. 3 .
In another sense, education is an activity that is able to develop all aspects of life which will run continuously. Therefore, in receiving knowledge, it is not only obtained from school 4 . In addition, many children indirectly have the potential to think clearly, creatively and have high manners. However, the situation changes drastically when children enter the world of school. Where children will be forced to study in a predetermined time with a curriculum that has a standard of graduation by completing the national exam set at school.
In education, learning innovation must be improved, given the many problems that have not been resolved, especially by conventional methods and the diversity possessed by students 5 . The reality shows that the educational process experienced at school has not been able to provide a sense of comfort and pleasure for a child in developing the interests and potential of each individual.
In the field, formal education should indeed be a place of fun learning for children 6 . However, many formal schools are dominated by wrong thinking, which turns children who are generally very creative and innovative into obedient rigid robots. However, in the end, formal school which should be a fun place to be a place full of pressure for the development of creative ideas for each individual child.
Some parents already have an alternative mindset about providing their children's education not only in formal educational institutions, but starting from the elementary school level to the top level, even though it is caused between the desired goals that are not in accordance with the expected reality. 7 . In order to achieve this success, it is necessary to have a new alternative in entrusting their children's education, especially considering the current conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially some parents believe in education at home which is called homeschooling.
Homeschooling according to the regulation of the National Education Law No. 20 of 2003 Article 1 paragraph (1) is an informal education 8 . Homeschooling itself includes an alternative education model within the institution of a school, as homeschooling has something in common with schools, including having the goal of delivering students to their best achievements. Besides that, homeschooling is currently in great demand by parents who see the current pandemic condition, which has resulted in schools being temporarily closed by the government and students being applied to study at home. Homeschooling is not an opponent for education in schools but a method of learning at home and homeschooling is not a way to prohibit students from attending formal schools, but homeschooling wants to support schools.
In homeschooling, the key word is "may", not "must". Like being able to wear a uniform, it's also okay not to wear a uniform. Even learning without books is not forbidden. Because every choice will have its own consequences, therefore in the freedom of choice it should be attached together with awareness and responsibility for the consequences of every choice made. And the challenge is to build knowledge on the basis of every action and the choices and consequences it chooses 9 .
The emergence of homeschooling is basically not only needed by students with certain learning barriers, but also needed by students in shaping the optimal growth and development of knowledge, behavior, and skills. Homeschooling itself provides opportunities for children and parents in choosing alternative educational models used in children's learning. In addition, Homeschooling can also be used as an alternative education for anyone, not only the upper and lower classes.
Homeschoolbasically nothing new for education in Indonesia. In fact, in Indonesia, homeschooling was known before the era of independence, it's just that in the past they did not use foreign words homeschooling but were known to learn independently or according to their skills. Alternative education is not only focused on homeschooling, but there are several other alternative education that can be used as an option, including selected public schools, schools for problem students, and private/independent educational institutions.
Homeschool is a learning activity for a child at home in full where the learning process is responsible for the family, and if the family is unable to guide the child, he will call a tutor who is reliable in his field and at home as the basis of his education. 10 . Moreover, seeing the current pandemic, many parents are worried about the health of their sons and daughters to be allowed to study outside the home so they are willing to provide education at home. This policy certainly has a very influential impact, especially in the world of education where this pandemic outbreak is a global outbreak that is very fast in transmission, causing death for those affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. This policy certainly gave birth to a new order that may not have existed before, one of which is in the world of education where all students learn from home. Of course, this condition is not only in Indonesia but also in parts of the country that have experienced a pattern of learning from home as a result of the impact of the transmission of the covid 19 virus. The government has also issued a circular through the Ministry of Education and Culture No. 19. 11 LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan is a private institution that is engaged in tahfidz and addresses students and parents in online learning. Of course, during the pandemic, many people were dissatisfied in providing education, especially in the Koran. LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan was founded in 2017 until now and has programs including calistuung, tahsin and tahfidz programs, let's stay and Arabic. In teaching the teacher has a special standard, which is at least 15 juz by heart. The teaching system is carried out door to door so that children can learn from home without having to go out, besides that the learning process uses the tikrar and talaqqi methods.
Starting from a background problem, the subject that will be studied in this research is homeschooling as an alternative education in the pandemic era. Especially at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan where the choice to homeschool in the pandemic era is an interesting choice to discuss and research, especially in the world of tahfidz education. So based on the basis of this research, researchers want to know the extent of homeschooling as an alternative education in the pandemic era so that in learning at home children are more diligent in learning, especially in learning the Koran, with this alternative it can be the right solution and the factors that make obstacles in homeschooling learning at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan in the era of the covid 19 pandemic.

