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The Analysis of Infrared Spectra and All Spectral Bands of Kernels, Endosperm, Pericarp and the Germ of Maize Hybrids: The Identification of Orbanic Molecules with the Excited State of Functional Groups and Valence Bonds

  • PLANT GROWING, PLANT PROTECTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
  • Published:
Russian Agricultural Sciences Aims and scope

Abstract

The paper presents studies on the kernel, endosperm, pericarp and germ of high-yielding maize hybrid ZP 684 intended for extensive feeding of livestock. The modern American infrared spectroscopy method (Attenuated Total Reflectance—ATR) was applied to record ATR-spectra and observe all spectral bands (of very high, high, low and very low intensity) of kernels, endosperms, percarps and germs. According to performed studies and analyzes the following can be stated: ATR spectra of kernels, endosperm, pericarp and the germ are characterized by all their spectral bands with several parameters: the number of bands within the spectrum, intensity, kinetics and the distribution of the site of the origin of bands in the wavenumber range of 400–4000 cm–1. Spectral bands of very high and high intensity were also characterized by the all stated parameters. These spectral bands provided the identification of organic molecules, their fragments and other molecular structures. In case of spectral bands of the kernel, endosperm, pericarp and the germ of very high and high intensity, the following organic compounds can be identified: proteins, carotenoids, cellulose, lipids, carboxylic acids, ethers, amino acids, protein amides, alkanes, sugars, carbohydrates, ketones, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and amines. Spectral bands of the kernel, endosperm, pericarp and the germ of low and very low intensity were also characterized by the stated parameters, especially by the frequency of vibrations of valence bonds of functional groups of organic molecules. These spectral bands provided the occurrence of various forms of excited states of organic molecules.

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Funding

Contemporary scientific studies on biophysics and biophysical chemistry are jointly conducted in Serbia and Russia on the basis of the research project led by Professor Dr. C.N. Radenovic, Belgrade, Serbia and Professor Dr. G.V. Maksimov, Moscow, Russia. These studies are financially supported by national ministries and institutions.

These studies have been financially supported mainly by the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, and the Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade and partly by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Projects 03E211, 03E22, TR-20014, reference numbers 31028 and 31037).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, 11185, Belgrade, Serbia

    Č. N. Radenović, M. R. Mladenović & P. Ž. Jovanović

  2. Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Č. N. Radenović & D. V. Bajuk Bogdanović

  3. Faculty of Biology, Moscow State Lomonosov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    G. V. Maksimov

  4. Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State Lomonosov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    G. M. Kuramshina

Authors
  1. Č. N. Radenović
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  2. G. V. Maksimov
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  3. G. M. Kuramshina
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  4. D. V. Bajuk Bogdanović
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  5. M. R. Mladenović
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Correspondence to Č. N. Radenović or G. V. Maksimov.

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Radenović, Č.N., Maksimov, G.V., Kuramshina, G.M. et al. The Analysis of Infrared Spectra and All Spectral Bands of Kernels, Endosperm, Pericarp and the Germ of Maize Hybrids: The Identification of Orbanic Molecules with the Excited State of Functional Groups and Valence Bonds. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 49, 32–41 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367423010147

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