Volume: 2 • Issue: 1 • April 2022

A list the abstract. Keywords in English should be consistent with “Medical Subject (MESH)”. You can read the review about COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy in this issue. As some variants of SARS-CoV-2 showed more severe pattern in pregnant women, vaccination has been recommended by several societies and guidelines for pregnant women to decrease both maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidities associated with COVID-19 infection. This review will provide important recent data about this subject. You can also find an original article that evaluated the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy on insulin resistance in patients with breast cancer. The role of biomarkers for intubation of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit has also been evaluated in another study. The route of clinical transmission and clinical course of COVID-19 infection in health professionals were established in a original study. Last study in this issue focused on the extended intensive care process and cost analysis of COVID-19 infection. You can read two different case reports. One case report was associated with patient management with pulmonary embolism response team in the emergency department. The other case report defined the treatment of isolated penile Fournier’s gangrene and also reviewed the current literature about this topic.

Open Access Policy is based on rules of Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI). By "open access" to [peer-reviewed research literature], we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.

Creative Commons
A Creative Commons license is a public copyright license that provides free distribution of copyrighted works or studies. Authors use the CC license to transfer the right to use, share or modify their work to third parties. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) which permits third parties to share and adapt the content for non-commerical purposes by giving the apropriate credit to the original work.
Open access is an approach that supports interdisciplinary development and encourages collaboration between different disciplines. Therefore, Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal contributes to the scientific publishing literature by providing more access to its articles and a more transparent review process.

Advertisement Policy
Potential advertisers should contact the Editorial Office. Advertisement images are published only upon the Editor-in-Chief's approval.

Material Disclaimer
Statements or opinions stated in articles published in the journal do not reflect the views of the editors, editorial board and/or publisher; The editors, editorial board and publisher do not accept any responsibility or liability for such materials. All opinions published in the journal belong to the authors.

Peer-Review
Submission is considered on the conditions that papers are previously unpublished and are not offered simultaneously elsewhere; that authors have read and approved the content, and all authors have also declared all competing interests; and that the work complies with the Ethical Approval and has been conducted under internationally accepted ethical standards. If ethical misconduct is suspected, the Editorial Board will act in accordance with the relevant international rules of publication ethics (i.e., COPE guidelines).
Editorial policies of the journal are conducted as stated in the rules recommended by the Council of Science Editors and reflected in the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication. Accordingly, authors, reviewers, and editors are expected to adhere to the best practice guidelines on ethical behavior contained in this statement.
Submitted manuscripts are subjected to double-blinded peer-review. The scientific board guiding the selection of the papers to be published in the journal consists of elected specialists of the journal and, if necessary, selected from national and international experts in the relevant field of research. All manuscripts are reviewed by the editor, section associate editors and at least three internal and external expert reviewers. All research articles are interpreted by a statistical editor as well.

Human and Animal Rights
For the experimental, clinical and drug human studies, approval by ethical committee and a statement on the adherence of the study protocol to the international agreements (World Medical Association Association of Helsinki "Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, " amended October 2013) are required. In experimental animal studies, the authors should indicate that the procedures followed were by animal rights (Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals), and they should obtain animal ethics committee approval. The Ethics Committee approval document should be submitted to the Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal (CSMJ) together with the manuscript.
The approval of the ethics committee, statement on the adherence to international guidelines mentioned above and that the patient's informed consent is obtained should be indicated in the `Material and Method` section and is required for case reports whenever data/media used could reveal the identity of the patient. The declaration of the conflict of interest between authors, institutions, acknowledgement of any financial or material support, aid is mandatory for authors submitting a manuscript, and the statement should appear at the end of the manuscript. Reviewers are required to report if any potential conflict of interest exists between the reviewer and authors, institutions.

Plagiarism and Ethical Misconduct
This journal uses "iThenticate" to screen all submissions for plagiarism before publication.
It is essential that authors avoid all forms of plagiarism and ethical misconduct as represented below.
Plagiarism: To Republish whole or part of a content in another author's publication without attribution.
Fabrication: To publish data and findings/results that do not exist.
Duplication: Using data from another publication that includes republishing an article in different languages.
Salamisation: Creating multiple publications by supernaturally splitting the results of a study.
Data Manipulation/Falsification: Manipulating or deliberately distorting research data to give a false impression.
We disapprove of such unethical practices as plagiarism, fabrication, duplication, data manipulation/falsification and salamisation and efforts to influence the review process with such practices as gifting authorship, inappropriate acknowledgements, and references in line with the COPE flowcharts.
Submitted manuscripts are also subjected to the evaluation of plagiarism, duplicate publication by automatic software. Authors are obliged to acknowledge if they published study results in whole or in part in the form of abstracts.

