Adaptación y validez de la Escala de Personalidad Tipo D (DS-14) en una muestra mexicana

Palabras clave: Personalidad tipo D, DS-14, análisis confirmatorio, invarianza de medida, México

Resumen

El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en explorar las propiedades psicométricas de una adaptación al castellano del cuestionario de personalidad tipo D (DS-14) en una muestra mexicana (n = 702). Se evaluó la escala mediante un enfoque no paramétrico basado en el escalamiento Mokken y se aplicó el análisis factorial confirmatorio por el método de estimación mínimos cuadrados ponderados con media y varianza ajustada (WLSMV), consistencia interna con coeficiente omega (ω), invarianza de medición por género, y validez convergente con medidas de salud mental (MBI = burnout, GHQ = depresión, trastornos de sueño, disfunción social y síntomas somáticos), parcializando los efectos de estresores laborales (JCQ = demandas y control laboral). Los resultados evidenciaron correlaciones parciales de bajas a moderadas de los ítems DS-14 con los puntajes de salud mental, así como índices de confiabilidad aceptables (ω =.62-.86). Se halló invarianza de medición entre hombres y mujeres, y la estructura bifactorial original mostró índices de ajuste satisfactorios (CFI = .97, RMSEA = .04, SRMR = .05). Adicionalmente se vislumbró la viabilidad de una estructura unidimensional, y en particular para una versión de 9 ítems (CFI = .99, RMSEA = .04, SRMR = .04), la que necesita estudios adicionales de replicabilidad. Se concluye que la escala DS-14 produce puntajes válidos y confiables, y se discuten estos hallazgos y sus implicaciones para la investigación futura.

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2018-12-05
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