초록

This paper presents an experimental study to examine whether scrambling out of an island is (im-)possible in Korean. It is shown that scrambling out of an island may trigger occasional additive degradation in acceptability, but no super-additive degradation is obtained in leftward or rightward scrambling (or right-dislocation), contrary to wh-movement in English. Our results also show that strong islands may cause additive degradation whereas weak islands do not. The current study poses a new challenge to a processing approach to islands which solely relies on linear dependencies, and demonstrates that the role and type of island structures must be considered. Our research also suggests that a factorial-design experiment needs to be employed to examine potential interactions among scrambling, the direction of movement, and island effects in language.

키워드

scrambling, islands, leftward scrambling, rightward scrambling, right-dislocation, super-additivity, additivity

참고문헌(75)open

  1. [학술지] 안희돈 / 2015 / Right Dislocation vs. Fragment: A Reply to Ko (2014) / 생성문법연구 25 (2) : 427 ~ 446

  2. [학술지] 안희돈 / 2016 / A Uniform Analysis of Right Dislocation: A Reply to Ko (2016) / 어학연구 52 (2) : 213 ~ 245

  3. [학술지] Bošković, Ž. / 1998 / Scrambling and last resort / Linguistic Inquiry 29 : 347 ~ 366

  4. [학위논문] Cho, J. -H. / 1994 / Scrambling in Korean: Crossover, reconstruction and binding theory

  5. [단행본] Choe, H. S. / 1987 / Harvard studies in Korean linguistics 2 / Hanshin Publishing Company : 40 ~ 56

  6. [학술지] 최영식 / 2004 / Reconstruction, Weak Crossover, and Binding in Korean Scrambling: Some Theoretical Implications / 언어학 12 (2) : 185 ~ 206

  7. [단행본] Chomsky, N. / 1973 / A festschrift for Morris Halle / Holt, Rinehart, 1and Winston : 232 ~ 286

  8. [단행본] Chomsky, N. / 1986 / Barriers / MIT press

  9. [학술지] Chomsky, N. / 2013 / Problems of projection / Lingua 130 : 33 ~ 49

  10. [단행본] Chomsky, N. / 2015 / Structures, Strategies and Beyond: Studies in Honour of Adriana Belletti / John Benjamins Publishing Company : 3 ~ 16

  11. [학술지] Chomsky, N. / 1977 / Filters and control / Linguistic Inquiry 8 : 425 ~ 504

  12. [학술지] 정대호 / 2009 / An Elliptical Coordination Analysis of the Right Dislocated Construction in Korean / 언어학 17 (4) : 1 ~ 23

  13. [학술지] 정대호 / 2012 / Pre- vs. Post-verbal Asymmetries and the Syntax of Korean Right Dislocated Construction / 생성문법연구 22 (4) : 703 ~ 721

  14. [학술지] Featherston, S. / 2005 / Magnitude estimation and what it can do for your syntax: Some wh-constraints in German / Lingua 115 : 1525 ~ 1550

  15. [학술지] Gibson, E. / 1998 / Linguistic complexity : Locality of syntactic dependencies / Cognition 68 : 1 ~ 76

  16. [단행본] Gibson, E. / 2000 / Image, language, brain / MIT Press : 95 ~ 126

  17. [학술지] Hale, K. / 1982 / Preliminary remarks on configurationality / Proceedings of NELS 12 : 86 ~ 96

  18. [단행본] Hawkins, J. A. / 2004 / Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars / Oxford University Press

  19. [학위논문] Hoji, H. / 1985 / Logical Form Constraints and Configurational Structures in Japanese

  20. [학술지] Yeun-JinJung / 2002 / Scrambling, Edge Effects, and A/A'-Distinction / 언어학 10 (4)

  21. [학술지] 정연진 / 2015 / Subjacency Revisited: Is it Real or a Reflex of Performance Biases? / 언어 40 (3) : 513 ~ 544

