PERSONAL ETHICS AND TIME MANAGEMENT ON STUDENTS' LEARNING HABITS

ABSTRACK This paper aims to analyze personal ethics and time management on the study habits of students of the Islamic Religious Education Study Program (PAI), the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training (FTIK) of the Langsa State Islamic Institute (IAIN). This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. The data collection was done by using interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using data reduction techniques, narrative data presentation, conclusion drawing and data verification. The results of this study indicate that (1) students understand and practice learning ethics well in accordance with the ethical guidelines of students at IAIN Langsa, (2) students' time management in learning is divided into two, namely students who actively make daily activity schedule, plans and targets they want to achieve. achieved, while there are students who are in the inactive category in managing study time, and (3) the study habits of PAI FTIK IAIN Langsa students are classified into 2, namely 73% are active and enjoy learning alone and 27% are active and enjoy participating in group learning.

good food and helping to increase intelligence, being sane, not sleeping much and keeping rest in order to stay healthy. healthy in learning, choose good friends; and maintain a strict schedule of activities.
Some of the matters of academic ethics above, related to personal ethics that must be owned and applied, are certainly related to the behavior that is displayed personally. In addition, it is also closely related to attending lectures, carrying out learning and the ability of students to manage time to study. Where time management is a structured activity that needs to be carried out by students to prepare study plans, implement them and evaluate things that need improvement or maintain them so they need to make other plans, have good study habits and are in accordance with academic ethics because of this.one of the learning factors that comes from the individual.
Indeed, research on personal ethics and time management separately has been widely studied before. Among them are discussing from the aspect of student time management according to the applicable curriculum (Yuswardi, et.al., 2016), career management training and student personality development (Firdaus, 2017), student achievement and success (Puspitasari, 2018), and the influence of ethics on decision making (Pearl, 2016).
Observing the literature review above, it is understood that there is a void in the study, namely personal ethics and time management simultaneously with the meeting point aspect in the form of student study habits. For this reason, this study examines these aspects which are summarized in the title, "Personal Ethics and Time Management in the Study Habits of IAIN Langsa Students."

B. METHOD
This research uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological study method. The focus of the discussion in this study is about students' personal ethics and time management on the study habits of PAI students, FTIK IAIN Langsa. To obtain data, the techniques used are interviews, observation and documentation studies. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using data reduction techniques, narrative presentation of data and drawing conclusions. Test the validity of the data using triangulation techniques in the method and data sources section (Assingkily, 2021).

Student Personal Ethics
The personal ethics of students discussed in this paper are part of academic ethics regarding the ethics of people who learn, there are three, namely (1) personal ethics, (2) ethics in learning, and (3) ethics towards teachers. Regarding the first thing, namely personal ethics, where there are 10 personal ethics of students in studying (learning), including; First, cleanse the heart from bad traits and morals and avoid mistakes in faith, in order to absorb the message of knowledge from the teacher during his study (Asari, 2008). It is very important to get rid of the nature of envy and jealousy and not to elbow in the pursuit of knowledge in order to feel the blessings of the knowledge received. In this case, it is difficult for researchers to know in depth but it can be seen through the behavior that appears from students in learning.
Second, straighten the intention that seeking knowledge is carrying out Allah's commands as one of the obligations and seeking His pleasure (Asari, 2008). Seeking knowledge is an obligation for every Muslim, male and female, through knowledge a person knows something so that he knows his true self to his Lord. Demanding relevant knowledge at that time is also important, of course without leaving the sciences that are mandatory for him (Zarnuji, 2019: 37-38). A person who studies knowledge should also intend to be grateful for the favors of reason, body health and other goodness, not intending to seek worldly pleasures and honors (Asari, 2008). So, studying or learning must be felt as an obligation for each individual without having to be coerced by parents or others. However, there were students who said that although initially they were forced to because their parents and living conditions wanted a change, but in the course of their studies the students felt it was important to straighten their intentions because of the obligation to seek Allah's pleasure and if they already have knowledge and improvement in morals and charity. and worship well then surely Allah will give you a better life.
Third, respecting time, means keeping time that is not wasted and lost to do things that are not useful. Time in this case is also related to age and also the choice of a place for someone to study (Asari, 2008: 68). While you are still of age, you should continue to want to study and if you can find a place that is affordable to other places outside of your residence, you are pleased to do so so that you can really concentrate. Every time there should be priority (Asari, 2008: 137) even it is said that you should not waste time and opportunity, students of knowledge should use their study time at night when it is quiet (Asari, 2008: 139).
