Stress Analysis of Pressure Vessel

:- Tanks, vessel and pipelines that carry, store or receive fluids are called Pressure vessel. A pressure vessel is defined as a container with a pressure differential between inside and outside. The inside pressure is usually higher than outside. The fluid inside the vessel may undergo a change in state as in case of a steam boiler or may combine with other reagent as in the case of chemical reactor. Pressure vessel often has a combination of high pressure together with high temperature and in some case flammable fluids or highly radioactive material. Because of such hazards it is imperative that the design be such that no leakage can occur. In addition, vessel hat to be design carefully to cope with the operating temperature and pressure. In this paper, the analysis on pressure vessel with variation of hole and outside temperature variation is carried out to find the stresses in pressure vessel. First, the finite element approach is used to evaluate the stresses in the closed pressure vessel and with varying material and outside temperature. Further the finite element approach is used to evaluate the stresses in the pressure vessel with holes on circumference and with varying material and outside temperature.


INTRODUCTION
Tanks, vessel and pipelines that carry, store or receive fluids are called Pressure vessel. A pressure vessel is defined as a container with a pressure differential between inside and outside. The inside pressure is usually higher than outside.
The fluid inside the vessel may undergo a change in state as in case of a steam boiler or may combine with other reagent as in the case of chemical reactor. Pressure vessel often has a combination of high pressure together with high temperature and in some case flammable fluids or highly radioactive material.
Pressure vessel are used in a number of industries; for example, the power generation industry for fossil and nuclear power, the petrochemical industry for storing and processing crude petroleum oil in tank farms as well as storing gasoline in service station, and the chemical industry.

II.OBJECTIVE
• Analytical design of pressure vessel having stress distribution over closed pressure vessel.
• To analyze the stress contour on pressure vessel with holes on cylinder and cover plate III.PROBLEM STATEMENT  In this paper, the analysis on pressure vessel with variation of hole and outside temperature variation is carried out to find the stresses in pressure vessel.
• The various geometric ratios considered for analysis are as follows, • Length of pressure vessel, L = 500 mm • Diameter of pressure vessel, D = 250 mm • Test pressure, p = 2 MPa  The various material used for the analysis are: The finite element approach is used to evaluate the stresses in the closed pressure vessel and with varying material and outside temperature.
• Secondly, the finite element approach is used to evaluate the stresses in the pressure vessel with holes on circumference and with varying material and outside temperature.

V. MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VESSEL
The 3D model of pressure vessel is created using a CAD software Creo Parametric.

VI. STRESS ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VESSEL WITH HOLES ON CYLINDER AND COVER PLATE
The finite element approach is used to evaluate the stresses in the pressure vessel with holes on circumference and with varying material and outside temperature.  ii. STRESS ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VESSEL WITH TWO 10 MM DIAMETER HOLE The stress analysis of pressure vessel with two hole of 10 mm diameter is carried out for various material. The pressure vessel is subjected to structural and thermal load.

VII. CONCLUSION
 It is observed that stresses are increasing when the number of holes is increased & diameter kept constant. Minimum number of holes lower the stresses and maximize the number of holes increases the stresses.  The analysis of pressure vessel is performed by changing the material. It is found that the von misses stress generated in the Titanium is lower than the material selected for the study. The von misses stress generated in the Stainless steel is maximum for the selected material. Below are the materials arranged in the increasing order of stress generated. Titanium > Gray Cast Iron > Aluminum > Copper > Mild Steel > Stainless steel  The analysis of pressure vessel is conducted considering the thermal temperature. The heat flux generated in Aluminum is lesser than the material considered for the study. The maximum heat flux is generated in Gray Cast Iron from the material considered for the study. Below materials are arranged in increasing order of Total Heat Flux generated.
Aluminum > Copper > Mild Steel > Stainless Steel > Titanium > Gray Cast Iron