Effectiveness of Information Technology Utilization

Information technology allows offices to manage information and communication more effectively and efficiently. By using information technology, offices can optimize the data management process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of information technology in employees of PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar, and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors for the effectiveness of the use of information technology in employees of PT. Midi Utama Indonesia TBk Makassar. This research uses a qualitative method, therefore in order to achieve a research objective, data collection techniques are used, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants of this research were 5 employees of PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar. The results of this study show that the effectiveness of the use of information technology in employees of PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar can be seen from the indicators that hardware, software and brainware are "effective". It can be seen from the aspect that the hardware that uses a computer is adequate with good quality so that it is very helpful for employees in supporting office activities. From the aspect of software used to process data, including processing, compiling, and storing data, it is quite flexible in supporting the work in the office, one of the applications used is a spreadsheet data processing application that produces relevant, accurate and timely information. From the human aspect (brainware) of human resources in the office of PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar stated that the technology component is very important in carrying out the development of the use of information technology and all the devices that have been provided. The supporting factors of information technology are information systems that utilize information technology to facilitate the management of various forms of facilities and infrastructure as well as information technology that makes it easier for employees to carry out their individual needs, while the factors that hinder the use of information technology are several problems that are often faced including high dependence on information technology, incompatibility with business processes, regulatory readiness, procedures, and limitations of human resources, information technology is often not supported by an effective management system and work process, as well as limited human resources.


INTRODUCTION
Information technology can be defined as a series of formal procedures in which data is collected, processed into information, and distributed to users.Information technology is a collection of human resources and equipment, designed to transform data as well as process other data.Information technology has also changed the way people work, producing, coordinating, thinking and great changes have occurred through the use of information technology in various business systems and organizations (Graesch et al., 2021;Jamaluddin et al., 2021;Niswaty et al., 2021).
Information technology is a collection of resources and equipment, designed to transform data as well as process other data.Information technology can also process data into information that can be used in the decision-making process and also control company assets so that business people can implement the right strategies in their companies and can compete with other companies, information technology has a huge influence on various aspects of people's lives because it is already part of people's lives.Human resources are a supporting factor that greatly affects an institution.Human resources and institutions have a unit that needs each other, although various automatic tools have been invented until now there has never been an institution that carries out its duties without the help of human resources (Darwis et al., 2022;Saleh et al., 2024;Wahid et al., 2024).The leadership of a company wants its employees to always work optimally and work in accordance with the company's targets (Ismayani et al., 2015;Niswaty et al., 2019;Rifdan et al., 2022).
The rapidly changing business environment is largely due to the invention and implementation of information technology.The presence of information technology has made the world increasingly unfamiliar with borders between countries and other countries (Casais & Veloso, 2024;Figueiredo et al., 2021;Khan et al., 2022).In this case, information technology has caused the boundaries of market organizations and employees to shorten the limitations of space and time.With these changes, the organizational structure and culture are also adjusted to increase effectiveness and efficiency in every existing business process, which will ultimately result in a new organizational structure that is more effective and efficient.
Various aspects of human life have been influenced by the development of information and communication technology, in addition to information and communication technology, can encourage a new era of human civilization from the industrial era to the information era.As stated in the Law Number 11 of 2008 Concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, that everyone has the right to advance their thinking and abilities in the field of use and utilization of information and communication technology as optimally as possible and can be held accountable.Therefore, every employee has the right to utilize and use information and communication technology.The use of information and communication technology today has become an inseparable part of human life.
Based on the initial observations made, it was found that the technology used in the company rarely updates (upgrades) the lotus123 application, which functions to create reports, graphs, and databases unless their system is completely unusable so that the use of outdated technology can be detrimental to the business and the company, computers whose systems are outdated cannot meet the demands of computing activities that continue to grow and develop, This means that businesses can lose valuable time and money, just waiting for delayed application programs.Modern software systems contained in older model hardware components can cause overheating and system failure, which of course requires replacement of parts and repair services.In addition, ruling out technology updates can provide an opportunity for cyberattacks, so-called stealing and damaging confidential information within the company.Another problem that often occurs is a sudden power outage which is at risk of losing data and experiencing protracted downtime so that it can harm the Company's business.The success of an information technology depends on the suitability of information analysis expectations, users and customers.

