본문 바로가기

Articulations of Southeast Asian Religious Modernisms: Islam in Early 20th Century Cambodia & Cochinchina

SUVANNABHUMI
약어 : SVN
2017 vol.9, no.1, pp.109 - 132
DOI : 10.22801/svn.2017.9.1.109
발행기관 : 부산외국어대학교 아세안연구원
연구분야 : 지역학
Copyright © 부산외국어대학교 아세안연구원
인용한 논문 수 :   -  
17 회 열람

This article is about the emergence of Islamic modernism among Cham Muslim communities in Cambodia and Cochinchina during the early 20th century. Based on a combined critical reading of existing scholarship, historicized first-hand anthropological accounts, as well as archival sources from the National Archives of Cambodia and the Vietnam National Archives II, it argues accounts of modernists in these sources were either (1) cast through a French colonial reading of a Buddhist state lens and (2) cast through a Malay lens, based upon the Kaum Muda/Kaum Tua divide. First, it proceeds with a historical explanation of the emergence of Islam and the discourse used to describe Muslim communities in Vietnamese, French, and Cham language sources. Then, it turns the narrative toward an examination of the emergence of the "Kaum Muda" or "New Group" of reformist-minded modernist Muslims in early 20th century Cambodia. Delineating the networks of these intellectuals as they stretched across the border through Cochinchina, also highlights a pre-existing transnational element to the community, one that well predates current discussions of twenty-first-century transnationalism. Through a combination of the study of multiple language sources and historical methods, the article highlights the importance of polylingualism in the study of the history of Muslims in Southeast Asia.