Regarding respect for time, students have different self-concepts, styles, ways and conveniences of learning. There are students according to their understanding of learning, who really feel that they will always learn so they don't forget what they have learned so they can get it fast, get good grades until they finish their studies quickly. There are students who have to study at night when it's quiet, there are also those who can study anytime, anywhere without any disturbance (Hayyinah, 2004). In studying, it is necessary to emphasize to students that while they are students, they should really use and spend their time to study well, in addition to finishing college on time, the knowledge gained is also a blessing and time is not wasted.
Fourth, keep it simple in any way. Especially in dressing. as well as in eating.
Maintaining simplicity in both cases as an effort to achieve concentration in learning (Asari, 2008: 70). Based on the observations of researchers, currently there are many food snacks that contain a lot of fat such as meatballs, noodles, various kinds of cakes made from flour and also sauces containing preservatives, where these snacks are a student's favorite and are sold at affordable prices even though they are not healthy and not good for people. health.
There should also be sold complementary foods that are urgent and contain lots of water and minerals and vitamins such as fresh fruits and fruit juices.
Then students must also have an understanding of how to consume food so that they are always in good health so that they can always attend lectures and are not disturbed by their learning. Regarding the dress, it may also be in accordance with the era, many students are following the current fashion trends, especially female students, some are dressed in luxurious blues skirts, with their syar'i clothes that seem luxurious even though the purchase price is affordable. There are also students who wear simple but modest clothes, for students they still look elegant, Muslim, elegant but show simplicity.
Fifth, avoid eating too much. In studying, so as not to cause drowsiness, feel heavy to move and lazy to think, you should avoid eating too much (Asari, 2008: 71-72). Try to eat before the time of hunger and stop eating before feeling full, so we will definitely eat just enough. In Zarnuji (2019: 96-97)it is also said that another way to eat less is to appreciate the benefits of eating less. Among other things, a healthy body, more awake than haram.
Furthermore, it is also important to live up to the harms that arise from eating too much, including many diseases and a weak character and if you eat too much you will be punished in the hereafter. Therefore, for people who are studying, they should eat in moderation as needed without overcrowding with a sense of satiety with the slogan eat to live and be healthy to learn, do charity and serve.
Sixth, should consume foods that cause to help increase intelligence, easily catch messages and train sharpness of thinking, and leave foods that trigger stupidity (Asari, 2008).
Students need to avoid doubtful and haram foods. However, always strive to obtain halal and good food, in order to become good flesh and blood in the body and avoid being stubborn and causing disease to hinder learning and difficult to receive knowledge. Not only from food, how to increase intelligence is also needed. Make lesson notes both when preparing to study and repeating past lessons. Memorize important things, and try to understand and also don't forget to pray to Allah (Zarnuji, 2019: 101-102). Students should be able to heed it all in doing learning.
Seventh, wara'. Points 4, 5 and 6 which have been discussed above are part of the nature of wara'. If a student wants to be sane, then the knowledge he gains is more useful because he will learn easily and get a lot of benefits (Zarnuji, 2019: 143). Including other wara' attitudes is to stay away from destroyers and people who commit immorality and people who are lazy to work (unemployed). Diligent and earnest in learning (Rasyidin, 2012: 153-154), following and doing things sunnah, asking to be prayed for by good people and also teachers and diligently repeating lessons and facing the Qibla to do so is part of the nature of wara' (Zarnuji, 2019: 145).
Many students who are studying can't wait to talk about various things even though they know little, there are others who just sit quietly as if they don't know anything. However, this does not become a measure of a person's success, whether he is too advanced or too silent, the lecturer as a teacher should also direct him to remain respectful of the teacher in attending lectures and in carrying out his studies (Sahrandi, 2017).
Eighth, maintain rest and maintain health in order to minimize sleep time. Routinely maintain body relaxation so as not to get bored in studying. Sleep for a student of knowledge is only used to rest as a goal to refresh a tired body and mind so that they can return to learning (Asari, 2008: 72). Jama'ah (1986: 117) explained that, sports such as walking can also be used to relieve boredom. Doing relaxation that is still within what is allowed in religion can also be one solution. Recreation is also important as an effort to get new energy to keep the spirit of learning, not just recreation itself. Such as nature tourism by inviting students to certain materials or also rihlah 'ilmiyyah which later when returning from these activities interconnects the material being studied. Students also choose certain places to rest while refreshing from the fatigue of studying. Some of them are sitting in the independent field of Langsa city, some are in the mangrove forest. Or while resting near the reservoir on the tarbiyah campus, some take a break at the library.
