Self-testing with finite statistics enabling the certification of a quantum network link

Jean-Daniel Bancal; Kai Redeker; Pavel Sekatski; Wenjamin Rosenfeld; Nicolas Sangouard

doi:10.22331/q-2021-03-02-401

Self-testing with finite statistics enabling the certification of a quantum network link

Jean-Daniel Bancal^1,2,3, Kai Redeker⁴, Pavel Sekatski^3,2, Wenjamin Rosenfeld^4,5, and Nicolas Sangouard^1,3

¹Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Physique Théorique, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
²Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
³Quantum Optics Theory Group, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
⁴Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80799 München, Germany
⁵Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany

Published:	2021-03-02, volume 5, page 401
Eprint:	arXiv:1812.09117v4
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-03-02-401
Citation:	Quantum 5, 401 (2021).

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Abstract

Self-testing is a method to certify devices from the result of a Bell test. Although examples of noise tolerant self-testing are known, it is not clear how to deal efficiently with a finite number of experimental trials to certify the average quality of a device without assuming that it behaves identically at each run. As a result, existing self-testing results with finite statistics have been limited to guarantee the proper working of a device in just one of all experimental trials, thereby limiting their practical applicability. We here derive a method to certify through self-testing that a device produces states on average close to a Bell state without assumption on the actual state at each run. Thus the method is free of the I.I.D. (independent and identically distributed) assumption. Applying this new analysis on the data from a recent loophole-free Bell experiment, we demonstrate the successful distribution of Bell states over 398 meters with an average fidelity of $\geq$55.50% at a confidence level of 99%. Being based on a Bell test free of detection and locality loopholes, our certification is evidently device-independent, that is, it does not rely on trust in the devices or knowledge of how the devices work. This guarantees that our link can be integrated in a quantum network for performing long-distance quantum communications with security guarantees that are independent of the details of the actual implementation.

► BibTeX data

@article{Bancal2021selftestingfinite,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2021-03-02-401},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-03-02-401},
  title = {Self-testing with finite statistics enabling the certification of a quantum network link},
  author = {Bancal, Jean-Daniel and Redeker, Kai and Sekatski, Pavel and Rosenfeld, Wenjamin and Sangouard, Nicolas},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {401},
  month = mar,
  year = {2021}
}

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