The Role of the Village Government in Increasing Agricultural Product in Mattirowalie Village Mare District Bone Regency

Clove is one of the crops that have high selling value in Indonesia. Almost all components of this clove plant can be used, including the clove leaf itself. This study aims to determine the role of the village government and the factors that influence the increase in the agricultural product (Midaceng). The method of this research was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Research data was collected through structured interview techniques. The data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the Mattiro Wallie Village Government plays an active role in supporting the condition of natural resources, establishing a clove leaf distillation factory, establishing cooperation between the government and the community, and improving the welfare of the community. The factors that support the increase in clove leaf oil production are internal factors like Human Resources (HR), the lack of infrastructure such as clove leaf storage warehouses, and Marketing Techniques for Production Results (Clove Leaf Oil). Meanwhile, external factors include natural factors (weather), lack of local government participation in seeing opportunities from clove leaf oil processing, business capital, and communication problems (networks).


INTRODUCTION
Clove is one of the high-income plant commodities in Indonesia. All components of the clove plant have the potential to become oil, especially the fruit and leaves of cloves. As time goes by and with the sophisticated development of technology, clove leaves are used to be considered trash, and now they can earn a high income for the clove farming community. The clove leaf oil can be processed in various kinds of processing through distillation. There is manual distillation, and some use modern industrial factories of international standards. When clove leaf oil is processed effectively and efficiently, it will be able to prosper the community. Clove leaf oil has many health benefits, one of which is toothache medicine, and it can be exported to other countries with high selling value.
One area that has a lot of clove crops is Mattirowalie Village, Mare District Bone Regency. The average community in the village has a clove garden. Currently, the problem is that clove farmers have not been able to utilize clove leaves to be processed to produce a product that has economic value that can change the economy and prosper them. That's because they don't have a clove leaf distillation tool that can later produce clove oil. Therefore, the role of the village government is very influential in increasing the quality of crop yields (clove leaf oil), especially in Mattirowalie Village, Mare District Bone Regency. The village government must act as a dynamist that can mobilize community participation and provide guidance both in The village head has a function and role in decision-making and involves community participation in every activity. Many village heads in the Bone district have succeeded in developing and building their villages well in all fields, both physically and non-physically. All of this cannot separate from community participation. However, some villages need to be empowered although the natural and human potential is available in large quantities, the benefits have not been carried out optimally. It is also inseparable from the performance of the village head. The village head is expected to be able to improve the quality of community welfare and utilize various existing resources. The role of the village government in increasing agricultural products (clove leaf oil) in Mattirowalie Village is to improve the community welfare in improving the village economy. The role can be interpreted as a part or form and behavior expected by individuals or groups in social situations (Hasyim et al., 2020;Sijaya, 2019). Each individual is said to carry out his role when he can carry out his duties and functions through the position that he has. Based on this understanding, the role can be concluded as a form of implementation that can be felt either directly or indirectly by individuals or social groups in the form of behavior or actions by the duties and functions of the role actors by the tasks they have.
The village government is the executor of government affairs and facilitates the local community in the government system (Ibrahim, 2019;Nasila & Akib, 2014). The village government is one of the government bureaucracies in charge of regulating public goods. The village government can play symbolic and social legitimacy but also has to build the dimensions of political and economic performance (Suhendra et al., 2020). The village is a legal entity where a community lives in which it has the power to hold its government. When we hear the word village, what we have in mind is a very green area located on the slopes of the foot of the mountain far from the urban center. The village also has territorial boundaries, legal community units, and the authority to regulate household affairs. However, the village still maintains noble values and still preserves the culture and traditions that have been attached to a village. The village head is a leader who is elected directly by the community and can become a dynamist, a facilitator in improving the welfare of the community and the village economy. According to UU 6 No. 2014 concerning the Village government, it is the organizer of government affairs and the interests of the local community in the system of Government of the Republic of Indonesia. The village government as referred to as the village head is the spearhead of the village government assisted by village officials. However, the village has a representative institution that represents the village community, namely the BPD (Village Consultative Body) also takes part in overseeing the running of the village government. The village government in question can bring about changes in its policies and can improve the level of welfare, education, health, and social security within the village community (Hermawati, 2019). Agricultural products are all types of goods produced by environmental businesses agriculture. Another meaning is agricultural products because agriculture is one of the dominant sectors of people's income (Pakasi & Msi, 2015). One of the crops that need to be developed is Clove Leaf Oil which comes from the clove plant. Clove Leaf Oil will be of high quality when the clove leaves are produced or processed are quality leaves.