Ninth, choose friends who care about science and good behavior so that the association is maintained. In studying or studying, it is very important to maintain relationships, especially in terms of choosing friends, as Azzarnuji and Ibn Jama'ah also emphasize through it. Asari (2008: 73) convey that you should be careful in choosing friends and if you have friends who feel that they cause interference in learning, separate well with them so that learning concentration is maintained. The chosen friend should be religious, wara ', can increase perseverance in learning, intelligent, kind and likes to help.
Regarding the above, Zarnuji (2019: 145) said that people who are studying must guard themselves so as not to associate with people who talk a lot because they can steal life and waste time. There are five students who study in small groups and it seems that they are diligent in studying, obedient in worship and also maintain good relations with their lecturers.
Always complete assignments on time and have an average GPA above 3.7. There are also students who know their weaknesses and choose friends who are willing to help explain things if there is something they don't understand. As it is said that when he knows his weaknesses, he will know the power of Allah. Therefore, he will not rely on himself and his own mind, but he will put his trust in Allah and seek (the truth from Him) (Asari, 2008: 122).
Tenth, make a strict schedule of activities, determine a safe place to study and a comfortable and quiet atmosphere and conditions and away from noise so that you can really concentrate on learning (Asari, 2008: 71). Making a tight schedule is related to time management, Asari (2008) wrote what was conveyed by Ibn Jama'ah that students of knowledge need to allocate time clearly into a daily activity schedule filled with relevant activities and there are several hours used for learning. From the results of collecting students' personal documents, after the researchers read it, it appears the number of student study hours from their daily schedule documents.

Student Study Habits
Study habits must start from oneself by starting from how to follow lessons, study independently at home, study groups, how to study textbooks and be ready to face any exam / test / test. Study habits must begin to get used to self-discipline in learning. Avoid studying in a tempo and heavy learning rate when going to exams because it will interfere with learning concentration and have an effect on poor results (Setiawan, et.al., 2018). Study habits must be started early in the learner so that it becomes a complete habit in learning so that it will become entrenched in himself or his group. The study habits of students that the researchers saw in this study were independent study habits and group habits. The researcher found that the habit of studying independently was more prominent, meaning that many students did and enjoyed studying alone compared to studying in groups. But there are also students who are very happy to study in groups on the grounds that they will get new things from their friends' opinions, respect friends who speak when expressing their opinions and can also learn how to discuss in scientific forums.
There are students who prefer to study alone and do not like to participate in learning in groups for reasons, among others, not all group participants will take learning seriously. However, there are some students who determine and carry out their own study habits because students understand the meaning of learning with various meanings of learning that are conveyed in various ways in interviews, including; trying to know from those who do not know to know and what is not true to be true, learn as an effort to change behavior, add knowledge and knowledge as well as plan and implement it, familiarize yourself with good things, perfect yourself by always doing good so that learning is worth worship, maintain self-quality and maintain the quality of knowledge, learn to change the pattern and direction of life, learn to try to be better and different, learn to educate yourself to be better.
Some of the meanings of learning given by these students are also views by experts about learning theory. In humanistic theory, the purpose of learning is to humanize humans.
The learning process is considered successful if the learner understands his environment and  (Perni, 2019;Aradea & Harapan, 2019). The learning process must strive so that gradually he is able to achieve self-actualization as well as possible.
This learning theory seeks to understand learning behavior from the point of view of the perpetrator, not from the point of view of the observer. The main goal is to develop their potential, which is to help each individual to recognize himself as a unique human being and assist in realizing the potentials that exist in them. Humanistic experts see that there are two parts to the learning process, namely (1) the process of acquiring new information and (2) personalizing this information to individuals (Nast & Yarni, 2019).
There is also a behavioristic view with a paradigm that learning is very dependent on the learning/lecture material and also the lecturer (Nahar, 2016). This makes students passive in attending lectures, which will eventually lead to low or even bad study habits that lead to a low learning culture.