  22. [단행본] Karimi, S. / 2005 / A Minimalist Approach to Scrambling: Evidence from Persian / Mouton de Gruyter

  23. [학위논문] Keller, F. / 2000 / Gradience in Grammar: Experimental and Computational Aspects of Degrees of Grammaticality

  24. [학술지] 김랑혜윤 / 2003 / Scrambling and Minimalist Program / 생성문법연구 13 (1) : 3 ~ 19

  25. [학술지] 김일규 / 2016 / An Experimental Study on Island Effects in Korean Relativization / 어학연구 52 (1) : 33 ~ 55

  26. [단행본] Kluender, R. / 1998 / The Limits of Syntax / Academic Press : 241 ~ 279

  27. [단행본] Kluender, R. / 2004 / WCCFL 23 / Cascadilla Press : 475 ~ 499

  28. [학술지] Kluender, R. / 1993 / Subjacency as a processing phenomenon / Language and Cognitive Processes 8 : 573 ~ 633

  29. [학술지] Ko, H. / 2007 / Asymmetries in scrambling and cyclic linearization / Linguistic Inquiry 38 : 49 ~ 83

  30. [학술지] Ko, H. / 2011 / Predication and edge effects / Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 29 : 725 ~ 778

  31. [단행본] Ko, H. / 2014 / Edges in Syntax: Scrambling and Cyclic Linearization / Oxford University Press

  32. [학술지] 고희정 / 2014 / Remarks on Right Dislocation Construction in Korean: Challenges to bi-clausal analyses / 어학연구 50 (2) : 275 ~ 310

  33. [단행본] Ko, H. / 2017 / A Pesky set: A festschrift for David Pesetsky / MIT, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy : 253 ~ 262

  34. [단행본] Ko, H. / 2018 / Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics / Oxford University Press

  35. [단행본] Ko, H. / Cambridge Handbook of Korean Language and Linguistics / Cambridge University Press

  36. [학술지] Kural, M. / 1997 / Postverbal constituents in Turkish and the linear correspondence axiom / Linguistic Inquiry 28 (3) : 498 ~ 519

  37. [학술지] Kuroda, S. -Y. / 1988 / Whether we agree or not: A comparative syntax of English and Japanese / Lingvisticae Investigationes 12 : 1 ~ 47

  38. [학술지] 권종일 / 2010 / Scrambling of Korean Embedded Clauses / 생성문법연구 20 (2) : 229 ~ 249

  39. [학술지] 이정훈 / 2009 / 韓國語 後補充 構文의 構造 / 어문연구(語文硏究) 37 (2) : 31 ~ 54

  40. [학술지] 이혜란 / 2006 / A Study on Scrambling in Korean: The Minimalist Approach / 생성문법연구 16 (3) : 425 ~ 460

  41. [학술지] 이정식 / 2008 / Notes on Right Dislocated Constructions in Korean / 언어학 16 (2) : 47 ~ 68

  42. [학술지] 이원빈 / 2003 / Argument Scrambling and Object Shift / 생성문법연구 13 (1) : 39 ~ 59

  43. [학술지] WonbinLee / 2003 / Is Scrambling EPP-driven? / 생성문법연구 13 (2) : 331 ~ 341

  44. [학술지] 이우승 / 2010 / The Architecture of Right Dislocation Constructions / 생성문법연구 20 (3) : 521 ~ 543

  45. [학위논문] Lee, Y. -S. / 1993 / Scrambling as Case-Driven Obligatory Movement

  46. [학술지] 박범식 / 2016 / Case-drop, left-branch extraction and multiplicity in the right-dislocation construction / 언어연구 33 (2) : 259 ~ 297

  47. [학술지] 박범식 / 2017 / On the Island-(In)Sensitivity in the Right-Dislocation Construction in Korean / 언어과학연구 (83) : 135 ~ 153

