BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD ON BLOOD FLOW IN STENOSED ARTERY

Around 50% of the deaths in the world are because of heart diseases. One of the heart diseases is Atherosclerosis which occurs due to stenosis in arteries. Researchers and medical practioners are working on how to reduce the reduction/fluctuations in blood flow in stenosed arteries. One of the methods under consideration is the application of magnetic field on blood flow in stenosed arteries. With limited healthcare resources, Bibliometric studies help scholars and funding agencies to focus on the research area in which more attention is needed. The main purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to find the development in blood flow in stenosed arteries and to identify potential areas for further research. This paper provides an overall picture of research carried in blood flow in stenosed arteries in the presence of applied magnetic field and, in the current century. This analysis is done using mainly Scopus database along with Google scholar, data taken from Mendeley and using some graphical tools. This survey revealed that the maximum publications are from journals and conferences and India lead the publications in this area. Blood flow and stenosis are frequently used key words and major contributions in this area are from


INTRODUCTION
Heart diseases are the deadliest diseases in both developed and developing countries. One of the main reasons of heart diseases is the reduction in blood flow to the heart and other parts through artery due to thinning of artery because of some depositions like cholesterol, fatty substances, or because of exposure to air particulate matter, in the artery, called stenosis [1]. This leads to atherosclerosis in which the nature of blood flow changes from its usual state to a disturbed flow condition [2]. The exact mechanism behind the formation of stenosis is still not known, however the problems due to this stenosis are major. As millions of people are suffering from heart ailments all over the world, it is very important to strengthen our health infrastructure to cater the need of the time. The basilar artery is one of most critical vessels that supply blood to the brain stem, cerebellum, and parts of the cerebral hemispheres [3]. It is well known that technology plays an important role in healthcare system in the current era [4]. There are several methods in place to treat stenosis. Widening the artery by inserting a stent in the artery is one of the popular and effective methods that is being used by medical practioners worldwide [5]. Researchers around the world are trying to find alternate methods to treat this life-threatening condition. The rheological behaviour of blood is complex as compared to the behaviour of simple fluids [6]. Blood behaves like an electrically conducting fluid which simultaneously exhibits magnetization property under strong magnetic field. Magnetic field causes stagnation on blood flow and hence magnetic field influence the blood flow and enhances the unsteadiness [7]. The study of blood flow in stenosed arteries has become a key research area as it is more relevant in medical field due to increase in arterial diseases and hence it is imperative to examine fluid dynamical aspects of blood flow 3 EFFECT OF APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD ON BLOOD FLOW IN STENOSED ARTERY through a stenosed artery for the fundamental understanding of circulatory disorders [8]. This research is being taken up mainly in two different areas, Medicine and Engineering. In medical field, specialists are trying to find other suitable methods to treat the condition, one of them is by applying magnetic field practically. But a very few attempts/trials have been made in this regard as high risk is involved in all these processes to test/implement the ideas practically. In this case, science and engineering fields plays a vital role in verifying the results theoretically with the help of mathematical model. A mathematical model is a set of higher order differential equations constituted based on the physics behind the problem. With advancement in computer simulation, it is not difficult to find the solution to the problem and validate. In this way, medical and engineering fields go together to get some important results which will help in treating heart ailments.
A bibliometric survey performed using SCI database understand the basic situation and summarize the research status in the field of artificial blood vessels [9]. With limited health care resources, bibliometric studies can guide researchers and funding agencies towards areas where reallocation or increase in research activity is warranted [10]. The relations from the Bibliometric are borrowed to establish links between publications and citation relations [11]. Open access and paid access are two categories to access the publication databases [12]. These publications can be accessed through affiliated university library portals or by getting the access to individual databases. Also, various popular methods are available to retrieve data from required databases such as Clarivate, Scopus, Mendeley, SCImago, DBLP, Science Direct, Research gate and Google Scholar etc. Scopus is undoubtedly one of the biggest databases of peer reviewed journals consists of several millions of publications covering almost all field of Science, Engineering, Technology, Medicine, Social sciences, Arts, and Humanities [13]. PubMed focuses mainly on biomedical disciplines and life sciences, whereas Web of Science and Scopus are multidisciplinary [14]. With thousands of publishers and peer reviewed journals, Scopus database plays a very important role in research.
This Bibliometric study is based on publicly available data in Scopus, google scholar and Mendeley, mainly from Scopus.
The objective of this paper is to give with structured information facilitating more detailed analysis as well as additional research questions. The purpose of the study is to give a broad structured and statistical review of the research done and going on in this field.