Islam, Kingdom of Cambodia, French Indochina, Cochinchina, Reformism

  • 1. [기타] / Classification S. 41; S. 9. Autopsie de cadavres des Morts Chams / NAC Box 138. RSC No. 1347 :
  • 2. [기타] / 1924 / Gouverment Général de l’Indochine: Direction de l’Instruction Publique: Decisions regarding the hours of Primary Superieur Franco-Indigene Education and Secondary Franco-Indigene education / NAC Box 438. Old code: M 441. Older Code: M 632. Originally from the Central Library of Cambodia, no. 3079
  • 3. [기타] / Correspondance relative aux pagodes et mosquées dans la province de Battambang [Correspondance related to the Pagodas and Mosques in the Province of Battambang] / NAC Box 653. RSC File No. 7668. (1901–27). Classification: F. 941
  • 4. [기타] / 1934 / Fermeture des écoles Malaisies clandestines situées à Phnom Penh [Closure of Clandestine Malay Schools located in Phnom Penh] / NAC Box 745. RSC File 8465. Classification R. 29
  • 5. [기타] / Tribunal correctionnel de Battambang: affaire judiciaire de vol commis par trois Malais [Criminal Court of Battambang: A Criminal Case of Theft Committed by Three Malays] / NAC Box 811. RSC File 9200. (1905–11)
  • 6. [기타] / Résidence de Kompong Chhnang. AS de la nomination des chefs pour les mosquées Cham [Residence of Kampong Chnnang: On the Subject of the Appointment of Heads of Cham Mosques] / NAC Box 2968. RSC File 25968. Classification: F99. (1918–19)
  • 7. [기타] / 1929 / Relevant de ses fonctions d’Oknha Reachea Pheak Koey, Montrey Changvang Nong Chef de mosquée Cham du khum de Khleang Sbek nord, Khand de Ponhea Lu, Kandal [Royay Ordanance no. 74 (September 10, 1929). [Falling under the functions of the Oknha Reachea Pheak Koey, Montrey Changvang Nong, head of the Cham Mosque, khum Kleang Sbek north, khand Ponhea Lu, Kandal] / NAC Box 3052. RSC File 27641. Classification: C.012. OR no. 74
  • 8. [기타] / 1924 / Nommant le sieur Kim-Man chef de mosquée Cham de Svai-Chrum, srok de Khasach-Kandal (Kandal) [Naming Mr. Kim Man, Chief of the Cham Mosque of Svoai-Chrum, srok Khasach-Kandal (Kandal)] / NAC Box 3310. RSC File 30285. Classification F. 99. AM. N. 158
  • 9. [기타] / 1934 / Nommant les sieurs Hadji-Salai-Man et Hadji-Sam-Sou respectivement chef (Préa mékémaven 6 pâns de dignité) et sous-chef de mosquée cham de Naparat-Botoum-Bochantréa de Vat Dangker (Battambang) [Ministerial Order no. 53 April 17, 1934: Appointing Mr. Hadji Salai Man and Mr. Hadji Sam Sou, respectively, to the Chief (Preah Mekemavan with 6 stripes of dignity) and Senior Assistant of the Cham Mosque in Naparat Botoum Bochantreah of Wat Dangker (Battambang)] / NAC Box 3310. RSC File 30380. Classification: F. 99. AM. N. 53
  • 10. [기타] / 1937 / Classification F. 74. Circulaire du RSC au sujet d’une enquête pour déterminer si les habitants désignés sous le nom de “Malais” sont en réalité des Chams [A circular note regarding a survey to determine whether or not the people designated as “Malays” are in reality Cham] / NAC Box 3674. RSC File 35468
  • 11. [기타] / 1933 / Note sur l’affaire de la mosquée de Saigon, Commissariat de la Police des Ports de Saigon, Cholon [Note on the case of the mosque of Saigon, Commissariat Police Reports of the Ports of Saigon and Cholon] / Goucoch divers
  • 12. [기타] Hồ Sơ / 1951 / Tờ trình của Phủ Thủ hiến Trung Việt về tình hình chính tự, hành chánh, kinh tế, xã hội của các làng Chàm thuộc tỉnh Ninh Thuận [Report of the Government Premiers of Central Vietnam regarding the general situation, administrative, economics, and social circumstances of all the Cham villages in the province of Ninh Thuận] / Hồ Sơ 3001
  • 13. [기타] / 1975 / Từ ngày 25/02/1958 đến ngày 24/4/1975. Về hoạt động của Hiệp hội Chàm Hồi giáo [From 25/02/1958 to 04/24/1975. On the activities of the Association of Cham Islam] / Hồ Sơ 31692
  • 14. [단행본] Abaza, Mona / 1998 / From the Mediterranean to the China Sea: Miscellaneous Notes / Wiesbaden : 93 ~
  • 15. [학술대회] Ali, Zakaria / 1991 / Notes on the Islamic Art of Champa / Actes de la Conférence Internationale sur le Campa et le Monde Malais : 123 ~
  • 16. [기타] Aymonier, Etienne / 1900 / Le Cambodge: Le Royaume Actuel [Cambodia: The Current Kingdom]. Paris: EFEO vol. 1, Ernest LeRoux / :
  • 17. [기타] Aymonier, Etienne / 1893 / The History of Tchampa: The Cyamba of Marco Polo, Now Annam or Cochin China [translated from French]. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review and Oriental and Colonial Record VI (11)
  • 18. [기타] Aymonier, Etienne / 1891 / Les Tchames et leurs Religions [The Chams and their Religions] / Ernest Leroux, EFEO
  • 19. [학술지] Aymonier, Etienne / 1890 / Légendes Historiques Des Chames. [Historical Legends of the Cham] / Excursions etreconnaissances / 14 (32) : 145 ~ 32
  • 20. [단행본] Bá Trung Phụ / 2008 / Islam at the Margins: The Muslims of Indochina / Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University : 24 ~
  • 21. [학술지] Bá Trung Phụ / 2006 / The Cham Bani of Vietnam / The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences / 23 (3) : 126 ~ 3
  • 22. [단행본] Blengsi, Bjorn / 2009 / Making Modern Muslims: The Politics of Islamic Education in Southeast Asia / University of Hawai’i Press : 172 ~
  • 23. [단행본] Bruckmayr, Philipp / 2013 / Between Institutionalized Syncretism and Official Particularism: Religion among the Chams of Vietnam and Cambodia. Rituale als Ausdruck von Kulturkontakt: “Synkretismus” zwischen Negation und Neudefinition; Akten der interdisziplinaren Tagung des Sonderforschungsbereiches “Ritualdynamik” / Conference in Heidelberg : 11 ~