  48. [학술지] 박명관 / 2009 / The Syntax of Afterthoughts in Korean: Move and Delete / 언어학 17 (4) : 25 ~ 53

  49. [학위논문] Mahajan, A. K. / 1990 / The A/A'-distinction and Movement Theory

  50. [학술지] Manetta, E. / 2012 / Reconsidering rightward scrambling: postverbalconstituents in Hindi-Urdu / Linguistic Inquiry 43 : 43 ~ 74

  51. [학술지] Miyagawa, S. / 1997 / Against optional scrambling / Linguistic Inquiry 28 : 1 ~ 25

  52. [단행본] Miyagawa, S. / 2001 / Ken Hale: A Life in Language / MIT Press : 293 ~ 338

  53. [단행본] Miyagawa, S. / 2010 / Why Agree? Why Move? Unifying Agreement-Based and Discourse-Configurational Languages / MIT Press

  54. [단행본] Richards, N. / 2001 / Movement in Language: Interactions and Architecture / Oxford University Press

  55. [학위논문] Ross, J. R. / 1967 / Constraints on Variables in Syntax

  56. [학위논문] Saito, M. / 1985 / Some Asymmetries in Japanese and their Theoretical Implications

  57. [학술지] Saito, M. / 1992 / Long-distance scrambling in Japanese / Journal of East Asian Linguistics 1 : 69 ~ 118

  58. [학술지] Saito, M. / 2016 / (A) Case for labeling: Labeling in languages without ɸ-feature agreement / The Linguistic Review 33 : 129 ~ 175

  59. [학술지] Saito, M. / 1998 / Order in phrase structure and movement / Linguistic Inquiry 29 : 439 ~ 474

  60. [학술지] Sauerland, U. / 2002 / Total reconstruction, PF movement, and derivational order / Linguistic Inquiry 33 : 283 ~ 319

  61. [단행본] Seo, S. K. / 2015 / Spoken Korean Frequency Dictionary 1 – In Order of Frequency / Hankook Munhwasa

  62. [학위논문] Sprouse, J. / 2007 / A Program for Experimental Syntax

  63. [학술지] Sprouse, J. / 2012 / The differential sensitivity of acceptability judgments to processing effects / Linguistic Inquiry 39 : 686 ~ 694

  64. [학술지] Sprouse, J. / 2016 / Experimental syntax and the variatipn of island effects in English and Italian / Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 34 : 307 ~ 344

  65. [학술지] Sprouse, J. / 2011 / Reverse island effects and the backward search for a licensor in multiple wh-questions / Syntax 14 : 179 ~ 203

  66. [학술대회] Sprouse, J. / 2015 / How Gradient are Island Effects? / Poster presented at the 46th Northeast Linguistic Society

  67. [학위논문] Tada, H. / 1993 / A/A-bar Partition in Derivation

  68. [학위논문] Ura, H. / 1996 / Multiple Feature-Checking: A Theory of Grammatical Function Splitting

  69. [학위논문] Webelhuth, G. / 1989 / Syntactic Saturation Phenomena and the Modern Germanic Languages

  70. [학술지] 양동휘 / 2005 / Scrambling and Interpretive Complex / 언어학 13 (2) : 169 ~ 193

  71. [단행본] Yoon, J. / 2016 / Japanese-Korean Linguistics 23 / CSLI Publications

  72. [학술지] 윤정미 / 2013 / Undoing and Wh-Island Effects of Scrambling in Korean / 생성문법연구 23 (1) : 41 ~ 63

  73. [학술지] 윤정미 / 2015 / Constructions Sharing Similar Restrictions with MSCs in Korean and the Processing Approach to Island Effects / 생성문법연구 25 (2) : 377 ~ 411

  74. [학술지] 윤정미 / 2016 / Double Relativitization of Different Grammatical Functions in Korean / 어학연구 52 (2) : 247 ~ 282

  75. [단행본] Zubizarreta, M. L. / 1998 / Prosody, Focus and Word Order / MIT Press