Handling of unethical publishing behaviour
The publisher will take all appropriate measures to modify the article in question, in close cooperation with the editors, in cases of alleged or proven scientific misconduct, fraudulent publication, or plagiarism. This includes the prompt publication of an erratum, disclosure, or retraction of the affected work in the most severe case. Together with the editors, the publisher will take reasonable steps to detect and prevent the publication of articles in which research misconduct occurs and will under no circumstances promote or knowingly allow such abuse to occur.

Editorial Autonomy
Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal (CSMJ) is committed to ensuring the autonomy of editorial decisions without influence from anyone or commercial partners.

Intellectual Property and Copyright
Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal (CSMJ) protects the property and copyright of the articles published in the journal and maintains each article's published version of the record. The journal provides the integrity and transparency of each published article.

Scientific Misconduct
Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal (CSMJ)'s publisher always takes all appropriate measures regarding fraudulent publication or plagiarism.

Decision on Publication and Responsibility
The editor of the journal keeps under control everything in the journal and strives to meet the needs of readers and authors. The editor is also responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal should be published and guided by the policies subjected to legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editor might discuss with reviewers while making publication decisions. The editor is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. Editor ought to provide a fair and appropriate peer-review process.

Objectivity
Articles that are submitted to the journal are always evaluated without any prejudice.

Confidentiality
The editor must not disclose any information about a submitted article to anyone other than editorial staff, reviewers, and publisher.

Conflicts of Interest and Disclosure
Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal (CSMJ) does not allow any conflicts of interest between the parties such as authors, reviewers and editors. Unpublished materials in a submitted article must not be used by anyone without the express written assent of the author.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works
Authors are obliged to notify the journal's editors or publisher immediately and to cooperate with them to correct or retract the article if significant errors or inaccuracies are detected in the published work. If the editors or publisher learn from a third party that a published work contains a material error or inaccuracy, the authors must promptly correct or retract the article or provide the journal editors with evidence of the accuracy of the article.

Evaluation
Reviewers evaluate manuscripts without origin, gender, sexual orientation or political philosophy of the authors. Reviewers also ensure a fair blind peer review of the submitted manuscripts for evaluation.

Confidentiality
All the information relative to submitted articles is kept confidential. The reviewers must not be discussed with others except if authorized by the editor.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest
The reviewers have no conflict of interest regarding parties such as authors, funders, editors, etc.

Contribution to editor
Reviewers help the editor in making decisions and may also assist the author in improving the manuscript.

Objectivity
They always do objective judgment evaluation. The reviewers express their views clearly with appropriate supporting arguments.

Acknowledgement of Sources
Reviewers ought to identify a relevant published study that the authors have not cited. Reviewers also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

Reporting Standards
A submitted manuscript should be original, and the authors ensure that the manuscript has never been published previously in any journal. Data of the research ought to be represented literally in the article. A manuscript ought to include adequate detail and references to allow others to replicate the study.

Originality
The authors who want to submit their study to the journal must ensure that their study is entirely original. The words and sentences getting from the literature should be appropriately cited.

Multiple Publications
Authors should not submit the same study for publishing in any other journals. Simultaneous submission of the same study to more than one journal is unacceptable and constitutes unethical behaviour.

Acknowledgement of Sources
Convenient acknowledgement of the study of others has to be given. Authors ought to cite publications that have been efficient in determining the study. All of the sources that used the process of the study should be remarked.