METHODS
The research approach used in this study is a qualitative approach because it tries to describe through various methods of data collection, namely interviews, observations, and documentation.This study uses a type of descriptive research.The focus of this research focuses on the Effectiveness of Information Technology Utilization which consists of 4 aspects of Information Technology, namely hardware, software, and brainware.
The stages of this research are divided into 3 (three), namely 1) Pre-Field Stage, 2) Field Work Stage, and 3) Data analysis stage described, namely the pre-field stage, the field work stage, and the data analysis stage.The types and sources of data used are primary data obtained directly by researchers and secondary data obtained through observation and interviews as well as documentation results in the form of vision, mission, history, and organizational structure at the research location.
The research instrument is the researcher himself using data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation.After obtaining the data, the researcher then carried out a validity check with the aim of obtaining a level of confidence and proof about how far the truth of the research results was, namely perseverance in observation, tringulation of sources and time, and confirmation.Teknik pengumpuplan data dilakukan menggunakan Miles, et al (Suprianto, 2024) melalui tahap yatiu data collection, data condencation, data display dan conclusions.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The effectiveness of information technology has several aspects that need to be considered, namely hardware, software, and brainware.The results of research conducted at PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar uses observation, interview and documentation methods.All data collected is presented in descriptive form or in explanatory form.To find out the effectiveness of the use of information technology at PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar can be seen through the informant's response.For more details, each focus description will be described in detail based on the results of the interview, namely:

Effectiveness of Information Technology Utilization
Hardware is all the equipment used to operate a computer system.The use of information and communication technology that uses computer devices requires adequate hardware to enter data, process data and present data.Based on the results of the interview, it can be seen that the hardware used includes keyboards, mice, computers, CPUs, printers as supporting facilities used in the use of information technology.Meanwhile, the CPU used includes processor, RAM and hard disk as primary storage devices and flash disks as additional storage, for output devices used include monitors, printers and projectors.Based on the observation of the use of hardware that is quite adequate, from the computer components used have now started to update or update every year, it can be seen from employees who take advantage of the performance of the updated components can improve and make it easier for employees to carry out their work.
Software or software is a program that runs computer hardware.Software is also referred to as a computer system that does not have a physical form that is installed in a computer or laptop to be operated.Based on the results of the interview, it can be known that the type of data processing becomes information or knowledge.These data processors often use spreadsheet applications so that they can run automatically.After processing, this data usually has informative value if it is expressed and packaged in an organized and neat manner.Based on the results of software observations, the data processing tasks are used using several applications, including excel and spreadsheets.The application meets the standards of information technology systems that support the work of employees to be easier in completing the tasks of each individual and department in the PT.Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar.
Brainware or human resources (HR) is the most important part of the information technology component in the business world known as the use of information technology.This HR component is an inseparable part from other components.Based on the results of interviews with informants, it can be known that humans or brainware in running information technology are very much needed in the corporate world, human resources involved in creating information systems, collecting data, distributing data, and utilizing information generated by the information.Several groups of human resources of an organization or company involved in some of these activities, can be broadly grouped into owners and users of information systems.Based on the results of observations, it can be seen that Humans (Brainware) human resources or personnel who work in the office of PT.Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar, quite proficient in carrying out the activities of existing departments, including the IT division department that processes and processes data, each can operate a computer smoothly.Employees play a very important role in optimizing their devices and play a role in the management process until documents are issued because without employee's data processing becomes complicated and long.

Supporting Factors and Factors Inhibiting the Effectiveness of Information Technology Utilization
Supporting factors are a situation that causes the achievement of the use of information technology to be more effective.Based on the results of interviews with informants, it can be seen that the supporting factors of information technology are the availability of adequate information technology infrastructure as well as the interest and enthusiasm of employees in managing data input, as well as maintaining, commitment to the development of information technology that makes it easier for employees to carry out their individual needs.
Inhibiting factors are things that hinder the occurrence of an activity that uses information technology to be more effective.Based on the results of interviews with informants, it can be seen that the factors that hinder the use of information technology are several problems that are often faced, including high dependence on information technology, incompatibility with business processes, readiness of regulations, procedures, limited human resources, and the occurrence of data leaks or cyber attacks that can harm information technology companies.effectiveness, as well as limited human resources.

