Thermal Science 2024 Volume 28, Issue 2 Part C, Pages: 1881-1891
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI230604228P
Full text ( 815 KB)
Comparative temperature and consumption data measurement of model buildings with different thermal time constants
Pager Szabolcs (Doctoral School of Mechanical Engineering, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, Hungary), szabolcs.pager@gmail.com
Foldi Laszlo (Department of Mechatronics, Centre for Economic Digitisation, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, Hungary)
Geczi Gabor (Department of Environmental Analysis and Environmental Technology, Institute of Environmental Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, Hungary)
In this study, three identically designed model buildings and their heating energy consumption was compared. Those pilot scale buildings are equal by size and were located on the same location. During the measuring campaign both external and internal temperatures were recorded, beside the energy consumption. The model buildings were labeled as A (constant baseline), B (baseline varying according to a time program), and C (unheated, blank). During the measurements, the thermal mass of the buildings was altered. The same amount of thermal mass was installed in all three model buildings during all measurements. According to our results under real weather conditions, the intermittent heating requires less energy than maintaining a constant temperature, and the energy saving is inversely proportional to the time constant at intermittent heating. Instead of specific heat mass, a thermal time constant was used to compare intermittent and constant heating. It was established that as the thermal constant of the model building increases, the energy savings between maintaining a variable base temperature and maintaining a constant base temperature decrease. The expected savings are between 4% and 7%.
Keywords: Energy savings, temperature and consumption measurement, Building energy, Model building, comparative study
Show references
***, Council of the European Union, https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/climate-change/
***, Council of the European Union, https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/fit-for-55-making-buildings-in-the-eu-greener/
Harish, V. S. K. V., Kumar A., A Review of Modeling and Simulation of Building Energy Systems, Re-newable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56 (2016), Apr., pp. 1272-1292
***, European Comission, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/TEN00124/default/ta-ble?lang=en&category=nrg.nrg_quant.nrg_quanta.nrg_bal
Csoknyai, T., A Magyarországi Lakóépület Állomány Energetikai Elemzése Épülettipológián Alapuló Modellezéssel, (Energy Analysis of the Residential Building Stock in Hungary Based on Building Typol-ogy Modeling - in Hungarien), Ph.D. thesis, Magyar Épületgépészet LXXI, 2022, pp. 3-10
***, International Energy agency, https://www.iea.org/
***, Hungarian 7/2006 TNM Energy Efficiency Regulation for Buildings, https://net.jogtar.hu/jogsza-baly?docid=A0600007.TNM&searchUrl=/gyorskereso?keyword%3D7/2006%2520TNM
***, Hungarian Central Statistical Office, https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/ara/hu/ara0044.html
Alsaffar, A., Alwan, Q. A., Energy Savings in Thermal Insulations for Sustainable Buildings, Journal of Engineering, 20 (2023), 6, pp. 63-76
Afroz Z., et al., Tuning Approach of Dynamic Control Strategy of Temperature Set-Point for Existing Commercial Buildings, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 609 (2019), 062029
Bauman M., Vélemény a szakaszos fűtés energiatakarékosságáról, (Opinion on the Energy Efficiency of Periodic Heating in Water, Gas, Heating Technology, and Cooling - in Hungarian), Víz, Gaz, Futestech-nika es Huto, Klima Legtechnika Szaklap, https://www.vgfszaklap.hu/lapszamok/2000/november/136-velemeny-a-szakaszos-futes-energiatakarekossagrol, 2000
***, International Energy Agency, Playing my part, IEA, Paris (2022) https://www.iea.org/reports/play-ing-my-part
Obradovich, N., et al., Nighttime Temperature and Human Sleep Loss in a Changing Climate, Science Advances, 3 (2017), 5, 1601555
Okamoto-Mizuno, K., Effects of Thermal Environment on Sleep and Circadian Rhythm., J. Physiol. An-thropol., 31 (2012), 14
Harding, E. C., et al., The Temperature Dependence of Sleep, Front Neurosci, 13 (2019), Apr., pp. 1-16
Shin, M., et al., The Effects of Fabric for Sleepwear and Bedding on Sleep at Ambient Temperatures of 17 °C and 22 °C, Nature and Science of Sleep, 8 (2016), Apr., pp. 121-131
Shan, L. et al., Effects of Ambient Temperatures on Sleeping Thermal Comfort and Respiratory Immunity: A Winter Field Study in College Students, Journal of Building Engineering, 52 (2022), 104375
Lv, X., et al., Energy Consumption Modelling Analysis of Prefabricated Buildings Based on KPCA - WL SSVM, Thermal Science, 26 (2022), 5A, pp. 4031-4042
Dreau L. J., Heiselberg, P., Energy Flexibility of Residential Buildings Using Short Term Heat Storage in the Thermal Mass, Energy, 111 (2016), Sept., pp. 991-1002
Liu, Z. Q., et al., Simulation on Building Energy Consumption for a Residential Building, Applied Me-chanics and Materials, 492 (2014), Jan., pp. 143-146
Clarke, J. A., Energy Simulation is Building Design, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 1985
Levermore, G., Time Constants for Understanding Building Dynamics, Journal of Building Services En-gineering Research and Technology, 41 (2019), 3, pp. 234-246
Li, Y., et al., Thermal Mass Design in Buildings - Heavy or Light?, International Journal of Ventilation, 5 (2016), 1, pp. 143-150
Nowarski, J., Thermal Time Constatnt - TTC, Zenodo, version 2.1.1, 2022, DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6530723
Pager, Sz., et al., Creation and Validation of Simplified Mathematical Model for Residential Building Energy Analysis in Matlab Environment, Mechanical Engineering Letters, 22 (2022), pp. 26-41