Abstract
Using the morphology of natural and synthetic diamond crystals as an example, the mechanisms of their growth of dislocation (spiral), non-dislocation (two-dimensional nucleation), normal (fibrous), and block (adhesive) character have been demonstrated. These mechanisms can be clearly seen in the morphological and microtopographic features of diamond polyhedra and xenocrystals. Growth occurs by the dislocation and normal mechanisms for most natural diamond crystals and the dislocation and two-dimensional nucleation mechanisms for synthetic diamond crystals.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Kaminsky, F.V., Non-kimberlitic diamondiferous igneous rocks: 25 years on, J. Geol. Soc. India, 2007, vol. 69, no 3, pp. 557–575.
Lian, D. and Yang, J., Ophiolite-hosted diamond: A new window for probing carbon cycling in the deep mantle, Engineering, 2019, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 406–420.
Dilek, Y. and Yang, J.S., Ophiolites, diamonds, and ultrahigh-pressure minerals: New discoveries and concepts on upper mantle petrogenesis, Lithosphere, 2018, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 3–13.
Gordeev, E.I., Silaev, V.I., Karpov, G.A., Anikin, L.P., Vasil’ev, E.A., and Sukharev, A.E., The history of the discovery and nature of diamonds in the volcanic rocks of Kamchatka, Vestn. Perm. Gos. Univ., Geol., 2019, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 307–331.
Litasov, K.D., Kagi, H., Voropaev, S.A., Hirata, T., Ohfuji, H., Ishibashi, H., Makino, Y., Bekker, T.B., Sevastyanov, V.S., Afanasiev, V.P., and Pokhilenko, N.P., Comparison of enigmatic diamonds from the Tolbachik arc volcano (Kamchatka) and Tibetan ophiolites: Assessing the role of contamination by synthetic materials, Gondwana Res., 2019, vol. 75, pp. 16–27.
Pokhilenko, N.P., Shumilova, T.G., Afanas’ev, V.P., and Litasov, K.D., Diamonds in the Kamchatka Peninsula (Tolbachik and Avacha volcanoes): Natural origin or contamination, Russ. Geol. Geophys., 2019, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 463–472.
Bezrukov, G.N., Butusov, V.P., and Samoilovich, M.I., Sinteticheskii almaz (Synthetic Diamond), Moscow: Nedra, 1976.
Kvasnytsya, V.M., Kvasnytsya, I.V., and Gurnenko, I.V., Features of the morphology of CVD diamond crystals, Miner. Zh. (Ukraine), 2019, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 18–25.
Kvasnytsya, V.M. and Kvasnytsia, I.V., Cyclic twins of CVD diamond crystals, J. Superhard Mater., 2019, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 369–376.
Kvasnytsya, V., Wirth, R., Piazolo, S., Jacob, D.E., and Trimby, P., Surface morphology and structural types of natural impact apographitic diamonds, J. Superhard Mater., 2016, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 71–84.
Ansheles, O.M., The shape of diamond crystals depending on their atomic structure, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1955, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 1109–1112.
Ansheles, O.M., Dependence of the shape of crystals on their structure, in Rost kristallov (Growth of Crystals), Moscow: Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1957, pp. 67–73.
Kvasnytsya, V., Crystal forms of natural microdiamonds, Diamond Relat. Mater., 2013, vol. 39, pp. 89–97.
Kvasnytsya, V.M., Rare diamond microcrystals, J. Superhard Mater., 2020, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 365–370.
Kvasnytsya, V.M., Unusual nano-microcrystals of natural diamond, J. Superhard Mater., 2018, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 229–235.
Kurdyumov, A.V. and Pilyankevich, A.P., Fazovye prevrashcheniya v uglerode i nitride bora (Phase Transformations in Carbon and Boron Nitride), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1979.
Ezerskii, V.A., Metamorphism of carbonaceous substance of rocks in impact craters, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Geol.-Mineral.) Dissertation, Leningrad: Russ. Geol. Res. Inst., 1987.
Shumilova, T.G., Ulyashev, V.V., Kazakov, V.A., Isaenko, S.I., Svetov, S.A., Chazhengina, S.Yu., and Kovalchuk, N.S., Karite—diamond fossil: A new type of natural diamond, Geosci. Front., 2020, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 1163–1174.
Sunagawa, I., Growth and morphology of diamond crystals under stable and metastable conditions, J. Cryst. Growth, 1990, vol. 99, nos. 1–4, pp. 1156–1161.
Sunagawa, I., Crystals: Growth, Morphology, and Perfection, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.
Pal’yanov, Yu.N., Sokol, A.G., and Sobolev, N.V., Experimental modeling of mantle diamond-forming processes, Geol. Geofiz., 2005, vol. 46, no. 12, pp. 1290–1303.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by E. Glushachenkova
About this article
Cite this article
Kvasnytsya, V.M. Morphology of Diamond Crystals and Mechanism of Their Growth. J. Superhard Mater. 43, 75–84 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063457621020076
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063457621020076