METHODS
In this study, the naturalistic concept is carried out, namely what happens where the research is the most acceptable measure of data. While this research has a qualitative descriptive research category, namely research that is used to describe in accordance with the reality of the situation and conditions in the field related to homeshcooling as an alternative education in the pandemic era in the case study at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan. The purpose of this study using qualitative descriptive research is to be able to describe in detail about the 10  subject of homeshcooling research as an alternative education in the pandemic era in a case study at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan 12 .
Observation is the most important technique and is the first thing done by researchers in conducting research at a predetermined location. Meanwhile, during the interview, Zidni Ilman was the coach who taught at LPTQ. The interview was conducted using an interview guide containing the main questions to be asked to the supervisor at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan.
The documentation used is a supporting technique that is needed by researchers in recording the results obtained when researching in the field related to the homeschooling learning process as an alternative education in the pandemic era. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions 13 .

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Homeschooling
In terminology Homeschooling can be interpreted as "home schooling". In the English dictionary homeschooling is a form of the verb, homeschooling is to instruct a pupil, for example) in an educational program outside of established schools, especially in the home. Or another word that describes in language is homeschooling. Some argue that home education and home-based learning/home-based education.
Homeschooling is a structured and systematic learning activity that initially developed in the community with an understanding because every homeschooling learning activity is carried out at home. Actually finding the right understanding of homeschooling is not easy. Basically homeschooling according to Cambridge Dictionaries Online (2015) is "the teaching of children at home, usually by parents". Terminology according to the word is "education for children carried out at home, especially educators are parents". According to statutory regulations No. 20 of 2003 article 1 paragraph (1) regarding Sikdisknas, namely informal education, one of which is homeschooling which is carried out at home by the family independently with programmed and structured rules so that it is recognized as equal to formal education.
While homeschooling according to Sumardiono, is a conscious effort in providing education carried out by families where parents are responsible for their children's education by using the house, mosque and the environment around the house as a place or educational base. This means that parents involve themselves in determining the direction and goals of education, the values to be developed, are responsible and play a direct role in determining the process of organizing learning formation and determining curriculum and materials, intelligence and skills, as well as learning methods and practices. 14 .
This kind of education has been exemplified in Islamic education, where the main and first madrasa for a child is the mother. thinking at that time was the liberation of ways of thinking as developed through formal education in institutions. Since then homeschooling continues to roll from time to time and many want to make it happen. So that formal schools began to be criticized by the community because they tend to be stagnant. Especially when education is used as a project after the capitalization of education. Similarly, education observers assess regular (formal) education is not much better than homeschooling. So the development of homeschooling at that time began to expand and was in great demand by education observers. Until a study in 1996 on homeschool children with a growth of 15% every year. In Europe and Asia the growth of homeschooling has expanded and its existence continues to grow. In Indonesia, homeschooling existed before the independence period. It's just that in the past, the term homeschooling was not used, but it was known to learn independently or according to the skills possessed. This is evident from educational leaders or even the father of education whose success was obtained without going through formal education, namely Mr. KI. Beat Dewantara. In 2005, homeschooling in Indonesia began to bloom. With the emergence of various kinds of schools (formal education) that are not evenly distributed in each region, homeschooling is an anticipation and alternative path of education for the community.

