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Kenomotetisan dan Keideosinkretisan Makna Simbolis Peranti Pernikahan Adat Masyarakat Nusa Tenggara Timur dan Jambi: Perspektif Ekolinguistik
(1) Sanata Dharma University
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini dirumuskan sebagai berikut: (1) mendiskripsikan nilai-nilai nomotesis yang terdapat dalam peranti pernikahan adat masyarakat Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) dan Provinsi Jambi; (2) mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai ideosinkretis yang terdapat dalam peranti pernikahan adat masyarakat Provinsi NTT dan Provinsi Jambi? Data dikumpulkan dengan menerapkan metode simak dan metode cakap. Selain itu, data juga dikumpulkan dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip etnografi dalam antropolinguisitk. Data selanjutnya diklasifikasi dan ditipifikasi sehingga terwujud tipe-tipe data yang siap untuk dikenai metode dan teknik analisis data. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitia ini adalah metode analisis padan kontekstual. Selain itu, metode analisis distribusional juga diterapkan untuk mendukung penerapan metode analisis padan kontekstual. Metode analisis padan dan metode analisis distribusional tersebut dilengkapi dengan teknik analisis yang lazim diterapkan dalam penelitian etnografi dan metode analisis ini. Manfaat teoretis penelitian ini adalah untuk menyempurnakan teori-teori ekolinguistik yang selama ini didasarkan pada teori-teori Barat. Manfaat praktisnya adalah untuk memaksimalkan perkuliahan ekolinguistik yang selama itu belum kontekstual di program-program magister. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam nilai kenomotetisan makna simbolis peranti pernikahan adat masyarakat NTT, dan masyarakat Jambi yang dikaji dengen perspektik ekolinguistik metaforis. Keenam nilai simbolik yang bersifat nomotetis tersebut disampaikan sebagai berikut: (1) nilai cinta kasih, (2) nilai ekonomis, (3) nilai kekeluargaan, (4) nilai keagungan, (5) nilai religius. Selanjutnya nilai-nilai simbolik pernikahan adat di kedua provinsi tersebut memiliki nilai-nilai keideosinkretisan sebagai berikut: (1) nilai keharmonisan, (2) nilai ketulusan, (3) nilai pengharapan, (4) nilai penghormatan terhadap wanita.
Kata Kunci: kenomotetisan; keideosinkretisan; makna simbolik; ekolinguistik metaforis
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was formulated as follows: (1) describing the nomothetic values of traditional marriage equipments of the people of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) and Jambi societies; (2) describing the ideosyncretic values contained in the traditional marriage tools of the people of NTT and Jambi societies? Data was collected by applying the listening method and the interview method. In addition, data are also collected by applying ethnographic principles in anthropology. The data collected are then classified and typified to realize the types of data that are ready to be subjected to data analysis methods and techniques. The data analysis method used in this research is the contextual equivalent analysis method. In addition, the distributional analysis method is also applied to support the application of the contextual equivalent analysis method. The equivalent analysis method and the distribution analysis method are complemented by analytical techniques commonly used in ethnographic research. The theoretical benefit of this research is to perfect ecolinguistic theories that have been based on Western theories. The practical benefit is to maximize ecolinguistic lectures which have not been contextual in the master's programs. The results of this research showed that there were six values of symbolic meaning of the traditional marriage tools of the NTT community, and that of the people of Jambi which were studied with a metaphorical ecolinguistic perspective. The six symbolic values that are nomothetic in nature are conveyed as follows: (1) the value of love, (2) economic value, (3) family value, (4) grandeur value, (5) religious value. Furthermore, the symbolic values of traditional marriage in the two communities have the following ideological ideals: (1) harmony, (2) sincerity, (3) expectation, (4) respect for women.
Keywords: nomothetics; ideosyncratic; symbolic meaning; metaphorical ecolinguistics
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/lensa.10.1.2020.69-82
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Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya (Lensa)
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Published by: Faculty of Educational Science and Humanity,Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
