Effect of Bronchial Asthma Education Program on Asthma Control among Asthma Patients

Asthma attacks all age gatherings however it regularly begins in childhood age itself. It is a sickness depicted by irregular attacks of shortness of breath and wheezing, which move in earnestness and repeat from individual to person. In an attacks, the coating of the entries swell making the aviation routes limited and decreasing the progression of air all through the lungs. In an individual, this may happen from hour to hour and everyday too. The incidence is 5% in adult population and 10% in children. Incidence of asthma has considerably increased over last few decades so the present study aims to assess the effectiveness of Bronchial Asthma Education Program on Asthma control among Asthma Patients. A quantitative approach with Pre-Experimental researchdesignwasadopted to conduct the studyamong30Bronchial Asthma patients who were selected by Nonprobability convenience sampling technique. Semi-structured interview method was used to collect the demographic data and level of knowledge regarding asthma among asthma patients was assessed by structured questionnaire. The Bronchial Asthma education was given with lash card which includes the details which controls Asthma. The results of the study shows that among 30 samples in the experimental group the pretest results reveal, 25(83.34%) had inadequate knowledge, 4(13.33%)hadmoderately adequate knowledge and1(3.33%)had good knowledge. Where as, in the post test, 20(66.67%) had adequate knowledge and 10(33.33%) had moderately adequate knowledge regarding Bronchial Asthma among asthma patients. This reveals the level of knowledge regarding asthma is highly signi icant in the experimental group because the level of knowledge is improved after health education.


INTRODUCTION
Asthma attacks all age gatherings however it regularly begins in childhood age itself. It is a sickness depicted by irregular attacks of shortness of breath and wheezing, which move in earnestness and repeat from individual to person. In a person, this may occur from hour to hour and everyday as well (Aggarwal et al., 2006). This condition is a direct result of exacerbation of the air areas in the lungs and impacts the affectability of the nerve endings in the avionics courses so they become conveniently upset. In an ambush, the covering of the segments swell creation the light courses tight and reducing the movement of air all through the lungs (Barthwal et al., 2009).
An international consensus report characterized asthma as a "typical incessant issue of the aviation routes that is complex and described by factor and recurring symptoms, wind stream impediment, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and a basic in lammation" (Singh and Gupta, 2011). Airway narrowing is the last normal pathway prompting manifestations and physiological changes in asthma (Sin et al., 2005). Several elements add to the advancement of aviation route narrowing in asthma. These different variables caught may impact the danger of asthma. They are separated into those that cause the turn of events (have factors) of asthma and those that trigger (natural variables) asthma side effects, despite the fact that it is additionally accepted that some do both (Skaggs and Yates, 2016) . This working de inition and its acknowledgment of key highlights of asthma was gotten from the manner in which aviation route changes in asthma identify with the different components, for example, allergens, respiratory infections, and some word related exposures, are related with the advancement of aviation route irritation and acknowledgment of hereditary guideline of these procedures (Gajanan et al., 2015). According to the EPR , it from these descriptive approaches of asthma de inition that a progressively extensive comprehension of asthma pathogenesis, the procedures associated with the improvement of tireless aviation route aggravation, and the huge rami ications that these immunological occasions have for the turn of events, inding, treatment, and conceivable avoidance of asthma has advanced (Kotwani and Chhabra, 2012) The commonness of 'ever asthma' was accounted for in 2.4% in a population study on 73,605 people led all the while at four signi icant focuses in India with the utilization of a solitary de inition and uniform system utilizing an approved poll. Of the few hazard factors which were seen as huge, introduction to ecological tobacco smoke during youth alone or both during adolescence and adulthood was signi icant in the advancement of and in expanding dismalness from asthma. There is likewise a worldwide worry on the adjustment in asthma the study of disease transmission and clinical range. There isn't just an obvious increment when all is said in done commonness in a few geographic zones, yet in addition in the quantity of instances of troublesome, headstrong and deadly asthma (Marabini et al., 2002;Janson et al., 2009;Choi and Chung, 2011). Review of literature and clinical experience made the investigator to realize that asthma is one of the major health problems worldwide. With proper knowledge regarding asthma incidence the incidence of asthma can be reduced to some extent. This motivated the investigator to undertake a study on knowledge regarding bronchial asthma control among asthmatic patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A quantitative approach with pre experimental design with one group pretest and post test design was used to conduct the study in the community area of Thiruvalur district 30 samples were selected by using non probability convenience sampling techniques. The criteria for sample selection are Bronchial asthma patients who were above 18 years, both male & female, who are willing participants in the study, who can understand Tamil and English & available during the study period. The patients with severe asthma, having habit of smoking, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were excluded from the study. The data collection period was done with prior permission from the head of the village and ethical clearance was obtained from the institution. The purpose of the study was explained to the samples and written informed consent was obtained from them. Semistructured interview method was used to collect the demographic data and level of knowledge regarding asthma among asthma patients was assessed by structured questionnaire which consists of 14 questions the scoring interpretation of each question is "0" for wrong answer and "1" for correct answer. The Bronchial Asthma education was given with lash card which includes the details which controls Asthma. The post test was conducted after the education program. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Assessment of Level of Knowledge Regarding Bronchial Asthma control among Asthma
Patients.  The study is supported by Poureslami, Iraj et.,al(2012), led an examination on Effectiveness of educational interventions on asthma self-management in Punjabi and Chinese asthma patients. Utilizing a participatory methodology, we created and tried information and network instructive recordings (with comparable data, however utilized an alternate methodology, i.e., logical versus casual) and a pictorial lea let. A sum of 92 doctor analyzed grown-up asthma patients (47 Chinese and 45 Punjabi) were relegated indiscriminately to three exploratory gatherings (watched one or the two recordings) and one correlation gathering (read pictorial handout) and took an interest in three in-person meetings and one phone meet inside a 9-month time frame. Patients got training on asthma self-administration by means of recordings and lea let and results, including their insight into asthma triggers (ecological related and conduct related triggers) and side effects; inhaler use aptitudes and patient-detailed prescription adherence were estimated. Information on asthma indications, inhaler use, and comprehension of doctor's guidelines improved fundamentally from pretest to 3 months post-intercession follow-up among all members (Poureslami et al., 2012).