Miscellaneous Homeschool
According to the kind, homeschooling is divided into three, namely homeschooling compound, single and community homeschooling.
Compound homeschooling: That is homeschooling whose implementation is carried out by two or more families and consists of the two families. While the main activities are still carried out by their respective parents. There are various things that can be discussed by several families in carrying out activities together. For example, sports activities, art/music, social, or religious activities.
Advisor: Done by the family, who is at home alone. Excess: A place in the socialization of students in gaining broader knowledge. Weakness: Relatively rarely encountered a problem during the activity. Challenge 1) Pay attention to the flexibility of the schedule, atmosphere, facilities, and certain activities and need to be compromised 2) Requires the presence of parents and needs to be an expert in a certain field 3) In the process of identity formation, with various special skills or activities, children must be able to accept the environment around them and differences with the wider surrounding community.

Single Homeschooling
It is carried out by every parent in carrying out learning in a family environment without involving or collaborating with others. UsuallyThis type of homeschooling has basic reasons that cannot be known or discussed with other homeschooling communities. Another reason is related to distance and time that does not allow connecting with other homeschooling communities.
Advisor: It could be father or mother, or both. However, if both work, there must be someone else who is trusted to guide their child, can manage the child's activities, be it a relative, aunt, uncle, grandmother, or other family members.
Excess: Children can learn and gain knowledge anytime, anywhere, and with anyone according to the child's needs.
Lack: If children only do learning homeschooling at home (not collaborating with other homeschooling communities) is feared to affect the ability to get along or socialize with the surrounding community. On the other hand, children are unable or do not have the ability to compete with those around them.
Challenge: Places to ask questions, get support, share, and compare success in learning are hard to come by.

Community Homeschooling
This kind of thing is a collaboration of several Homeschooling is compounded in determining and compiling teaching materials and making syllabus. Including arranging an activity (theater, language, and sports), supporting facilities and infrastructure and a schedule that has been provided.
Advisor: Usually parents or teachers are able to become the main facilitators for the continuity of children's learning activities and if they are able to bring in a mentor who feels capable 15 .
Excess: There are field activities facilities such as work environment, natural laboratory, library, sports and arts facilities to support better learning activities.
Lack: It is feared that the existence of this community can match formal schools, because it is structured and scheduled, such as holding an agenda of activities maybe twice a week or so on. 16 .
Challenge: In the process of identity formation, special skills or special activities are needed for children so that children must be able to accept other environments and various kinds of differences with the wider surrounding community.

Legal basis Homeschool
In accordance with the National Education System Law No. 20 of 2003 article 1 paragraph (1) homeschooling has obtained a strong legal basis and a guaranteed position in the national education system. With the increasing clarity of the homeschooling program in carrying out its functions and objectives as informal education, homeschooling is included in the National Education System Law.
Based on the goals and functions of national education, namely a conscious effort to develop the potential talents and skills possessed by students so that they become the best human beings and always have faith and fear of God Almighty, and have noble character in noble, knowledgeable, capable , creative, and become a democratic and responsible citizen. While the purpose of national education itself is to shape every development and regulate the emotionality of students and socialize so as to create a nation and state that is in accordance with existing ethics in order to educate the life of the nation.
On the basis of these functions and objectives, homeschooling is regulated according to the National Education System Law No. 20 of 2003 Article 27 by calling it informal education, namely the activity of receiving educational knowledge taught by every family who is at home and the environment for learning activities carried out independently (paragraph 1 ). The results of education in formal or non-formal education are recognized equally after students are able to complete their education in accordance with existing educational competency standards (paragraph 2). However, as stated in paragraph 2, it regulates in more detail the provisions for the recognition of the results of informal education.
Homeschool has a strong philosophical basis to be held for every citizen of Indonesia. This is written in the mandate which states that in any case that educates the Indonesian nation, the Republic of Indonesia is obliged to protect it. In addition to the philosophical basis, you can also use a sociological basis, that this homeschooling education activity has existed since before the Dutch colonial era and the Indonesian people have carried it out, for example Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Agus Salim. They show that homeschooling has an active role and contributes a lot in educating the nation's students.

