History Heroism Commander Gocah in the Kingdom of Aru

The purpose of this study is to find out the history of the commander Gocah of the Aru kingdom. The method used is the historical method. The research results show that the Aru Kingdom is the oldest kingdom in North Sumatra, which has existed on the east coast of North Sumatra Province now since the 13th-16th century AD. The Karo people say that Aru is Aru which comes from the said Karo. This research method uses qualitative techniques with a descriptive approaches to describe the heroic history of Panglima Gocah and the Kingdom of Aru. The results showed that the Clan twins formed the Aru community, which is the Karo community. The Kembaren clan is thought to have originated from Pagaruyung in Minangkabau Land, there are rumors that the Kingdom of Aru and the Kingdom of Pasai (Aceh) often clashed. The Aru attacked Pasai in the early 16th century and massacred a large number of the local population. However, Pasai retaliated against the attack. Aceh was able to penetrate the fortress of the Kingdom of Aru with a series of attacks. Aceh had sent powerful military expeditions to the kingdom of Deli on several occasions to maintain power. In the end, Aceh appointed its commander as Major of the State in an attempt to increase its politics influence and keep Deli from escalating rebellions. It was Seri Paduka Gocah Pahlawan who became this commander, he was a pioneer in the history of the Deli Sultanate.


INTRODUCTION
Kingdom Aru, too known as Aru.Name this kingdom appeared in the Javanese textbook Pararaton (1336), which is famous for the Palapa Oath.As the governor of Amangkubumi, he, Gajah Mada, refused to stop fasting.He stated that he would only stop fasting when he had conquered the Archipelago, which would include various areas (Rafiqi et al., 2021).However, Armando (1994)  On what is now the east coast of North Sumatra, there was previously the Kingdom of Aru, also known as Aru.The name of this kingdom appears in Javanese manuscripts in the book Pararaton (1336) (known as the Palapa Oath).The Aru Kingdom is described in Malay script such as historical Malay and the Hikayat Raja Pasai.It is modeled after this Islamic culture in the following ways.Fansur was initially converted to Islam by a group led by Nakhoda Ismail and Fakir Muhammad (now Barus) (Rafiqi et al., 2021).
Due to its favorable geographical location, North Sumatra has historically been a busy port, a stopover for Arab Muslim traders, and a trading center.It is clear from Arabic literature that Arab trading ships began visiting Southeast Asia as early as the 7th century AD (Supriatna, 2022).
The Islamization of much of the Sumerian kingdom is said to have occurred around the middle of the thirteenth century.The historical explanation is that during his journey to Pasai in 1292, Marco Polo, a famous Venetian sailor, met Malikussaleh.Further historical evidence that supports this scenario is the 1297 tombstone of Sultan Malikussaleh, which is still located in Pasai.Those who identify as Karo claim that Aru is Haru, derived from the name Karo.As a result, the Kembaren clan founded the Aru society, which is the Karo civilization (Lubis et al., 2023).(3) And the origins of the Gocah hero in the Deli Sultanate.

Data Primary
Interview with concrete sources give data primary, that is Datuk Tengku Adi, a Malay figure who was in charge of overseeing the grave of Panglima Gocah.

Data Secondary
Secondary

Instrument Documentation
A voice recorder is a tool used by researchers to obtain research data.

Researchers can conduct interview
research through sources more easily using voice recordings, allowing them to infer stories from research sources more simply.

Tool write
In

c. Documentation
The process of collecting data in the form of images, archives, letters, book diaries, books, and other materials that support known studies as documentation (Sugiyono, 2019).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A.  He was the first person in the history of the Deli Sultanate, and he later separated into Serdang (Kurniawan, 2018).(1991: 11-12), that the capital of the Haru Kingdom was located in Old Deli (Anisma et al., 2023).