From this research, the researcher concludes that it is true that many students have independent study habits. Because in independent study, students are easier to practice the study plans that have been made. Among students who became informants, made study plans and targets, although there were some who did not write down the plans and targets, they still routinely followed their daily habits. By self-study independently and disciplined by following and implementing the plans and targets that have been made useful as a guide in carrying out learning and also being satisfied with the results that will be obtained later (Susilo & Khairisudin, 2010). As conveyed by Ratna & Dany (2011: 3) that students must be able to organize learning in order to create opportunities for an efficient learning process.
Actually, independence in learning will bring students to the realization that learning is their own responsibility. Students are encouraged to be responsible for all their thoughts and actions so that they do not depend on others and become individuals who are able to learn on their own and independently (Mujianto, et.al., 2016: 371).
Study plans and targets are very important for someone who is studying because the target or plan will guide and evaluate something that is being done. Here are some aspects of study habits that become a learning culture, including a. A detailed and implemented work plan, b. Work results need to be maintained in order to strengthen interest and enthusiasm for learning, c. Punctuality in learning, d. Comprehensive and partial learning, e. Organizing learning materials and f. Completion of teaching and learning programs according to needs (Nasution, et.al., 1992: 80).
Ways and circumstances that are repeated in learning, make it easy for students to understand the learning material. Alwi, et.al. (1995) something done over and over again in the same way. In the Indonesian dictionary the definition of habit is something that is usually done, habit also means a pattern for responding to situations that are learned by an individual and which he does repeatedly for the same thing (Alwi, 1995: 129). Because the intensity of repetition is high, the habit becomes permanent and is not realized by the habit owner.
The same thing was also emphasized by Wood (2013: 3) which states the frequent repetition of the response, this representation is likely to be highly accessible in the sense of being strong, stable, and distinctive. So, the habit is generally acquired through practice.
Study habits also arise because of the process of decreasing the response tendency by using repeated stimulation (Shah, 2003: 118). In the learning process, habituation also includes reducing the required behavior. Because of this process of shrinkage or reduction, a relatively permanent and automatic pattern of behavior emerges.
A relatively permanent and automatic pattern of behavior can become a permanent habit until it becomes a culture. Then the learning culture that is carried out by someone is related to learning achievement. Because the learning culture contains learning habits and ways of learning that are adopted. A good learning culture contains a determination, regularity in completing tasks and eliminating stimuli that will interfere with learning concentration (Gie, 1995: 192).
Study habits are all behaviors that are shown from time to time in the context of carrying out studies (Gie, 1995: 193). Another opinion states that study habits are a person's learning behavior that has been embedded in a relatively long time so that it provides characteristics in the learning activities he does (Aunurrahman, 2010: 185). There are also aspects that need to be considered in study habits, namely the higher a person's age, the more responsible for the learning process because habits are included so that learning discipline becomes increasingly important (Nasution, et.al., 1992: 80), as well as the higher a person's school level, the higher the need for learning.
In addition to bad habits, experts also explain the formation of good study habits, where study habits can be formed intentionally or unintentionally (Purwanto, 2007: 120-121).
Study habits can be formed through suggestions that can be made to get good study habits to become a learning culture for individuals and groups.
The study habits that the researchers managed to get from research at IAIN Langsa, besides having the habit of studying independently, there are also those who have the habit of studying in groups. Independent learning is a student's behavior in realizing his will or desire in a real way by not depending on others. Students learn independently and carry out learning tasks well and are able to carry out learning activities independently. The independent learning system in lectures really needs the independence of students. Because success in student lectures is largely determined by the students themselves, not from lecturers or other parties on campus, although systemically other parties participate in other matters related to student success. The most important thing in implementing independent learning is to determine the motivation of a student, being a student is anyone's pride and will certainly be an option for anyone (Suardana, 2012). Of course not all students can become students, due to the large amount of money sought in order to become a student.
In addition to the high cost, being a student requires strong intelligence to be able to live life as a student. To become an intellectual student, only 10% of the lecturers make the rest, the rest is the hard work of the students to be able to understand all the courses given by the lecturers. Being a student is the dream of all humans to be able to become a scholar. In addition to the prestige and demands of status in work life and social life, of course there are other things that motivate students to find it easier to find work after becoming a graduate (Suryadi & Rosiah, 2018). Although some students are well aware that there will be differences in the standard of living between educated and uneducated people. As Allah has also given a difference in some degrees to people who believe and have knowledge.