Empowerment is a concept related to power. The term power is often synonymous with the individual's ability to do what he wants. This ability is good for self-regulation and managing other people as individuals or groups/organizations, regardless of the needs, potentials, or desires of others. In other words, power makes other people the object of their influence or desires (Pakasi & Msi, 2015). The definition of empowerment is focused on delegating aspects of power, giving authority, or transferring to individuals or communities so that they can regulate themselves and their environment by their potential desires and abilities. Empowerment is not just giving authority or power to the weak. Empowerment contains the meaning of the educational process in improving the quality of individuals, groups, or communities so that they are empowered, have competitiveness, and can live independently (La Kamalussin et al., 2021). The indicators of empowerment have four things, namely: a planned and collective activity, improving people's lives, prioritizing the weak, as well as being carried out through capacity-building programs. In its implementation, empowerment has the meaning of encouragement or motivation, guidance, or assistance in improving the ability of individuals or communities to be able to be independent. This effort is a stage of the empowerment process in changing behavior, changing old habits into new, better habits, in improving their quality of life and welfare (Anwas, 2019).
Community empowerment is a concept of economic development that encapsulates social values. This concept builds a new paradigm of development, which is people-centered, participatory, empowering and sustainable (Mulyawan, 2015). Community empowerment is an effort to increase the dignity of the layers of society and the human to enable and empower the community. This empowerment effort is considered capable of creating a climate and atmosphere that allows the community's potential to develop.

METHOD
This research is a type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Qualitative research aims to gain a general understanding of social reality from the participant's perspective. Thus, the authors will collect, process, and analyze data qualitatively to obtain in-depth information about the role of village governments in increasing agricultural yields (Sugiyono, 2016). The location of this research is in Mattirowalie Village, Mare District, Bone Regency. The research subject that the researcher uses is the Head of Villages and some clove farmers who will be selected by purposive sampling by researchers. This research uses a purposive sampling technique. Purposive sampling is a data sampling technique with some considerations (sugiyono, 2017). This research focuses more on the representation of social phenomena. And the most important thing is how to determine the key informants to answer the problems that will be discussed in this research. The data collection techniques used are observations, interviews, and documentation. This study uses a data analysis model developed by (Miles et al., 2014)includes three stages of analysis: data reduction, data display, and conclusions drawing/verification.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Mattirowalie Village is one of the oldest villages in the Mare District. The village of Mattirowalie is an area of altitude/mountains. So, this village is called Mattiro Walie. The Mattirowalie word consists of two syllables. Namely "Mattiro" which means looking up, and "walie" which means seeing from all directions. Mattirowalie Village is one of 18 villages in Mare District, Bone Regency. Mattirowalie village consists of three hamlets, namely Lappa Lampoko, Pao Dadae, and Ula which are located 18 km from the sub-district capital and 36 km from the capital city of Bone Regency, as illustrated in the table below.  Thus, the data shows that the majority of Mattiro Walie Village residents work as farmers. The village of Mattirowalie is located in a mountainous area west of the capital city of Mare District. Cool and shady natural conditions allow plants to thrive. Commodity plants found in this village are cloves, pepper, and fruit (durian, rambutan, and langsat). There are also intercropping plants like chili, corn and vegetables. However, the main commodity crop is the clove plant. Now, this plant has spread widely, and even in the past, this clove plant could only be harvested for its fruit, but the leaves can also be collected, utilized, and processed to produce clove leaf oil now, which can increase economic income for clove farmers.