C. Gocah's Role as a Hero in Establishing the Sultanate of Aru Ke Deli
The term Haro is the root of the word describes the sultanate as the most upright and largest sultanate in Sumatra province, with a port frequently visited by foreign ships.The Aru royal navy, which at that time was able to regulate ship traffic through the Malacca Strait, was also highlighted by Tomé Pires in his report.Sulatus' perspective, Aru is a sultanate that is on par with Melaka and Pasai in terms of splendor.China City and Rantang City has been the site of archaeological remains related to the Aru Kingdom.The Haru Kingdom is described in Malay writings as well as the Malay History and Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai.It is modeled after this Islamic culture in the following ways.Fansur was initially converted to Islam by a group led by Nakhoda Ismail and Fakir Muhammad (now Barus).Lamiri was later converted to Islam.Indeed, the Aru Kingdom had a lot of authority in the region.It stretches from the Rokan River, in modern Riau, to the Tamiang River, in Aceh.This clearly extends along the coast of East Sumatra.Due to its location bordering the Strait of Malacca, this kingdom had a significant impact on Southeast Asian trade and maritime activities.The sea trade route that was quite active from the early AD until the 19th century was the Melaka Strait.

The
Kembaren clan reportedly came from Pagaruyung in Tanah Minang in Pustaka Twin (1927).Aru attack Pasai on beginning century 16th and massacred a large number of local residents.However, Pasai responded to the onslaught.Aceh broke through the Aru Kingdom's fortress with a series of attacks.Aceh undertook a strong military expedition after being strong to control the Deli kingdom.In the end, Aceh appointed its commander as State Guard to strengthen its political authority and prevent Deli from rising in rebellion.Seri Paduka Gocah Hero is the name of this leader.He was the first person in the history of the Deli Sultanate (Damanik, 2019).The Haru Kingdom fought against Majapahit once in the early years of expansion.This kingdom was conquered by the Hindu-style Majapahit Kingdom around 1350.On the island of Sumatra, there were the kingdoms of Panai, Kampe and Haru, that existed from the first 17th century until the mid-20th century, when it joined the Republic of Indonesia, despite the fact that Aceh was able to defeat the Aru Kingdom in 1539.On the orders of Sultan Iskandar Muda, the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam, with Tuanku Panglima Gocah Pahlawan as the first Sultan, transformed the Kingdom of Aru into the Sultanate of Deli.This position is closely related to the formation of the Deli Sultanate.After becoming a sultanate, really wanted to carry out a more in-depth study.Writer planned to conduct research called "The Heroic History of Panglima Gocah in the Aru Kingdom" to find out (1) History entry Islam in Kingdom Aru.(2) Early Gocah Pahlawan founded the Aru Ke Deli sultanate.
refers to information gathered from sources other than research actual, like book, publication scientific, notes personal official, archive, or document official Which related with topic Documentation serves as a means of collecting information for use in studies, such as records of artifacts from the palace, records of its remains, or other records relating to the palace, making research, writing tools are used to write or describe the results of data information obtained from sources related to research.In this research, to obtain data sources, researchers collected a number of technique, whereas technique collection data in this research are: a. Observation Direct observation is the method used in this research to obtain data.The opportunity to conduct research to obtain History Heroism Commander Gocah in the…, Sutan Raja Hendi Firmansyah & Laila Rohani, 695-710 DOI: 10.24127/hj.v12i2.10268information that can solve problems related to the subject matter being researched.Direct observation of research items was carried out.Datuk Tengku Adi, who was a Malay figure who guarded the grave of Panglima Gocah.The interviews conducted and submitted to informants aimed to obtain and obtain scientific information about the Gocah Heroes' Cemetery and the history of the Aru Kingdom.