Authorship of a Paper
Authorship of a paper ought to be limited to those who have made a noteworthy contribution to the study. If others have participated in the research, they should be listed as contributors. Authorship also includes a corresponding author who is in communication with the editor of a journal. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors are included in a paper.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
All sources of financial support should be disclosed. All authors ought to disclose a meaningful conflict of interest in the process of forming their study. Any financial grants or other support received for a submitted study from individuals or institutions should be disclosed to the Editorial Board of the Cam ve Sakura Medical Journal (CSMJ). The ICMJE Potential Conflict of Interest Disclosure Form should be filled in and submitted by all contributing authors to disclose a potential conflict of interest. The journal's Editorial Board determines cases of a potential conflict of interest Conditions that provide financial or personal benefit bring about a conflict of interest. The reliability of the scientific process and the published articles is directly related to the objective consideration of conflicts of interest during the planning, implementation, writing, evaluation, editing, and publication of scientific studies.
Financial relations are the most easily identified conflicts of interest, and it is inevitable that they will undermine the credibility of the journal, the authors, and the science. These conflicts can be caused by individual relations, academic competition, or intellectual approaches. The authors should refrain as much as possible from making agreements with sponsors in the opinion of gaining profit or any other advantage that restrict their ability to access all data of the study or analyze, interpret, prepare, and publish their articles In order to prevent conflicts of interest, editors should refrain from bringing together those who may have any relationship between them during the evaluation of the studies. The editors, who make the final decision about the articles, should not have any personal, professional or financial ties with any of the issues they are going to decide.
Authors should inform the editorial board concerning potential conflicts of interest to ensure that their articles will be evaluated within the framework of ethical principles through an independent assessment process.
If one of the editors is an author in any manuscript, the editor is excluded from the manuscript evaluation process. In order to prevent any conflict of interest, the article evaluation process is carried out as double-blinded. Because of the double-blinded evaluation process, except for the Editorin-Chief, none of the editorial board members, international advisory board members, or reviewers is informed about the authors of the manuscript or institutions of the authors.
Our publication team works devotedly to ensuring that the evaluation process is conducted impartially, considering all these situations.
The conflict of interest form that each author has to sign must be uploaded during the manuscript submission.

Editorial, Publication and Peer-review Process
The editorial and publication processes of the journal are established in accordance with the international guidelines. The most important criteria of the manuscripts for publication include originality, scientific quality, and citation potential. The authors should guarantee that the manuscripts have not been previously published and/or are under consideration for publication elsewhere. The scientific and ethical liability of the manuscripts belongs to the authors, and the copyright of the manuscripts belongs to CSMJ. Authors are responsible for the contents of the manuscript and the accuracy of the references. All manuscripts submitted for publication must be accompanied by the Copyright Agreement and Authorship Acknowledgement Form. The manuscript should be submitted when this form has been signed by all the authors. By the submission of this form, it is understood that neither the manuscript nor the data it contains have been submitted elsewhere or previously published, and authors declare the statement of scientific contributions and responsibilities of all authors. Manuscripts submitted to the CSMJ will be evaluated by a double-blind peer-review process. Each submission will be reviewed by the chief editor, deputy and associate editors and at least two external, independent peer expert reviewers. The editorial board will invite an external and independent editor to manage the evaluation processes of manuscripts submitted by editors or by the editorial board members of the journal. The reviewers will be requested to complete the review process within 6-8 weeks. Authors will be informed within a period of 8 weeks about the process. Upon review, those manuscripts, which are accepted, shall be published in the journal and issued on http://www.csmedj.org. CSMJ does not charge any article submission or processing charges.

General Guidelines
Manuscripts can only be submitted electronically through the Manuscript Manager website (csmedj.manuscriptmanager.net) after creating an account. This system allows online submission and review. Format: Manuscripts should be prepared using Microsoft Word, size A4 with 2.5 cm margins on all sides, 12 pt Arial font and 1.5 line spacing. Abbreviations: Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter. Internationally accepted abbreviations should be used; refer to scientific writing guides as necessary. Manuscripts are accepted only online and can be submitted electronically through web site (http://csmedj.org) after creating an account. This system allows online submission and review. The ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) number of the correspondence author should be provided while sending the manuscript. A free registration can be done at http:// orcid.org. The manuscripts gathered with this system are archived according to ICMJE-www.icmje.org, Index Medicus (Medline/PubMed) and Ulakbim-Turkish Medicine Index Rules. Rejected manuscripts, except artworks, are not returned. All pages of the manuscript should be numbered at the top right-hand corner, except for the title page. Papers should include the necessary number of tables and figures in order to provide a better understanding. The rules for the title page, references, figures and tables are valid for all types of articles published in this journal. Manuscripts submitted to the journal will first go through a technical evaluation process where the editorial office staff will ensure that the manuscript has been prepared and submitted in accordance with the journal's guidelines. Submissions that do not conform to the journal's guidelines will be returned to the submitting author with technical correction requests.