The motivation that arises in terms of independent learning will fluctuate, sometimes up and sometimes down. To be able to re-raise that motivation, what we do is to remember the original goal of being a student, thus the initial goal of becoming a scholar will return to normal (Princess, 2014). This is what students must always remember and do in maintaining a culture of independent learning. Because usually student psychology will go up and down along with the many problems faced both internally and externally.

Time Management on Student Study Habits
Another thing that can be done in self-study is to set targets from the start of entering college. This directs students to apply learning and can manage time in such a neat and orderly way so that later they can finish college on time. Thus applying learning is also very important followed by time managementthe good one. Managing study time can be done by writing down the deadline board for every plan to be implemented (Shah, 2003).
Today many students are referred to as "eternal students". The target of students in programs that should be four years can be five or even seven years (Ihsan & Zaki, 2015).
There are many factors behind it, starting from the student's laziness to follow the lecturer's advice, meeting idealistic lecturers, the inability to divide work and study time, costs, being This then makes them late with time so that it is not uncommon for researchers to meet students who have to drop out due to violating academic rules set by the campus. If this is the case, there will be more and more students who drop out in the middle of the road due to not having a target at the beginning of college (Sagita, et.al., 2017). To avoid dropping out and dropping out, the researcher considers it necessary to be introduced to student learning targets and plans during the campus introduction orientation, at that time in addition to providing an introduction to study programs and also an introduction to the library, study Based on the information from the interviews, information was obtained that some of the IAIN Langsa students felt comfortable in cafes or coffee shops, some were comfortable at home and some were comfortable in the library. There are also those who feel that cafes or coffee shops are now more functional, many scientific events are also held at coffee shops, they state that coffee shops currently have wifi available, making it easier for anyone to connect with learning activities and also looking for materials or lecture material needs of students. After the material or material is collected first, then it is read or studied. Even though today's students actually sit in the library while doing college assignments.
In student self-study, the ability to manage time is a very urgent and main requirement. Students are required to be able to map out which activities should take precedence and which ones should be prioritized. Especially for students who actively participate in campus organizations, especially campus government organizations. Students in this category, the researchers found at IAIN Langsa, from 2 student informants who were active in organizations, the researchers found 1 person who was active in campus organizations and then 1 other person was active in campus organizations but neglected to study. In the observations of researchers, students like this are usually not punctual in completing their lectures. Because he does not do time management and self-management. The above is closely related to the ability to increase self-discipline. Discipline is the main keyword in achieving success. Students who are accustomed to self-discipline will usually seem unsocial with their peers, especially following campus organizations. Improving self-discipline can be done by making a personal activity schedule. So that with the existing schedule, students are not confused in determining which one to do earlier and priority (Sari, et.al., 2017).
Another thing that students usually do in their studies apart from getting used to reading is to write a resume from learning in a course that is occupied in each semester.
Making a resume is a habit to more easily understand the substance of the learning content.
Resume that is made has an impact on writing, reading and studying. Finally, in this way, students will definitely read the important points of all courses. By making a resume, students will be able to explore all the contents of the course and broaden their understanding from various points of view.
The last thing that must be done by students in getting used to learning independently is to discuss either with friends or even with the lecturer whether the lecturer is in charge of the course or who is not the tutor in the semester. Usually with discussion, we are able to cover each other's shortcomings from one student to another. The researcher found that there were students who usually did not hesitate to meet the lecturer and then have a light discussion on the problems that often arise in almost all courses. Discussing with fellow students will also open up the horizons of thinking for other students. Because not a few students are still awkward in discussing, there are many causes ranging from lack of confidence, fear of being wrong in giving arguments or simply not having a hobby.
Applying and getting used to independent study and also getting used to group learning during the lecture period is certainly not an easy thing (Elihami, 2019). From the results of the study, the researchers found that the average student as an informant was classified as having independent study habits with various objectives. There are 2 to 3 informants who are more happy with group learning on the grounds that group learning feels more fun, adds new insights, learns to express opinions and respects friends' opinions and can also write down group learning results at a later time after studying.
It is important to know that nowadays students need to focus on lectures, be able to divide their time, improve self-discipline and always get used to learning by following various academic ethics, especially related to personal ethics (Sari, 2013). The consistency of students in carrying out all these things is a necessity that guides and directs students to