Despite their relative numbers, the people's wealth came from their trade.The country is home to ships renowned for their devastating power and fast speed when traveling (AsseAjis, 2020).Raja Haru is a Muslim from the countryside.This land is difficult to visit because of the many swampy rivers.This is the king's domain.Haru has been at war with Melaka since the formation of the Melaka Kingdom and has looted many of Melaka's citizens.Haru's men suddenly ambush a community and steal valuables.Not to be forgotten are the Melaka residents and fishermen, who are always wary of Haru's attacks due to their longstanding enmity.War is appreciated by the Haru people.Much rice, meat, fish, fruit, and wine were produced in Haru, along with camphor, gold, benzoin, rattan, wax, honey, slaves, and a number of excellent merchants.Through Pasai, Fedir, Fansur, and Minangkabau, the Haru Kingdom was able to obtain the history of its merchandise from the Deli Sultanate and the civilization of its people.Previously there was a slave market in Haru known as Arqat (now Rantauprapat).In the mid-13th century, the Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai and Malay History stated that Nakhoda Ismail and Fakir Muhammad converted the kingdom to Islam.They also reportedly converted Merah Silu, King of Samudera Pasai, to Islam.Chinese records describe similarities between Melaka, Samudera, and Javanese customs with those of Haru, including marriage, funeral ceremonies, language, and woodwork.Residents farm vegetables and fish off the coast to earn a living.However, because the country's terrain is not suitable for growing rice, the majority of the population instead farms coconuts, bananas, and searches for forest goods such as frankincense.They also raise goats, ducks and chickens.Some of the residents also have milk.They took poisoned arrows with them into the forest so they could defend themselves.Both sexes cover part of their bodies with material, leaving the upper part bare., according to Ma Huan, Haru was not a significant commercial center in the fifteenth century, unlike Pasai or Malacca.This kingdom seems to be unable to compete with Melaka and Pasai for the attention of traders who previously often visited China City.At that time, the rulers of Haruan focused on piracy (Fitriani et al., 2022).Haru follows Malay tradition, and his officials at Sulalatus Salatin greet each other with Malay titles such as Raja Pahlawan and Sri Indera.However, this embrace of Malay traditions may not be complete, and native non-Malay elements (Karo and Simalungun) are still present.Regarding the ruler of Aru, it is impossible to divorce the institution position Raja Berempat, which, as Peret (2010) notes, predates the impact of Aceh.One of the rulers of Urung on this beach is Urung Sunggal.B. War to Defend Existence The Haru Kingdom fought against Majapahit once in the early years of expansion.This kingdom was conquered by the Majapahit Kingdom Hindu around 1350.On the island of Sumatra, there were the kingdoms of Panai, Kampe, and Haru, ) had been involved in battles with the Malacca Sultanate on several occasions.Apart from that, Haru formed a political alliance with the Riau-Johor Sultanate in the mid-16th century to thwart the Aceh Sultanate's rise to fame with Melaka across the Malacca Strait.Although Aceh succeeded in overthrowing the Haru Kingdom in 1539, this area consistently rebelled against the Aceh Sultanate.There were also rumors of regular battles between the Aru Kingdom and the Pasai Kingdom (Aceh).Aru attacked Pasai in the early 16th century and massacred a large number of the local population.However, Pasai responded to the attack with retaliation.Aceh broke through the Aru Kingdom's fortress with a series of attacks.After this event, the Haru Kingdom experienced a phase of political disintegration and was attacked and conquered by the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom, which ruled Deli Lama, its capital, in 1539 AD.This is when the fairy tale "The Green Princess" first appeared.After fall Kingdom Haru, kingdoms Malay Islam was founded in the early 1700s AD along the banks of important Sumatran rivers, including Temiang, Langkat, Deli, Serdang, Batu Bara, and Asahan.The Ghuri Kingdom took the former name of the Haru Kingdom towards the end of the 16th century.After that, the Deli Kingdom was founded in the 17th century.Aceh undertook strong military expeditions after being strong for took control of the Deli kingdom.Deli struggled to let go from the Sultanate of Aceh twice, in 1619 and 1642, under the leadership of Sultan Iskandar Muda.In the end, Aceh appointed its commander as State Guard to strengthen its political authority and prevent Deli from rising in rebellion.It was Seri Paduka Gocah Pahlawan who became this commander.
