Archives of Biological Sciences 2015 Volume 67, Issue 3, Pages: 869-876
https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS141031046D
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Responses of antioxidant enzymes and heat shock proteins in drosophila to treatment with a pesticide mixture
Doganlar Oguzhan (Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Edirne, Turkey)
Doganlar Banu Zeynep (Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Edirne, Turkey)
The effects of a mixture of seven pesticides were examined on the expression
of antioxidant enzymes, Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), catalase (CAT),
glutathione synthetase (GS), and heat shock proteins (HSP) 26, 60, 70 and 83
in adult fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster Oregon R). The flies were
reared under controlled conditions on artificial diets and treated with a
mixture of seven pesticides (molinate, thiobencarb, linuron, phorate,
primiphos-methyl, fenvalerate and lambda-cyhalothrin) commonly found in
water, at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 parts per billion (ppb) for 1 and
5 days. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of Mn-SOD, CAT and GS
expression revealed that the analyzed markers responded significantly to
pesticide-induced oxidative stress, in particular on the 5th day of
treatment. On the 1st day of treatment, the relative expression of HSP26 and
HSP60 genes increased only after exposure to the highest concentrations of
pesticides, whereas HSP70 and HSP83 expression increased after exposure to
0.5 and 1 ppb. After five days of treatment, the expression of all HSP genes
was increased after exposure to all pesticide concentrations. A positive
correlation was determined between the relative expression levels of some
HSPs (except HSP60), and antioxidant genes. The observed changes in
antioxidant enzyme and HSP mRNA levels in D. melanogaster suggest that the
permissible limits of pesticide concentrations for clean drinking water
outlined in the regulations of several countries are potentially cytotoxic.
The presented findings lend support for reevaluation of these limits.
Keywords: pesticide, qRT-PCR, antioxidant genes, HSP, Drosophila