Soul Dimension and Antithesis of Ibnu Sina ’ s Reincarnation

Ibn Sina, the father of early modern medicine, had an unusual psychological concept. He has a different concept about the soul and reincarnation from the other physician. This study examines Ibn Sina's concept of the soul and his views on reincarnation. The research is based on literature data and uses qualitative methods. The results showed that Ibn Sina divided the human soul into three parts: plant, animal, and human. The human soul is eternal. That is, the soul does not decay after death, after separation from the body. The soul lives on in its realm. After death, the soul does not need a new body for its activities. Therefore, there is no reincarnation for the soul, and Ibn Sina disagrees with the concept of soul reincarnation by Aristotle.


INTRODUCTION
The concept of the soul or al-Nafs is important to discuss because the soul is an eternity, even if it leaves the human body.(Al-Ahwana, 2009).Some Muslim philosophers also give their opinion about the interpretation of the word "nafs" such as al-Farabi, al-Kindi, Ibn Sina, and al-Ghazali, with the meaning "the initial perfection for the physical which is natural, mechanistic and has an energetic life" (Reza, 2014).It is also explained (Al-Ahwana, 2009) that a dead body with an eternal soul that remains does look for a new body as a replacement.So, the human soul does not experience reincarnation.This statement was also strengthened in research (Andi & Muhammad, 2020) which cited Al-Kindi's statement that al-Nafs is a spiritual substance, so its relationship with the body is accidental.the body when it experiences death.
Soul or nafs in Al Munawwir's dictionary translates linguistically into soul or self (AW & Fairuz, 2007).Ibnu Sina interprets the word as an important concept to understand because he underlines his statement that someone who knows himself (his soul) will know his God.(Al-Ahwana, 2009).Several journals also explain the concept of the soul.The soul is an important part of moving the human body.The nafs also have a role in the thinking process and understanding the reality that produces knowledge and shapes one's perspective on life (Reza, 2014); (Suprapto, 2017); (Hermansyah, 2017); (Arroisi, J, 2020).
Third is the concepts of Ibn Sina's philosophy (Ardiansyah, 2020):(Hadi Suprapto, 2017): (Parlaungan et al., 2021); (Hermansyah, 2017).The fourth is Ibn Sina in the medical field (Ardiansyah, 2020):(Hadi Suprapto, 2017): (Parlaungan et al., 2021); (Hermansyah, 2017).This research aims to find the soul concept according to "Eternity of the Soul and Antithesis of Reincarnation" according to Ibn Sina.The researcher assumes that the human soul is like the shadow of the human body.It exists with the body's existence, but its death can not destroy it.That statement also agrees with Ibn Sina's thought about the soul's immortality.The immortality of this soul does not exceed the immortality of the Almighty.
The soul has a body to form a self-existence.Meanwhile, God doesn't need it because the existence of His creature reflects His power.Then, the antithesis of reincarnation is the impossibility of the soul having two bodies as its existence.

Vol. 25 No. 2 Oktober 2022
The object of research in this study is "the immortality of the soul and the antithesis of reincarnation based on Ibn Sina's perspective."This research examines the concept of the soul's immortality according to Ibn Sina and Ibn Sina's antithesis from various sources of information.The researchers examined primary and secondary data sources.The primary data source is Ibn Sina's work on the immortality of the soul and the antithesis of reincarnation.Then, the secondary data is in the form of books, magazines, newspapers, notes, and various kinds of reports related to this theme.The data sources of this research are scientific media such as books, journals, or scientific articles.Then, data sourced from reports or seminar conclusions, scientific discussion notes, and writings from government agencies or other institutions can also be a source for research data on literature studies (Sari & Asmendri, 2018).This research was conducted by collecting, reading, and recording important information related to the research theme from books, journals, book sections, and internet data (Sari, 2020).
The research method used by researchers is literature study or library research (Fatha Pringgar & Sujatmiko, 2020).Library research is a series of activities related to library data collection methods, such as reading, recording, and processing materials (Mestika Zed, 2008).The data obtained is then analyzed by matching and linking several reading sources that have been collected.The researcher also filters the information by comparing historical literature, then concludes based on the current theme (Sukmana, 2021).The analysis used in this study is description and selection.This analysis is a systematic effort to study the research subject matter by selecting or describing the components collected into parts of the analysis (Zed, 2008).