PRELIMINARY DATA COLLECTION
This paper considers the Scopus database as the main source.

Essential key words
The search is performed using the key words, "Blood flow" and "Stenosis" and "Magnetic field" and "Artery" in articles. Initial crucial results show that there are 1193 publications in the current century till the end of 2020. However, when we use the same key words for the same period in titles and abstracts then we get only 106 papers which is quite a small number as compared to the progress in this research area. Still, the author feels that the number of publications is less as compared to other research topics, keeping in mind the importance of this study.

Publication trend per year
Here, for the analysis, we have taken data of last 20 years, i.e., from 2001 to 2020. However, if we check the publications in the last century, i.e., till the end of 2000, the publication count is 131 which is very less as compared to the publications in the last 20 years. In the last 20 years also, number of publications is considerably low in the first decade (217) as compared to the second decade (976), i.e., within a span of 10 years, the number of publications has increased more than four times. It shows the evolved research in the concerned area in the last decade. The year wise trend of publications in this area is as follows.

Publication according to language
There are papers in several languages, namely, English, Chinese, French, etc. But publications in English language rules publications in other languages. The below table gives us the number of publications in different languages.

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
This bibliometric analysis is done based on type of research papers, geographic region, and citation etc. Statistical analysis is carried out to complete the analysis about affiliation, author, source, funding agencies and journal, etc. to name a few.

Publication types
It is known that there are different types of publications on each research topic, namely journal article, review article, book chapters, conference proceedings, etc. in which journal articles are having high preference. Out of 1193 articles, 954 are from journals. This is 78.29% of the total publications in this area which shows strong correlation of quality of research. Table 3 give more detailed statistics about the type of publications and the graphical representation follows.

Primary keywords statistics
Keywords play significant role in searching the publications in any database. Although the author has used only 4 key words -Stenosis, Magnetic field, Blood flow and Artery, as per the Scopus database, it is observed that there are many other keywords associated with this topic, to name a few, Human, Hemodynamic, Magnetic resonance imaging, etc. Below is a screenshot from Scopus to ascertain the same.  Ellahi, R.

Author statistics
Around 300  Also, Table 4 gives the list of authors who have minimum 10 publications in this field.   The below pi chart represents the contribution of all 157 journals. This is just to give a view of widespread coverage of research publication in so many different journals.  Technology-India in order. The above graph shows the contribution of top 10 funding sponsors. It is observed from the data that, funding is adequately less for this topic by keeping in mind the application of the topic in real life situation. There is no doubt that the quality and quantity of research will be improved drastically with the help of financial sponsorship.

CONFINES OF THE PRESENT STUDY AND RESEARCH GAPS
The present study analyses mainly the publications in Scopus database. There are other big databases such as WOS, SCI, etc which we have not considered in this study. Further using Scopus database, we could not study the citation analysis of these 1193 publications which is one more important point in establishing the importance of research topic and quality of research work although we have done the citation analysis of the journals in which the papers related in this area are published. This work can be extended by taking the publications from another popular database of science, medicine, and engineering, WOS, so that we get more details about all the parameters which we have discussed in the present study. It will be very beneficial and handy for researchers and doctors if we include papers from PubMed as this research go hand in hand with medical field, and it is observed that many good publications are available in PubMed database. Comparative analysis is one more means to get the best statistical results by comparing the publications from different databases related to the said research topic.

CONCLUSIVE SUMMARY AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
This paper gives a broad visualisation of the status of research in blood flow in stenosed arteries.
Number of publications are significantly increasing year by year which shows more and more research is going on in this area and many young researchers contributing their bit to this area.
Maximum papers are in the year 2020 and expecting more in the years to come as per the trend.
Findings shows that English is the only language which is/can be used in communicating the research output in this topic to the other researchers and medical practitioners. Dominance of Asian researchers is evident from the statistics and 56% of the published research is sponsored by funding agencies. The results also shows a yearly trend in the number of publications in journals and also the citation analysis of these journals.
It is also found from the study that a significant part of research is theory based. As this topic has applications in Medicine and Engineering, it is very important to test/validate the theoretical results with experiments and experimental data. Also, we are in dearth need of survey data for validation as the data related to this area is sensitive and data privacy is an issue in collecting the data. Hence, it is very important for researchers to collaborate with hospitals, government agencies and fellow researchers, so that there won't be any issue in collecting the data and hence for validation of results.

CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
The author(s) declare that there is no conflict of interest.