Karo.Haru According to some records, the term Karo comes from Karau, Harau.Haru or Aru.The term "Haru," also known as "Aru," comes from the Old Karo language and means "worried feeling doubtful because of fear."This language is still used today in the Karo and Pakpak languages.The Detro Malay immigrants, also known as the Young Malays, were said to have gone inland to the hilly areas of Bukit Barisan, but the Proto Malays, also known as the Old Malays, who lived in the lowlands along the coast of East Sumatra, feared and denied this (Brahma Putro, 1995: 40).After a protracted life, the name of the Haru Kingdom, or Aru, was replaced by the name of the Deli Sultanate in the early 1600s.In 1669, the Haru area became independent from Aceh and became the Sultanate of Deli.Until now, the majority of historians, both inside and outside Malay ethnic group, agree that Sri Paduka Gocah Pahlawan is founder of the sultanate.Until 1723, when the Serdang Sultanate was founded after the dissolution of Deli due to political disputes which resulted in a shift in power in 1720 (Rini salsa bella hardi, Syaifuddin, 2021).Within the framework of the government of the Republic of Indonesia, Medan City, Deli Serdang Regency, and Serdang Bedagai Regency are the two sultanates in question.Of course, sultanate domains and administrative areas were different from each other.From the first half of the 17th century AD until its accession to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia in the mid-20th century, the kingdom of Deli existed.As long as the Sultan served as a conventional regent, this country was still recognized as a sultanate.The Deli Kingdom experienced several ups and downs during this long period of time.Deli experienced two invasions by the Acehnese monarchy.Deli was obtained from Siak Sri Indrapura when the Siak Kingdom grew stronger in Bengkalis, and then became a colonialist territory.The administrative headquarters of the Deli Sultanate is currently located in Medan City, while the regional cultural domain is located in the Deli Serdang Regency and Medan City.Regency Serdang Different and Regency Deli Serdang is part of the cultural area of the Serdang Sultanate.From ancient times until now, these two Malay sultanates have been linked by kinship and culture.History of the Deli Sultanate and Dutch civilization.Deli finally became part of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (Rahman, 2021).The modern cities of Medan, Langkat, Suka Piring, Buluh Cina, and several other small states along the east coast of Sumatra were part of the Deli Kingdom's domain.East Sumatra included the Deli area during the Dutch colonial era.However, Deli was included in Sumatra Province after Indonesian independence, and this province later developed into North Sumatra Province.The Sultan has the highest authority.Tengku Maha Suri Raja, also known as Tengku Permaisuri, is the title of the Sultan's consort; Tengku Mahkota is the title of the crown prince.Only the title of tengku is held by other sons and daughters.Based on a patrilineal line through the fifth generation, my successors after me also have tail titles.The Sultan is the deputy chief of Malaysian customs in day-to-day operations besides became head of state and Islamic religious affairs.The treasury, harbormaster (trade), and other assistants help the king or sultan carry out their duties (Sitorus* et al., 2023).Then, at the beginning of the 17th century, there were several waves of Karo migration from Bukit Barisan to Langkat, Deli and Serdang.Simalungun then moved to the Malaysian cultural areas of Batubara and Asahan.The Mandailing and Ang Kola tribes respectively moved to Kualuh, Pinang City, Panai and Bilah.Al-Mu'tasim Billah Deli Kingdom is the official name of the Deli Sultanate.Since its founding, it has been known as a fast and sophisticated trading center for the Straits of Malacca.Furthermore, the Dali Sultanate acted as a center for immigrants from all over the world, including Sumatran and other island tribes, as well as Tamil, Bengali, Chinese, and European immigrants.Since this region has become the epicenter of world-famous Deli tobacco production, the demographic map of the Deli Sultanate has also expanded.Due to its prosperity, the sultanate had little difficulty creating its culture, which included several Malay sultanates and symbols.Maimun Palace and Al-Mansun Grand Mosque are two of its symbols.

