Abstract
Duplex stainless steels are extremely attractive construction materials for their usage in intense aggressive environments. They offer numerous advantages compared to the austenitic stainless steels having an excellent behavior to pitting and cavernous corrosion, and a high resistance to stress cracking corrosion in chlorides media. However, their corrosion properties are largely dependent on the microstructural factors such as: the quantitative ratio of the two phases ferrite/austenite (F/A), the presence of intermetallic compounds and the distribution of the alloying elements between the ferrite and austenite. As a result of the thermal cycles experienced by the base metal without a post-weld heat treatment, the mechanical properties are significantly different in the heat affected zone and the deposited metal compared with the properties of the base metal. The present paper highlights the effect of the post-weld solution treatment in order to restore the balance between austenite and ferrite in the welded joint areas and also to limit undesirable precipitation of secondary phases with implications for increasing the corrosion resistance.
Kurzfassung
Duplexstähle sind sehr attraktive Konstruktionswerkstoffe bei Verwendung in sehr aggressiven Umgebungen. Sie bieten verschiedene Vorteile im Vergleich zu hochlegierten austenitischen Stählen mit einem exzellenten Verhalten bezüglich Lochkorrosion und kavernenartiger Korrosion sowie eines hohen Widerstandes gegen Risskorrosion in chloridhaltigen Medien. Dennoch hängen ihre Korrosionseigenschaften sehr von mikrostrukturellen Faktoren ab, wie zum Beispiel die quantitativen Anteile der beiden Phasen Ferrit/Austenit (F/A), die Anwesenheit von intermetallischen Phasen und die Verteilung der Legierungselemente zwischen Ferrit und Austenit. Als Folge der thermischen Zyklen, die der Grundwerkstoff erfährt, sind die mechanischen Eigenschaften in der Wärmeeinflusszone und dem Schweißgut ohne eine Wärmenachbehandlung signifikant verschieden im Vergleich zu den Eigenschaften des Grundwerkstoffes. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen des Lösungsglühens zur Wiederherstellung der Balance von Ferrit und Austenit in der Schweißverbindung sowie zur Eingrenzung unerwünschter Ausscheidungen sekundärer Phasen hervorgehoben, und zwar mit dem Ziel der Verbesserung des Korrosionswiderstandes.
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