Soul Dimension
Hamka has a similar argument with al-Kindi about the soul.Al-Kindi explained annafs an-nathiqah or the rational soul.He explained that this soul comes from God's light (nur) and is equipped with memories.However, Hamka focuses more on the reason for ma'rifatullah, namely knowing God, obeying His commands, and refraining from disobeying God.Meanwhile, al-Kindi has a slightly more negative explanation because, according to him, the soul does not feel calm in the world because there are needs that must be fulfilled as human beings (Hafiz, 2019).Freud divided it into three parts: The idea of the conscious mind, the pre-conscious mind, and the unconscious mind, which become an essential part (Ahmed, 2017).
If we already understand the meaning of the soul or find it difficult to understand.
Here the structure of the soul will help to explain its meaning of the soul.So it will be much easier to understand.For Ibn Sina, the soul has three potential structures: natural, animal, and rational (Hafiz, 2019).The rational soul is a special soul possessed by humans (Kharisma Noor Latifatul Mahmudah, 2020).The function of the rational soul is to distinguish between beautiful and ugly, good and evil, and should and should not.

Soul Immortal Concept
The soul's immortality is drawn from the soul structure or concept.Its eternality does not form it because the soul is not reincarnated.The rational soul possessed by humans is a divine emission.The soul does not die because of the body's death, whereas usually, everything that is damaged is due to the damage of something else.Everything related to something else in a relationship can be due to several things: 1.His relationship with something is equal in existence, 2. His relationship with something is a relationship that appears later in terms of existence, 3. His relationship with something is a relationship that comes first in terms of existence, which existed before in terms of essence.(Al-Ahwana, 2009).
From the time point of view, the relationship between the soul and the body is an equal relationship that is an essential matter for him, not an accidental one.If the relationship between soul and body arises later in existence, the body is the cause of the soul's presence.There are four causes: 1.The body becomes an active cause for the soul by giving it existence, 2. The body is the tendencies of the soul through pluralism, such as elements for the body, or singleness, such as copper for statues, 3. The body is a formal cause, 4. The body is a complementary cause (Al-Ahwana, 2009).The immortality of the soul ignites the discernment of its simplicity.There is a commitment to soul simplicity, which presupposes the view that reduces the degree of consciousness without a part of the extracted soul (Falkenstein, 1998).
This material can experience two things: It is continuously divided, but this is impossible, and something which is the essence and substance is not in vain.So it is clear that each of these things is and is the origin, not about a combination and something else.
It does not contain action for eternity and potential for decay according to analogy in essence (Mohd Akib & Syed Muhsin, 2019).If there is potential for decay in it, it is impossible to have eternity.If there is an eternity in it, then there is no potential for decay.
In proving the soul's immortality, Ibn Sina puts forward three propositions; 1. Dalil of alinfisal (proof of separation).The combination of soul and body is accidental, both have their substance, and if the body dies or decays, the soul remains and is eternal.While the body depends on the soul to live. 2. Dalil of al-basathah (proof of breadth).The soul is a substance (jauhar) vast spiritual.With his vastness, he is always alive and not dead.
Therefore the soul is also called Jauhar Basith (permanently live).3. Dalil of al-musyabahah (proof of equality).This dalil is metaphysical.According to the philosophy of emanation, the human soul is sourced from fa'al reason (tenth mind) as the giver of all forms.Because ten reasons is an essence that thinks, is azali and eternal, the soul as its ma'lul (effect) will also be eternal as its 'illat (cause) (Mubassyirah, 2020).

Antithesis of Reincarnation
It has been explained that the soul's creation is multiplied by the readiness of one body and not by two bodies.Is it for one or two bodies apart from the number of the soul?
The more important is how our souls form after death.This is because the separation of the soul from the body raises a complicated question, is that resurrection occurs?After being separated from the body, does the soul have a purely spiritual form?Philosophers, especially peripatetic philosophers, believe that in spiritual awakening, the soul is spiritual after the soul and body are separated.It is impossible to be resurrected with the body because it results in reincarnation.(Supriatna, 2020).
The human soul is different from the souls of other creatures, such as animals and trees.The human soul is like the universe, or the universe itself, because what is hidden and constantly moving and rotating is only a soul controlled by the spirit (Supriatna, 2020).In the post-death state of the absurdity of reincarnation, Ibnu Sina state that bodily ma'âd cannot be determined rationally.It is not because he does not believe in the existence of physical ma'âd, but instead, he believes in physical ma'âd, but to be able to determine it, this can be done through the verses and narrations, not through reason (Al-Ahwana, 2009).Ibn Sina's interpretation relates to physical ma'âd and the soul exploring various material pleasures in the afterlife.So it cannot be said accurately that the material body