Effectiveness of Information Technology Utilization
Hardware is equipment used to operate a computer system.The use of information technology that uses computers requires hardware to make it easier for employees to improve the quality of their work, in operating adequate hardware data for data processing and presenting data (Arhas, 2024).Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the hardware used is adequate with good quality, which is very helpful for employees in supporting office activities.In addition, the hardware standards used are a reference for employees in utilizing the hardware facilities used, in the use of appropriate hardware can improve the quality of employee work.The use of hardware is important in increasing productivity and reducing waste of time and resources.Using equipment (hardware), and work materials according to their capacity in increasing the efficiency of the devices used.Hardware is all the physical parts of a computer, including the digital circuitry present on the computer device.Computer hardware functions to receive data or information, process and display raw information into new and more useful information.Some types of computer hardware include CPUs, RAM, hard disks, monitors, keyboards, mice, and printers.Computer hardware can be classified according to the location relative to the main device, such as the main device, the auxiliary device, and the peripheral device."Based on this theory, the use of information technology is highly dependent on the hardware used for office management.Good hardware is designed in such a way that it can fulfill its function, which is to produce quality, relevant and trusted information technology.In addition, in the use of hardware used, it can affect information technology in carrying out internal control because the information produced can be used for decision-making (Pengfei Li, 2017).
Software or software is a program that contains a series of instructions (commands) that are written in computer language and understood by hardware called hardware.Computers cannot be used as they should, so computers are an arrangement of hardware and software that work together.The use of software can be used for various types of work and helps reduce the difficulty of the job.Software provided for personal and business purposes is used to process data, including processing, obtaining, compiling, storing, manipulating data in various ways to produce quality information.Based on the results of the research, the software used is quite flexible, in supporting the work in the office.One of the applications that is often used in the office is a spreadsheet data processing application that produces relevant, accurate and timely information.Software is a set of instructions (computer programs) that, when executed, provide the desired functions and performances, data structures that allow the program to manipulate information proportionally, and documentation that describes the operation and usefulness of the program (Nasrullah et al., 2021;Safihu, Bundu, et al., 2022).Based on this theory, the use of information technology in using software becomes a tool, meaning that the software becomes a processing tool that facilitates employee performance.The role of software in implementing information technology has become a facilitator for human activities, contributing greatly to fundamental changes in the structure of organizational operations and management.
Brainware or human resources (HR) is the most important part of the information technology component in the business world, which is known as the use of information technology, this HR component is an inseparable part of other components.In an information technology as a result of planning, analysis, design and strategic implementation which is based on communication among human resources involved in an organization.The ability of human resources to produce information by applying, designing and communicating information appropriately in the context of its use in the information technology environment, including determining information and data processing.Brainware is a human resource involved in the creation of information systems, the collection, data processing, distribution, and utilization of information generated by information systems, as well as information specialists who are full-time responsible for developing and maintaining computer-based information systems (de Waal & Dignum, 2017;Ferrer-Rosell et al., 2023).Based on the results of the study, it can be stated that the information technology component consists of humans (brainware), which is very important in running all the devices that have been provided.Human resources are a unit that is interdependent and cannot be separated from each other.

Supporting Factors and Factors Inhibiting the Effectiveness of Information Technology Utilization
Supporting factors are a situation that causes the achievement of the effectiveness of the use of information technology.Supporting factors can also be said to be a motivation to stay consistent in doing certain things.Rahmawati (2012) said that "Supporting factors for information technology can include several things, such as the availability of adequate information technology infrastructure, strong management support, availability of skilled human resources, in addition, other supporting factors are the existence of policies and regulations that support the use of information technology, as well as the awareness and willingness to utilize information technology in daily activities".
Based on the results of the study, there are several factors that support the effectiveness of the use of information technology, namely information systems that utilize information technology to facilitate the management of various forms of facilities and infrastructure, as well as information technology that makes it easier for employees to carry out their individual needs in carrying out the tasks and orders that have been given.
Inhibiting factors are things that hinder the occurrence of an information technology activity to carry out the use of information technology more effectively.Sakinah & Aslami (2022) said that "One of the factors that is often cited is poor scalability, where the network is not able to handle the rapid and adequate growth of data information technology.In addition, network security issues, including cyberattacks and other security threats, are also a significant inhibiting factor.Challenges in managing and maintaining network infrastructure, especially in complex or distributed environments, can also make it difficult to adopt and develop information technology.In addition, budget constraints for investment in the necessary network infrastructure can also be a significant obstacle (Hassan & Rahman, 2023;Nam & Pardo, 2011;Trieu et al., 2023).Based on the results of the study, there are several factors that hinder the effectiveness of the use of information technology, namely several problems that are often faced including high network dependence on information technology, incompatibility with business processes, readiness of regulations, procedures, and limitations of human resources, as well as the occurrence of data leaks or cyber that can harm the company, information technology is often not supported by management systems and work processes effective measures, as well as limited human resources.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of this study, it shows that the effectiveness of information technology utilization in employees of PT.Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar can be seen from the indicators that hardware, software and brainware are "effective".It can be seen from the aspect that the hardware that uses a computer is adequate with good quality so that it is very helpful for employees in supporting office activities.From the aspect of software used to process data, including processing, compiling, and storing data, it is quite flexible in supporting the work in the office, one of the applications used is a spreadsheet data processing application that produces relevant, accurate and timely information.From the human aspect (brainware) of human resources in the office of PT.Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk Makassar stated that the technology component is very important in carrying out the development of the use of information technology and all the devices that have been provided.The supporting factors of information technology are information systems that utilize information technology to facilitate the management of various forms of facilities and infrastructure as well as information technology that makes it easier for employees to carry out their individual needs, while the factors that hinder the use of information technology are several problems that are often faced including high dependence on information technology, incompatibility with business processes, regulatory readiness, procedures, and limitations of human resources, information technology is often not supported by an effective management system and work process, as well as limitations of human resources.