The Role of the Village Government in Increasing Agricultural Products (Clove Leaf Oil) in Mattiro Walie Village, Mare District, Bone Regency
Mattiro Walie Village is one of the villages that has adequate natural resources. The natural resources of the environment include various fruits, pepper and cloves. Even though people have been cultivating fruit trees lately, they still rely on one of their production plants, namely cloves. Or the main income of the community is from the clove plant.
The clove plant produces economic resources in almost all of its parts. Mainly on the fruit that is harvested every year. The stalks can be distilled and the leaves can also be used as oil. Clove leaves and stems or stems are very suitable for making firewood. The role of the village government is as follows: 1). Supporting Natural Resource Conditions in Mattiro Walie Village, Mare District, Bone Regency, Mattiro Walie Village already has natural resource support, therefore the village government plays a very important role in increasing community empowerment through managing its natural resources. All levels of the village government contribute to the management of natural resources, starting from the village head, village secretary, chief of staff, and hamlet head. All village officials actively participate in developing and improving the economy in this area.
Village Head Mattiro Walie told in an interview that: because the natural resources we use are dry leaves from clove trees, one way to preserve nature is the community's duty to always improve their clove plants both in terms of fertilization and how to clean their plantation areas . Furthermore, he also stated that the leaves to be processed at the clove leaf factory were really high quality leaves. Usually the quality of the leaves depends on the season. For example, in the dry season the quality of the leaves will be better, and it also depends on the maintenance of farmers.
The Head of Mattiro Village is very supportive of the natural resources in the village, so that they are always maintained and can be of benefit to future generations, especially clove leaves, which are the main source of raw material for clove leaf oil; 2). Establishing a Natural Resource Management Organization (Clove Leaf Refining Factory). Seeing the sufficient natural potential in Mattiro Walie Village, the village government took the initiative to set up or build a clove leaf oil refinery factory. Based on this background, the village government, in this case the village head, together with his staff and the active participation of the community, the village government succeeded in establishing a clove leaf oil refinery factory in Lappa Lampoko Hamlet, Mattiro Walie Village, Mare District, Bone Regency on August 4 2017 with the government's vision "Realizing self-sufficiency and welfare for the people of Mattiro Walie Village through local economic development and improving services the people of Mattiro Walie Village" remembering that the clove harvest period in Mattiro Walie Village is once a year, which ranges from June to August. Apart from the clove harvest time, the community does not have regular jobs in their daily lives. Therefore, the government took the initiative to manage natural resources in a sustainable manner without a time limit. In this case, clove leaves are the main raw material as a source of production. So a clove leaf oil refinery factory was established in Mattiro Walie Village.
As stated by the village head in our interview that: The source of the budget used to build a clove leaf oil refinery factory came from government assistance channeled through APBDesa with a capital of IDR 50,000,000.00 (fifty million rupiah) in 2017. Until now the village government continues to support the continuity of the clove leaf oil refinery factory

Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Administrasi Publik
Volume 12 Number 2, July-December 2022. Page 549-558 business because the community really feels the positive impact of this business; 3). Establishing Government and Community Cooperation. In our interview with the village head, Mattiro Walie said that: All levels of government, both the village secretary, the head of the hamlet, and the hamlet head always hold coordination and consolidation meetings once a month so that the village government always conveys to the community so that they maintain cohesiveness and cooperation between community groups and convey motivation to continue to be active and play a role in managing clove leaf oil business.
Based on the presentation of the village head, it can be concluded that the local government really coordinates all of its staff in the process of community activities related to the clove leaf oil business. The community is also always fostered and encouraged to continue to cooperate with other communities and the government in order to create good emotional relationships that can affect the quality improvement of business results; 4). Improving Community Welfare Welfare greatly influences the pattern of people's life, because basically the level of welfare varies from one group to another because welfare can also be measured by the adequacy of the basic needs of individuals or groups, as expressed by the village general officer Mattiro Walie Mrs. Murniati in our interview that: That all levels of society in Mattiro Walie Village have experienced a significant increase in welfare through the existence of a clove leaf oil refinery factory, because people can earn more, starting from children to the elderly. Some people have been able to buy land, vehicles, household furniture, and repair houses with the capital of picking up the dried clove leaves that fall every day.