Ethical Guidelines
An approval of research protocols by the Ethics Committee in accordance with international agreements (World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki "Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, " amended in October 2013, www.wma.net) is required for experimental, clinical, and drug studies. Information about patient consent, the name and approval number of the ethics committee should be stated in the manuscript. Submissions that do not have ethical approval will be rejected after editorial review due to the lack of approval. For experimental studies performed on animals, approval of research protocols by the Ethics Committee in accordance with international agreements is required. Also, a statement including measures for the Volume: 2 • Issue: 1 • April 2022

Instructions to Authors
prevention of pain and suffering should be declared in the manuscript. For manuscripts concerning experimental research on humans, a statement should be included that written informed consent of patients and volunteers was obtained following a detailed explanation of the procedures that they may undergo. The authors have the responsibility to protect the patients' anonymity carefully. For photographs that may reveal the identity of the patients, signed releases of the patient or their legal representative should be obtained, and publication approval must be provided in the manuscript. Authors must provide disclosure/acknowledgement of financial or material support, if any was received, for the submitted study. If the article includes any direct or indirect commercial links or if any institution provided material support to the study, authors must state in the cover letter that they have no relationship with the commercial product, drug, a pharmaceutical company. Concerned; or specify the type of relationship. Authors must provide a conflict of interest statement and an authorship contribution form. The scientific board guiding the selection of the papers to be published in the Journal consists of elected experts of the Journal, and if necessary, selected from national and international authorities. The Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editors, biostatistics expert and language editors may make minor corrections to accepted manuscripts that do not change the main text of the paper.

Plagiarism and Ethical Misconduct
Cam & Sakura Medical Journal is sensitive about plagiarism. All submissions are screened by a similarity detection software (iThenticate by CrossCheck) at any point during the peer-review and/or production process. Authors are strongly recommended to avoid any form of plagiarism and ethical misconduct for the prevention of acceptance and/or publication processes. Results indicating plagiarism may result in manuscripts being returned for revision or rejected. In case of any suspicion or claim regarding scientific shortcomings or ethical infringement, the journal reserves the right to submit the manuscript to the supporting institutions or other authorities for investigation. CSMJ accepts the responsibility of initiating action but does not undertake any responsibility for an actual investigation or any power of decision.

Statistics
Every submission that contains statistical analyses or data-processing steps must explain the statistical methods in a detailed manner, either in the Methods or the relevant figure legend. Any special statistical code or software needed for scientists to reuse or reanalyse datasets should be discussed. We encourage authors to make openly available any code or scripts that would help readers reproduce any data-processing steps. Authors are also encouraged to summarize their datasets with descriptive statistics which should include the n value for each dataset; a clearly labelled measure of centre (such as the mean or the median); and a clearly labelled measure of variability (such as standard deviation or range). Ranges are more appropriate than standard deviations or standard errors for small datasets. Graphs should include clearly labelled error bars. Authors must state whether a number that follows the ± sign is a standard error (s.e.m.) or a standard deviation (s.d.). Authors must clearly explain the independence of any replicate measurements, and 'technical replicates'repeated measurements on the same sample -should be clearly identified. When hypothesis-based tests must be used, authors should state the name of the statistical test; the n value for each statistical analysis; the comparisons of interest; a justification for the use of that test (including, for example, a discussion of the normality of the data when the test is appropriate only for normal data); the alpha level for all tests, whether the tests were one-tailed or two-tailed; and the actual p-value for each test (not merely 'significant' or 'p < 0.05'). It should be clear what statistical test was used to generate every p-value. Use of the word 'significant' should always be accompanied by a p-value; otherwise, use 'substantial' , 'considerable' , etc. Multiple test corrections must be used when appropriate and described in detail in the manuscript. All manuscripts selected for full peer review will be assessed by a statistical editor, and their comments must be addressed in full.