  • 24. [학술지] Cabaton, Antoine / 1906 / Notes sur l’Islam dans l’Indochine Fracaise [Notes on Islam in French Indochina] / Revue du monde musulman / 1 (1) : 129 ~ 1
  • 25. [학술지] Durand, MP EM / 1903 / Les Chams Bani. [The Cham Bani] / BEFEO III / 1 : 54 ~
  • 26. [단행본] Edwards, Penny / 2007 / Cambodge : The Cultivation of a Nation / University of Hawai’i Press
  • 27. [단행본] Farouk, Omar / 2008 / Islam at the Margins: The Muslims of Indochina / Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University : 70 ~
  • 28. [단행본] Gilquin, Michel / 2005 / The Muslims of Thailand (translated by Michael Smithies) / IRASEC and Silkworm Books
  • 29. [학술지] Guérin, Mathieu / 2004 / Les Cams et leur ‘veranda sur la Mecque’. L’Influence des Malais de Patani et du Kelantan sur les Cams du Cambodge” [The Cham and their “Veranda to Mecca.” The Influence of the Malays of Patani and Kelantan on the Cham of Cambodia] / Aséanie / 14 (14) : 29 ~ 14
  • 30. [기타] Hoeffel, Ernest / 1932 / De la Condition juridique des étrangers au Cambodge [On the Legal Status of Foreigners in Cambodia]. Imprimerie of Saigon: Nguyen Van Cua / National Archives of Cambodia Box 437. ID: 9.512. Old Code: P. 562. Formerly held in the Buddhist Institute of Cambodia
  • 31. [단행본] Houben, Vincent J. H. / 2003 / American Academy of Political and Social Science: 588, “Islam: Enduring Myths and Changing Realities” : 149 ~
  • 32. [학술지] Jammes, Jeremy / 2013 / Se convertir et re-convertir au Ratanakiri(Cambodge). A propos du pentecotisme en context pluriethnique et plurilinguistique"[Conversion and reconversion in Ratanakiri(Cambodia). On Pentecostalism in Multi-ethnic and Poly-linguistic contexts] / Social Compass / 60 (4) : 471 ~ 4
  • 33. [단행본] Kiernan, Ben / 2010 / The Encyclopedia of Islam / Brill : 173 ~
  • 34. [학술지] Manguin, Yves-Manguin / 1979 / IX. Études Cam. II. L'Introduction de l'Islam au Campa” [IX. Cham Studies. II. The Introduction of Islam to Champa] / Bulletin de l'Ecole Française d'Extrême-Orient, (BEFEO) / 66 : 255 ~
  • 35. [학술지] Ner, Marcel / 1941 / Les Musulmans de l’Indochine Française. [The Muslims of French Indochina] / BEFEO / XLI : 151 ~
  • 36. [단행본] Nguyễn Văn Luận. circa / 1960 / Việc Táng ma và thờ cúng tổ tiên của người Chàm Hồi giáo ở Saigon” [The Funerary Practices and Ancestral Worship of the Cham Muslims of Saigon], Tập San Văn Hóa – Cơ Quan Nghiên Cứu và Phổ Thông XVIII, số 4–5 / Nha Văn Hóa: Phủ Quốc – Vụ Khanh Đặc Trách Văn Hóa : 39 ~
  • 37. [학술지] Noseworthy, William B. / 2013 / The Chams’ First Highland Sovereign : Po Romé(r. 1627-1651) / Asian Highlands Perspectives / 28 : 155 ~
  • 38. [학위논문] Phan Văn Dốp / 1993 / Tôn Giáo Của Người Chăm ở Việt Nam [The religion of the Cham in Vietnam]
  • 39. [단행본] Phú Văn Hẳn / 2013 / Văn Hóa Người Chăm ở Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh [The Culture of the Cham people in Ho Chi Minh City] / Văn Hóa Dân Tộc
  • 40. [단행본] Phú Văn Hẳn / 2005 / Đời Sống Văn Hóa & Xã Hội: Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh [Life, Culture and Society: Ho Chi Minh City] / Văn Hóa Dân Tộc : 101 ~
  • 41. [단행본] Riddell, Peter / 2001 / Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World : Transmission and Responses / University of Hawai’i Press
  • 42. [단행본] Sakaya [Trương Văn Món] / 2013 / Tiếp Cận Một Số Vấn Đề Văn Hóa Champa [Approaching Some Problems of Champa Culture] / Tri Thức Press
  • 43. [인터넷자료] Scupin, Raymond / Cham Muslims of Thailand: A Model Moral Community.: 453–461
  • 44. [학술지] Scupin, Raymond / 1989 / Cham Muslims in Thailand : A Haven of Security in Mainland Southeast Asia / Journal of the Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs / 10 (2) : 486 ~ 2
  • 45. [단행본] Scupin, Raymond / 1988 / Muslims in Thailand / Centre for South-East Asian Studies : 106 ~
  • 46. [단행본] Stockhof, Malte / 2008 / Islam at the Margins: Muslims in Indochina / Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University
  • 47. [학술지] Thành Phần / 2013 / Palei – Một Hình Thái Cư Trú của cộng đồng Chăm ở Việt Nam” [Palei – an examination of residential communities of the Cham in Vietnam] / Rua Dua Bhap Ilimo Cam/Tập Chí Nghiên Cứu Văn Hóa Chăm [Cham Cultural Studies] / 1 (1) : 4 ~ 1
  • 48. [단행본] Trần Nam Tiến / 2005 / Đời Sống Văn Hóa & Xã Hội: Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh [Life, Culture and Society: Ho Chi Minh City] / Văn Hóa Dân Tộc : 127 ~
  • 49. [학술지] Weber, Nicolas / 2013 / Les Cam et les Malais du Cambodge et de Cochinchine vus par les archives colonials (1859-1954) / Archipel (85) : 117 ~ 85
  • 50. [학위논문] Weber, Nicolas / 2005 / Contribution à l’histoire des communautés cam en Asie du Sud-Est (Cambodge, Vietnam, Siam, Malaisie) : intégration politique, militaire et économique
  • 51. [학술지] Zain Musa, Mohammed / 2011 / History of Education among the Cambodian Cham Muslims / Jebat: Malaysian Journal of History, Politics & Strategic Studies / 38 (1) : 81 ~ 1
  • 52. [단행본] Zain Musa, Mohammed / 2008 / Islam at the Margins: The Muslims of Indochina / Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University : 69 ~
  • 53. [학술지] Zain Musa, Mohammed / 2004 / Islam as Understood and Practiced by the Muslims in Indochina / Islamiyyat / 25 (1) : 45 ~ 1