Effectiveness of Bronchial Asthma Education Program on Asthma Control among Asthma Patients
The study depicts that the pretest mean score of knowledge score was 5.80 with standard deviation 2.02 and the post test mean score of knowledge was 10.87 with standard deviation 1.28. The calculated paired 't' test value of t = 12.048 was found to be statistically highly signi icant at p<0.001 level. This clearly infers there is signi icant improvement in the level of knowledge regarding bronchial asthma among asthma patients. Hence the hypotheses are proved ( Table 2).
The present study indings are supported by Valizadeh., et.,al., (2014), directed an investigation on the Effects of Triggers' Modifying on Adolescent Self-Ef icacy with Asthma-Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Sixty young people, matured 12 to 18 years, determined to have asthma taken an interest in this randomized clinical preliminary. Members arbitrarily appointed to the benchmark group got standard consideration while those doled out to the exploratory gathering took an interest in a multi week, nurture drove, triggers altering instructive mediation in particular centers of lung in Tabriz, Iran. The self-adequacy scale created by the degree of self-viability in two gatherings before intercession was not factually noteworthy, while the post mediation measures were measurably critical. Intercession was successful in improving young people's self-adequacy (Valizadeh et al., 2014).

Association of level of knowledge regarding bronchial asthma control among asthma patients with selected demographic variables
The study shows that the demographic variable age had shown statistically signi icant association with post test level of knowledge regarding bronchial asthma among asthma patients at p<0.05 level. Hence the hypotheses are proved.

CONCLUSIONS
This study indicates that by using health education by lashcards is the effective non pharmacological method to prevent asthma episodes. The clients gained the knowledge regarding the Bronchial asthma meaning, cause, risk factors, management, home remedies and they apply in their day to day practice and they got awareness on Bronchial asthma disease control measures.