The village government always fosters the community so that they continue to be proactive in taking or collecting quality clove leaves, because the more quality clove leaves that are managed, the better the production will be. If the production is good and of good quality, the price will also increase.
The revenue from the clove leaf oil business in Mattiro Walie Village during the process of operating the clove leaf oil refinery starting from 2017 until now is sometimes erratic due to weather factors. According to the Director of clove leaf oil processing BUMDES Clove Flower said that: If it is the dry season, the quality of the oil content of the resulting clove leaf oil will increase because the clove leaves collected are dry and of good quality. Conversely, if the rainy season hits, the level of clove leaf oil that will be produced will decrease. So basically the drier the clove leaves are processed into clove leaf oil, the better the quality and oil content produced. If we look at the table above, the total PADes revenue is spread in 2018 and in 2021 the clove leaf oil refinery plant does not produce even a percent of PADes due to weather conditions that are not possible, namely the rainy season and the quality of clove leaves is not good. Whereas in 2022 it is still in the process of refining and the management cannot yet interpret the amount of PADes obtained.

Factors Affecting Increased Yield (Clove Leaf Oil)
Factors influencing the increase in crop yields (clove leaf oil) in Mattirowalie Village, Kec. Mare namely internal factors and external factors. 1). Internal factors are factors that come from the community itself, namely: a). Human Resources (HR). Because potential natural resource management is greatly supported by human resources, all efforts aimed at improving the quality and production of natural products begin with improving the performance of all parties. According to the results of an interview with the head of BUMDES Clove Flower revealed that: One of the inhibiting factors influencing the increase in crop yields is the human resource factor itself, the community still has low abilities and has feelings of boredom in processing or refining clove leaves. Therefore, the workers employed at the clove leaf refinery come from outside the Bone district, some of them are from the Java region.
The village secretary, Mattiro Walie, expressed the same thing in our interview. He said that: Every factory manager must have special skills and adequate work skills and experience, in order to work optimally and get optimal results. Human resources who manage the business must have special skills in managing the business so that the results obtained are of good quality. As stated by the Head of Mattirowalie Village in our interview that: Technical guidance is needed from experienced experts to managers so they can work professionally, because apart from this work being rare in the community, it is also difficult to process. This is because the factory works 24 hours a day.
The same thing was conveyed by Andi Ansar, as Head of Village Government that: Each manager should receive benefits that are balanced or in accordance with the workload of the managers. This is so that every manager can survive in his work. In connection with this opinion, it can be concluded that all levels of government must pay attention to the welfare of managers and human resource developments involved in the clove leaf oil factory business; b). Lack of infrastructure, such as warehouses for storing clove leaves. According to the village head, Matiro Walie said that: Another obstacle that the management complained about was facilities and infrastructure, such as places where dried clove leaves were stored. The manager needs a building unit so that they can store the clove leaves that the community has collected and sold to the manager, so that the quality of the dried clove leaves is maintained. Because all this time the place for storing dry clove leaves only used tarpaulin walls which made the clove leaves sometimes wet and damp, resulting in less oil content in clove leaves and the quality would decrease; c). Production Results Marketing Technique (Clove Leaf Oil), the Mattiro Walie Village Government markets the production of clove leaf oil in the two districts that are invited to work together, as revealed by the head of the Lappa Lampoko hamlet in our interview saying that: Clove leaf oil produced is marketed in Bone Regency and Bulukumba Regency, however, when the bidding price is higher in another district, the manager will sell to that regency, but when the bidding price is the same, then the sale and purchase transaction will be carried out in Bone district because of its close location and cheap transportation costs.
In accordance with the statement above, the production of clove leaf oil in Mattiro Walie Village is not well known by the wider community because marketing is only carried out in Bone and Bulukumba Regencies. Given the many health benefits of clove leaf oil, all levels of government and the community hope that the selling price can increase. The village government and clove leaf oil managers also expect guidance as expressed in our interview with the Director of Clove Leaf Oil Management saying that: We really need guidance from the local government regarding product packaging techniques, branding, product marketing up to the process of obtaining BPOM permits and halal certificates so that so far the results of clove leaf oil are only sold raw to buyers, with this guidance they can process and package it themselves according to the wishes of the manager so that they can increase the economic results of the community as well as village original income (PADes) which can also increase.