Preparation of the Manuscript a. Title Page
The title page should include the full title of the manuscript; information about the author(s) including names, affiliations, highest academic degree and ORCID numbers; contact information (address, phone, mail) of the corresponding author. If the content of the paper has been presented before, and if the summary has been published, the time and place of the conference should be denoted on this page. If any grants or other financial support has been given by any institutions or firms for the study, information must be provided by the authors. For regular article submissions, "What's known on this subject?" and the "What this study adds?" summaries. This page should include the title of the manuscript, short title, name(s) of the authors and author information. The following descriptions should be stated in the given order: 1. Title of the manuscript (English), as concise and explanatory as possible, including no abbreviations, up to 135 characters 2. Short title (English), up to 60 characters 3. Name(s) and surname(s) of the author(s) (without abbreviations and academic titles) and affiliations 4. Name, address, e-mail, phone and fax number of the corresponding author 5. The place and date of the scientific meeting in which the manuscript was presented and its abstract published in the abstract book, if applicable. 6. The ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) number of all authors should be provided while sending the manuscript. A free registration can be done at http://orcid.org

b. Abstract
The abstract should summarize the manuscript and should not exceed 300 words. The abstract of the original articles consists of subheadings including "Objective, Methods, Results, and Conclusion". Separate abstract sections are not used in the submission of the review articles, case reports, technical reports, diagnostic puzzles, clinical images, and novel articles. The use of abbreviations should be avoided. Any abbreviations used must be taken into consideration independently of the abbreviations used in the text.

c. Keywords
A list of minimum 4, but no more than 6 keywords must follow the abstract. Keywords in English should be consistent with "Medical Subject Headings (MESH)".

d. Original Article
The instructions in general guidelines should be followed. The main headings of the text should include "Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, Study Limitations and Conclusion". The introduction should include the rationale and the background of the study. The results of the study should not be discussed in this part. "Materials and methods" section should be presented in sufficient details to permit the repetition of the work. The statistical methods used should be clearly indicated. Results should also be given in detail to allow the reproduction of the study. The Discussion section should provide a correct and thorough interpretation of the results with the relevant literature. The results should not be repeated in the Discussion Part. The references should be directly related to the findings of the authors. Study Limitation should be detailed in the section. The conclusion section should be highlighted and interpreted with the study's new and important findings.
The excessive use of abbreviations is to be avoided. All abbreviations should be defined when first used by placing them in brackets after the full term. Abbreviations made in the abstract and in the text are taken into consideration separately. Abbreviations of the full terms stated in the abstract must be re-abbreviated after the same full term in the text.
Original Articles should be no longer than 3500 words and include no more than 6 tables and 7 or a total of 15 figures and 40 references. The abstract word limit must be 250.

Introduction
The article should begin with a brief introduction stating why the study was undertaken within the context of previous reports.

Materials and Methods
These should be described and referenced in sufficient detail for other investigators to repeat the work. Ethical consent should be included, as stated above. The name of the ethical committee, approval number should be stated. At the same time, the Ethics Committee Approval Form should be uploaded with the article.

Results
The Results section should briefly present the experimental data in text, tables, and/or figures. Do not compare your observations with that of others in the results section.

Discussion
The Discussion should focus on the interpretation and significance of the findings with concise and objective comments that describe their relation to other work in that area and contain study limitations.

Study Limitations
Limitations of the study should be detailed. In addition, an evaluation of the implications of the obtained findings/results for future research should be outlined.

Conclusion
The conclusion of the study should be highlighted.

e. References
The reference list should be typed on a separate page at the end of the manuscript. Both in-text citations and references must be prepared according to the Vancouver style. Accuracy of reference data is the author's responsibility. While citing publications, preference should be given to the latest, most up-to-date references. The DOI number should be provided for citation of ahead-of-print publication, Journal titles should be abbreviated in accordance with the journal abbreviations in Index Medicus/MEDLINE/ PubMed. All authors should be listed in the presence of six or fewer authors. If there are seven or more authors, the first three authors should

Reviews
Reviews will be prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a particular field and whose scientific background has been translated into a high volume of publications with a high citation potential are welcomed. These authors and subjects will be invited by the journal. All reviews within the scope of the journal will be taken into consideration by the editors; also, the editors may solicit a review related to the scope of the journal from any specialist and experienced authority in the field.
The entire text should not exceed 25 pages (A4, formatted as specified above).
Reviews should be no longer than 5000 words and include no more than 6 tables and 10 or a total of 20 figures and 80 references. The abstract word limit must be 250.

