본 연구는 사회 문제 해결의 새로운 대안으로 출현한 사회적기업의 조직간 네트워크의 특성을 네트워크 분석(Social Network Analysis)을 통해 살펴보고 중심성(Centrality)과 같은 구조적 특성이 사회적․ 경제적 성과에 미치는 영향력을 분석하는데 목적이 있다.
분석결과 첫째, 사회적기업간 네트워크 연계 수준을 살펴본 결과, 정보교환, 기업간 상호거래, 조직간 협의 순으로 연계가 이루어지고 있는 반면 자원교류 및 시장판로 연계는 매우 낮은 수준의 연계성을 나타내고 있었다. 둘째, 사회적기업간 중심성 상위 조직을 분석한 결과, 중심성 별로 차이가 있기는 하지만, 중추적 역할의 핵심 사회적기업이 존재하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 네트워크 중심성 수준이 사회적・경제적 성과에 미치는 영향력을 확인하고자 단계적 모형을 통해 검증한 결과, 연결・근접・매개 중심성 모두 사회적・경제적 성과에 정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다.
이러한 결과를 바탕으로 사회적기업의 지속가능성을 위한 방안으로서 효율적인 네트워크 활용 방안 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
This study aims to observe the network characteristics between social enterprises as an emerging solution for social problems in the phenomena of long-term unemployment, job polarization, and an increase in demand for social services after the foreign exchange crisis using Social Network Analysis and to analyze the effects of structural properties, such as centrality, on social and economic outcomes. First, from the analysis of the network level by the types of inter-social-enterprise network, information exchanges showed the highest network level and was followed by intercompany transaction and interorganizational consultation; whereas, resource exchanges and market liaison showed considerably low network levels. Second, the organizations with superior centrality based on the types of inter-social enterprise network showed the differences between the types of centrality, but the core social enterprise with a pivotal role was present. Third, in a stepwise regression model of the effects of network centrality on social and economic outcomes, all centralities, degree, closeness, and betweenness, influenced on social and economic outcomes. On the basis of the results, this study proposes a measure for social enterprises to make efficient use of networking and to perform further study for their sustainability.
This study aims to observe the network characteristics between social enterprises as an emerging solution for social problems in the phenomena of long-term unemployment, job polarization, and an increase in demand for social services after the foreign exchange crisis using Social Network Analysis and to analyze the effects of structural properties, such as centrality, on social and economic outcomes. First, from the analysis of the network level by the types of inter-social-enterprise network, information exchanges showed the highest network level and was followed by intercompany transaction and interorganizational consultation; whereas, resource exchanges and market liaison showed considerably low network levels. Second, the organizations with superior centrality based on the types of inter-social enterprise network showed the differences between the types of centrality, but the core social enterprise with a pivotal role was present. Third, in a stepwise regression model of the effects of network centrality on social and economic outcomes, all centralities, degree, closeness, and betweenness, influenced on social and economic outcomes. On the basis of the results, this study proposes a measure for social enterprises to make efficient use of networking and to perform further study for their sustainability.