Implementation System Homeschool
There are several things related to the curriculum implementation system Homeschooling, namely: Homeschooling is a flexible education. The formulation of the curriculum is left to the family. Tailored to the needs and interests and talents of children. However, a penchant for learning and good morals are things that must be applied universally to every individual child 17 . Fun is the key to learning. It was found by Jeannette Vos and Gordon Dryden about learning to be strengthened if the learning is carried out individually and the most appropriate may be carried out in the home environment. Vos and his friends argue that learning will be more effective when the learning is carried out in a pleasant state. Things like this can be achieved if a teacher and students in carrying out teaching and learning activities are both in a happy state 18 .
Homeschooling is an informal education held at home with a programmed system. Programmed here means that the curriculum applied refers to the curriculum set by the State and is implemented systematically. The curriculum that has been regulated by the Government in accordance with Number 19 of 2005 is used as the foundation for the formation of a curriculum that is a reference in homeschooling. It is stated in Article 6 which reads that: The curriculum for general, special, and vocational education at the primary and secondary education levels consists of: 1) Group of religious education lessons and noble character. 2) Science and technology education lesson group. 3) Civics and Pancasila personality education group.. 4) Aesthetics and art class. 4. Group of physical lessons, sports, and health.
The curriculum in the form of formal religious education is structured into several appropriate subjects and is determined on the basis and objectives of each religious education.
As for obtaining domestic learning outcomes, it can be obtained by registering children in one of the communities homeschooling such as "virtual Islamic boarding school Al Madinah" or the nearest homeschooling institution.

Understanding Islamic Education
Education according to language in general has the same meaning as conventional education, but what makes the difference in this writing is the word "Islam", this word refers to a certain meaning and anatomy in Islamic education from general education. What's the difference?
According to Marimba, education is a conscious guidance that is carried out by each student's physical and spiritual growth in order to form the main personality by the teacher. Meanwhile, according to the interpretation of education is an effort made by a teacher to each student to achieve a maximum development in accordance with the needs. There are various kinds of efforts and methods, including teaching knowledge and skills to students which are then developed by the teacher. It could also be by setting an example for students with good attitude and good words, this is also an effort in educating children.

Basic Islamic Education
The main basis of Islamic education is the Al-Quran and As-Sunnah because in both texts there are various sources of value that educators can give to their students. As stated in the Qur'an, Allah explains that He will raise the degree of every person who has knowledge to several levels. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says in the Qur'an: Meaning: Allah will exalt those who believe among you and those who are given knowledge by several degrees. And Allah is Knowing of what you do 19 .
The contents of the verse indicate that there are knowledgeable people or referred to as educators and people who seek knowledge or are called students. Because science and technology are growing, the Qur'an as a source of knowledge value must also be developed in accordance with the times so that students become individuals who are faithful, devoted, have good character, advanced, and independent. While the second law or life guide after the Qur'an is the Sunnah, namely as the basis of education in accordance with Islam. The Prophet himself once said "My Lord educated me with a noble education". Abdullah said that in the word "Rabb" there is one of the many implicit meanings which include "Educating and Nurturing". 20 .
System homeschooling in Indonesia for Muslims has a very strong basis which is seen from the attention of the Prophet sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam in one of his hadiths: "Parents who educate their children are better than one mud alms".

Islamic Education System in Indonesia
At first the entry of Islam to Indonesia was through trade carried out by the Arab community by teaching various Islamic values. They even teach Islamic values by providing examples and role models as taught by Rasulullah and his companions. For example, they are polite, honest in every action, friendly, please help, and so on. What they apply in their actions is the application of a value contained in the Qur'an and As Sunnah and this form of education is contained in the legislation on the National Education System Number 20 of 2003 and is referred to as informal education. Now informal education itself is better known by the community ashomeschooling.
Mosques and surau are the early era of people being educated by traders with Islamic teachings through which Islam began to develop and then a boarding school was established. At first, the purpose of the pesantren was to educate children to be smart and have religious insight, then the surrounding community also joined in learning together with the kyai, because each student's house which was relatively far away they were willing to stay overnight and then set up a pesantren. Seeing this understanding, the homeschooling system is a little no different from the initial conditions for the formation of a boarding school where the education process for their children is carried out at home.