Case Reports
Case reports should present important and rare clinical experiences. It must provide novel and/or rare clinical data or new insights to the literature. Case reports should consist of an unstructured abstract (maximum 150 words) that summarizes the case. They should consist of the following parts: introduction, case report, discussion. Informed consent or signed releases from the patient or legal representative should be obtained and stated in the manuscript. Reviews should be no longer than 1000 words and include no more than 200 tables and 10 or a total of 20 figures and 15 references. The abstract word limit must be 150.

Clinical Images
The journal publishes original, interesting, and high quality clinical images having a brief explanation (maximum 500 words excluding references but including figure legends) and of educational significance. It can be signed by no more than 5 authors and can have no more than 5 references and 1 figure or table. Any information that might identify the patient or hospital, including the date, should be removed from the image. An abstract is not required with this type of manuscripts. The main text of clinical images should be structured with the following subheadings: Case, and References.

Video Article
Video articles should include a brief introduction on case, surgery technique or a content of the video material. The main text should not exceed 500 words. References are welcomed and should not be more than 5. Along with the main document, video material and 3 images should be uploaded during submission. Video format must be mp4 and its size should not exceed 100 MB and be up to 10 minutes. Author should select 3 images, as highlights of the video, and provide them with appropriate explanations. Video and images must be cited within main text.

Technical reports
Technical reports are formal reports designed to convey technical information in a clear and easily accessible format. A technical report should describe the process, progress, or results of technical or scientific research or the state of a technical or scientific research problem. It might also include recommendations and conclusions of the research. Technical reports must include the following sections: abstract, introduction, technical report, discussion, conclusions, references. Technical reports should contain less than 20 references.

Diagnostic puzzle
Diagnostic puzzles report unusual cases that make an educational point. Since the aim of these articles is to stimulate the reader to think about the case, the title should be ambiguous and not give away the final diagnosis immediately. Diagnostic puzzles should include an introduction and answer part. The introduction part should include a brief clinical introduction to a case (maximum 250 words) followed by an image and a question designed to stimulate the reader to think about what the image shows. The legend should not indicate the diagnosis but should simply describe the nature of the image. Then, the answer part should appear later (maximum 250 words) outlines a brief description of the key diagnostic features of the image, the outcome, and a teaching point. Diagnostic puzzles will not include more than 5 references. The quality of the image must be at least 300dpi and in TIFF, JPEG, GIF or EPS format. Videos are also welcome and should be in .mov, .avi, or .mpeg format.

Novel insight
This section will offer an opportunity for articles instead of the traditional category of Case Reports. Submissions to this section should contribute significant new insights into syndromological problems, molecular approach and real novelties on recognized or entirely new genetic syndromes or a new technique. The novel aspect(s) can be in the phenotype and/or genotype, the presentation, and the investigation. Submissions can be based around a single case or serial cases. Manuscripts for this section will go through the usual peer reviewing process. The manuscripts should contain abstract (maximum 150 words), a brief introduction, case report(s) and discussion.

Letters to the Editor
This section welcomes manuscripts that discuss important parts, overlooked aspects, or lacking parts of a previously published article in this journal. In addition, articles on subjects within the scope of the journal that might have an attraction including educative cases, may also be submitted in the form of a "Letter to the Editor. " The manuscripts for this section should be written in an unstructured text including references. The editor may request responses to the letters. There are no separate sections in the text. Letter to the editors should be no longer than 500 words.

Revision Process
During the submission of the revised version of a manuscript, the authors should submit a detailed "Response to the reviewers and editors" that states point by point how each issue raised by the reviewers and/or editors has been replied to and where it can be found (each reviewer's comment, followed by the author's reply and line numbers where the changes have been made) as well as an annotated copy of the main document. Revised manuscripts should be submitted within 30 days from the date of the decision letter. If the revised version of the manuscript is not submitted within the allocated time, the revision option may be cancelled. Accepted manuscripts are copy-edited for grammar, punctuation, and format. Once the publication process of a manuscript is completed, it is published online on the journal's webpage as an ahead-of-print publication before it is included in its scheduled issue.