In this paper, I reveal the transformation of space in the hot-springs town with public bathhouses, in the modern times, by examining about Yamanaka hot-springs town with public bathhouses located in its main area as a case study. This hot-springs town had prospered since Edo period. Villagers were able to take a bath freely in the public bathhouses. So the public bath has the publicness and regional characteristics. In this paper, I focus on the custom about using the hot-springs since Edo period, and the changes related the social and the rights to the hot-springs, and a great fire happened in 1931, and urban recontruction plans after that.