(
Wellfelt & Djonler, 2019).Gocah Pahlawan was the person who laid the foundation for the Sultanate of Deli, according to the descendants of the Sultan of Deli himself.The title given to Muhammad Hisamud-din Dalik Khan by Sultan Iskandar Muda(Aceh, 1607(Aceh,  -1636)   )    was actually called Gocah Pahlawan(Dada   Meuraxa, 1973; Moehammad Said, tt: 11-  12).From a genealogical perspective, not only the sultan of Serdang but also the Sultanate of Deli are descendants of the same family, namely the descendants of Gocah Pahlawan.Although there is a common belief that Gocah Pahlawan is the Sultan of Deli and Serdang ancestors, Deli origins and even Serdang sources, disagree about the origins of Gocah Pahlawan (Sitorus et al., 2020).Gocah Pahlawan's origins are linked to India, according to Deli sources.Gocah Pahlawan, who is the first descendant of the descendants of the Deli Sultanate, is said to have descended from the famous Indian whose name was originally Mohammad Dalik Khan bin Bahatsit Syekh Matyuddin Hindustan.The name Gocah Pahlawan indicates that he is an Indian Muslim.The ship he was on was stuck in the sea of the kingdom of Pasai-Aceh on its way to the archipelago.On the other hand, according to source Serdang, Gocah Hero Which named Indra Yazid is a descendant of the kings of Siguntang Mahameru Hill.This is a sacred hill rich in mythology.Yazid then left Pagaruyung after falling out with his father, the king of the state.He boarded an Indian merchant ship and met with misfortune, leaving him trapped in Pasai Aceh.What's interesting about the two versions is how similar the plots are, with Gocah Pahlawan ending up trapped in Pasai Aceh.Field data: I spoke with Tengku Adi, a Malay grave guard at the Gocah Pahlawan cemetery, who claims to be the first Islamic king and one of the oldest in East Sumatra.Hero Gocah (1632 AD) began his career in the 16th century.Gocah Because this hero's real name includes the family name Khan, he comes from Hindustan.And as a warlord in one of the kingdoms of Aceh, he moved to Nanggroe, Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia.and he married one of the Acehnese women.However, as a warlord, he overthrew the kingdom of Haru (Aru), which originated from the kingdom of the Karo tribe, as it grew into East Sumatra.Apart from choosing the royal empress Aru and succeed seize kingdom, He in a way simultaneously spread Islam throughout the Kingdom and beyond.The tomb still remains on the hill where the Gocah heroes were buried after their deaths, in the ancient Deli part of Deli Serdang Regency (Nik Hasan & Arai, 2024).According to Pak Tengku Adi, the tomb of the hero Gocah was destroyed.However, due to the excess abilities of Gocah, or Karamah, during his lifetime, the tomb could not be moved or destroyed.And the tomb remains strong.on a small hill reserved for the burial of Gocah Heroes.Wak Suyatno Gocah claims that the hero spread Islam throughout the Aru kingdom, namely in the former Si Biru area of the ancient Deli district, all the way to Serdang Bedagai Regency.In the Aru kingdom, he also founded a new culture and built Islamic schools, Pahlawan was the founder of the sultanate when it was still known as the Deli Sultanate.Until it appears internal disagreement Dissolution Deli and establishment of the Sultanate Serdang in 1723 was caused by a shift in power in 1720.Currently, Medan City, Deli Serdang Regency, and Serdang Bedagai Regency are two sultanates that form the government of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.Of course, the sultanate and other regions are different and administrative regions.Then, at the beginning of the 17th century, there were several waves of Karo migration from Bukit Barisan to Langkat, Deli and Serdang.Simalungun then moved to the Malaysian cultural areas of Batubara and Asahan.The Mandailing and Angolan tribes have moved to Kualuh, Pinang City, Panai and Bilah.Around the beginning of the 17th century, Urung in the Deli area was rebuilt as one of Urung XII Kuta.The Green Princess Fort, a remnant of the Aru empire, is located in the Namorambe district of North Sumatra in the Deli Serdang area.The fort was damaged when a private developer built a house there.This empire was originally founded in Besitang although it is now located in Deli Lama.In the seventeenth century, Haru developed into the Langkat Sultanate, a kingdom located north of the Deli Sultanate, apart from the Deli Sultanate.In East Sumatra or North Sumatra Province, Deli, a former sultanate, is now recognized as a symbol of Malay culture and civilization.Over time, the Deli Sultanate became a stronghold and center for the spread of Islam and Malay culture in this region.Even after the Social Revolution in 1946, the sultanate, the people and the government of the Republic of Indonesia collaborated to maintain the sultanate's institutions.Since then, the Malay sultans in this region have become more renowned for their authority as native leaders.Thus, the phrase suggests that the Malay sultans were the heads of culture and civilization, especially considering the destructive effects of globalization and societal change.

The entry of Islam into the Aru Kingdom
Kingdom Haru.The largest kingdom on the island of Sumatra is called Haru.