Homeschooling as an alternative learning in the pandemic era
Homeschoolis a learning activity for a child at home in full where the learning process is responsible for the family, and if the family is unable to guide the child, the parents will call a tutor who is reliable in his field and at home as the basis of his education. In addition, in the homeschooling learning process, of course, every parent has an important role in determining the material to be studied by children, especially choosing the appropriate method for their child.Of course homeschooling, not all people have heard of it, let alone make it an alternative learning option. homeschooling itself is a program offered by institutions or foundations, and the practice of homeschooling like this is of course still few in number. With From the impact of the transmission of the covid 19 virus, the Government issued a circular through the Ministry of Education and Culture No. 04 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for the implementation of learning from home in the emergency period of the spread of covid 19. the emergence of a pandemic and the application of school solutions in the form of online learning which has made some parents practice homeschooling even though it is still in its literal sense, namely schooling at home 21 .
LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan is a private institution that is engaged in tahfidz and addresses students and parents in online learning. Of course, during the pandemic, many people were dissatisfied in providing education, especially in the Koran. LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan was founded in 2017 until now and has programs including calistuung, tahsin and tahfidz programs, let's stay and Arabic. Based on his education, he uses 2 systems in his learning, namely with the teacher coming to his house or the student coming to the LPTQ Zidni Ilman institution. Through these activities, it is possible to determine a learning in accordance with the existing characteristics.
The preparation of the learning program is using the tikrar and talaqqi methods where the learning is used in tahfidz learning, as well as fun learning is used for calistum learning and thematic learning. Placement duration in learning is 1 hour or 1.5 hours each time in face to face. Implementation of Learning if in one place there are two students then it is carried out alternately, namely the first student is given an assignment related to the learning material that has been memorized and the other students are under the guidance of the teacher. And if there are two teachers in the same guidance place a maximum of 2 children, then one student learns tahsin and thematic by one teacher and the other teacher guides the tahfisz of the other student.
Basically the learning process carried out by each child is through the daily activities that each of them undergoes at home, so that in the learning process it makes a process that is needed and liked by children in learning, and parents no longer need to force their children to study, it will become a right and need that every child is looking for to be more active in learning. The schedule of learning programs carried out: Factors that make obstacles in learninghomeschooling at LPTQ Zidni Ilman Pandaan in the era of the covid 19 pandemic Based on the constraints faced in learning homeschooling, of course, it is related to the cognition and psychosocial aspects of each child, including how to remember, make decisions and take responsibility. Because in its implementation, each child has their own uniqueness in terms of intelligence and various learning styles 22 . In addition, of course there are obstacles in learningHomecooling during the pandemic internally includes: 1) There are many demands from schools on student achievement when learning online so that it imposes a burden on students in learning and as parents of course the demands from the school are conveyed to teachers when children carry out mentoring at home. 2) Frequent occurrence of students' moods up and down when studying at home with the teacher/teacher.

3)
Spoiled at home because they feel that children are more active at home. 3) Guidance hours that are not in sync with online hours information impromptu from school. 4) Parents are very worried about the pandemic conditions, so it is not uncommon for someone to propose to LPTQ so that the guidance process is carried out online, similar to conditions in schools.
Of the obstacles faced, of course there are efforts carried out by the LPTQ Zidni Ilman institution to encourage and motivate each teacher, namely by holding an evaluation Nazhruna: Vol. 4 Issue 2, 2021 related to learning for one week and providing direction regarding the current obstacles and holding a seminar workshop

CONCLUSIONS
Homeschool itself includes an alternative education model within the institution of a school, as homeschooling has something in common with schools, including having the goal of delivering students to their best attainment. Homeschool is a learning activity for a child at home in full where the learning process is responsible for the family, and if the family is unable to guide the child, the parents will call a tutor who is reliable in his field and at home as the basis of his education. The constraint factors faced in learning homeschooling are certainly related to the cognition and psychosocial aspects of each child, including how to remember, make decisions and take responsibility. Because in its implementation, each child has their own uniqueness in terms of intelligence and various learning styles.