Vol. 10, Special Issue 8 (2021)

Author(s):
Durgesh Nandinee, GK Mishra, Ankit Shukla, Nalini Soni, Lisha and Prarthana Sharma

Abstract:
From retrospective studies, we have observed that from past few decades the industrialization growing very fast in developed as well as developing countries. This introduced many kinds of products which stamped their deleterious effect on environment, flora and fauna much more efficiently than their useful one. One of them which are recently hot topic for researchers is plastic. Plastic pollution is the major headache and concerning topic for researchers in various aspects like its production and commercial use. The major concern is its efficient as well as harmless disposal because of its harmful chemical composition, which are released during recycling and disposal and are deleterious for environment and living creatures, both. One of such chemicals is bisphenol A (BPA), a phenol group containing organic compound most widely used in industries like polycarbonate plastic, plastic canned food and epoxy resins. It is responsible for many kinds of physiological acute as well as chronic disorders in humans and animals but have the major effect on reproductive system and endocrine disrupter. Effect on bovine reproduction and fertility is of major concern because India became highest milk producer in the world with 198.4 million tones, which is increased by 35.61% from last 6 years. It affects the bovine reproductive system in many ways like affecting the cellular functions and morphology (granulose, theca, cumulus complex etc.) as well as embryonic level too. To maintain such type of high production level it is necessary to properly manage the reproductive performance of bovines. Reproduction is composed of different interconnected cellular and molecular events; such processis badly affected at different levels by bisphenol A because of its deleterious effect some country restricted its use and industries become shifted to use bisphenol S (bisphenol A substitute) but after various studies it is proven that it is a “regrettable substitute” rather than substitute. There are many few researches on that field, so there is a urge of more and more studies regarding their effect on bovine fertility. By this review we want to make awareness among the people about the dangerous and unwanted effects of such elements on cattle as well as other living organisms also and request researchers to go for future studies and experiments on its other type of unwanted effects not only on the cattle but other living creatures also to prevent further harm to our ecosystem by spreading knowledge and minimizing the use of plastic based products.