So far, the marketing of clove leaf oil has been carried out by the Mattiro Walie Village government using information media. As stated by the Head of Dusun Ula in our interview that: In marketing clove leaf oil the most frequently used media is telephone, but the obstacle is that the telephone network is very difficult to reach in the Mattiro Walie area, only at certain points the network can be accessed. Considering that telephone networks and internet networks are difficult to reach, the village government must use other alternatives in marketing the production of clove leaf oil, for example delivering it directly to partner companies. 2). External factors complained by the manager are: a). Natural Factors (weather), One of the inhibiting factors in increasing crop yields, especially clove leaf oil, is the weather. The better the weather, the higher the oil content produced by clove leaves. But if it is the rainy season, the oil content will decrease because the clove leaves that are collected are wet. As explained by one informant, namely: We, as clove leaf oil managers, are very dependent on the weather factor, because the drier the clove leaves are to be processed, the higher the price of clove leaf oil and the better the oil content, but if the clove leaves are to be processed wet, it will affect the price quality and oil content will decrease; But if it is the rainy season, the oil content will decrease because the clove leaves that are collected are wet. As explained by one informant, namely: We, as clove leaf oil managers, are very dependent on the weather factor, because the drier the clove leaves are to be processed, the higher the price of clove leaf oil and the better the oil content, but if the clove leaves are to be processed wet, it will affect the price quality and oil content will decrease; But if it is the rainy season, the oil content will decrease because the clove leaves that are collected are wet. As explained by one informant, namely: We, as clove leaf oil managers, are very dependent on the weather factor, because the drier the clove leaves are to be processed, the higher the price of clove leaf oil and the better the oil content, but if the clove leaves are to be processed wet, it will affect the price quality and oil content will decrease; b). Lack of local government participation in seeing opportunities from clove leaf oil processing. The village government hopes that the regional government, especially the Bone Regency government, will pay attention to the potential possessed by each village in the subdistrict so that later they can get assistance in terms of business development managed by the village government or BUMDES (Village Owned Enterprises). In addition, what is an obstacle in increasing crop yields is the lack of community institutions in providing education and outreach (Labaran et al., 2014), so that people only rely on experience in managing clove leaf oil; c). Startup Capital, no private sector has yet wanted to lend business capital as a first step in developing the clove leaf oil processing industry to the village government of Mattirowalie Kec. March. This was conveyed by the Head of Mattirowalie Village in our interview saying that: We, as the village government, have tried to communicate with the private sector in this case the banking sector to lend business capital assistance, but there has been no agreement because the banks asked for land certificates as collateral and interest the loan was too big, so we, together with the clove leaf oil operator, discouraged from asking for capital assistance; d). Communication Problem (Network), This is also one of the obstacles faced by the village government in terms of communication, because the location of Mattirowalie village is in a mountainous area so there is no network access available in that place, both telephone and internet networks. People sometimes look for certain points to get a network in order to communicate about processed products, both clove leaf oil and other processed products, to buyers.

CONCLUSION
The Mattiro Walie Village Government in increasing agricultural products (clove leaf oil) plays an active role in embracing all of its staff to actively participate in fostering workforce management of clove leaf factories and involves active participation of the community in working together to increase crop yields, especially clove leaf oil, Supporting conditions natural resources, Establishing a clove leaf distillation factory, Establishing cooperation between the government and the community, and Improving people's welfare. There are two factors supporting the increase in clove leaf oil production in Mattiro Walie Village, Mare District, Bone Regency, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors include Human Resources (HR), lack of infrastructure such as storage of clove leaves, Product Marketing Techniques (Clove Leaf Oil). While external factors include, Natural Factors (weather), Lack of local government participation in seeing opportunities from processing clove leaf oil, There is no private party that wants to lend business capital, and Communication Problems (Network).