Online-Based New Student Acceptance System (PPDB) at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, Indonesia

. This research aims to determine the system for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, with sub-focuses including discovering the stages of online-based acceptance of new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study type. Data was collected using interviews, observation, documentation, and primary and secondary sources. The data analysis technique uses an interactive model of data collection, condensation, presentation, and conclusion. We checked the validity of the data using a triangulation of sources and methods. The online-based system for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram includes the registration announcement stage, registration stage, selection stage, announcement stage, and re-registration stage. Implementation of the registration announcement stages includes school visits and observations. The registration stage is carried out by observing the number of registered students. Then, the selection stages are observed through 4 open pathways to prospective students. The announcement stages are followed according to the quota amount. And finally, the re-registration stage was observed by interviewing teachers. Use the results of the observations as a basis for understanding the online-based system for accepting new students. Therefore, the online-based student admission system at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram is running well.


INTRODUCTION
Along with advances in technology and information that are developing rapidly at this time, the world of education should be able to keep up with these developments.People can perform various activities via the Internet, which they can use online every day.People often carry out many community activities online or in networks, referred to as online activities.Thus, the Internet has entered the world of education, presenting roles and functions that others cannot easily replace.The Internet is used for various purposes in educational institutions, both for administrative and educational purposes, starting from kindergarten, elementary school, middle school, high school/vocational school, and university.
To improve the quality of human life, we must address education and enhance human quality in all aspects, including accepting new students, known as PPDB.One part of the educational administration process is accepting new students each academic year.The PPDB (New Student Admission) Online system automates the PPDB selection process.The automation in question starts from the registration and selection processes to the announcement of the election results, which is carried out online and on a realtime basis.Accepting new students is a program of student management activities that educational institutions, both private and state, must implement, especially schools in the Mataram City area.
SMA Negeri 5 Mataram is an educational institution under the auspices of the NTB Provincial Education and Culture Service.This formal education institution envisions realizing quality education to produce devout, intelligent, healthy, creative, and competitive people.We hope this system will make a real contribution to achieving educational goals and targets regionally and nationally.As technology becomes increasingly sophisticated, SMA 5 Negeri Mataram, in implementing new student admissions, is trying to adopt online technology to make it more effective and efficient.SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, or SMALA, is quite popular among alums and the community.From year to year, SMA Negeri 5 Mataram continues to improve the quality of facilities, infrastructure, management, and learning processes.SMA Negeri 5 Mataram has adequate infrastructure and a healthy and beautiful school environment.In 2007, this school was designated as an Independent Category School, and in 2009, it was further upgraded to an International Standard High School Pilot School.It also piloted the Semester Credit System for secondary education at the national level as a project school.From 2014 until now, the National School Accreditation Board has awarded it an A accreditation.
Since the 2016/2017 academic year, this school has implemented an independent online-based PPDB to make it easier for the community and parents of students to register and find information regarding registration results.Apart from that, PPDB is online-based, making it easier to find information about school profiles and advantages more practically, effectively, and efficiently.Based on information from teachers at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, through the online-based PPDB, the number of students registering continues to increase yearly.Talking about new student registration or accepting new students, one of the essential things you need to know is the registration flow.As we know, the acceptance of new students now uses an online system or what is known as PPDB Online.Therefore, regarding the flow or implementation scheme of PPDB Online, the implementation is done online via the official NTB Education and Culture website from start to finish, from registration, registration, selection, and announcement to re-registration.So with this online PPDB website, it is hoped that the public, especially those related to the world of school children's education, will be able to obtain information quickly, starting from the registration process for new students, such as the registration flow or registration procedures, regis-tration requirements, implementation schedule, etc. up to selection process and announcement of election results.
While implementing PPDB online, especially at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, they still experienced problems with the network, which often disconnected itself, which could hinder school operators in verifying the data of prospective new students who registered.Additionally, several prospective new students face network issues that prevent them from uploading PPDB administrative requirements.There are also complaints from prospective new students who cannot access the application.To overcome this, the school always coordinates with the NTB Provincial Education and Culture Office to ensure the continuity of effective and efficient PPDB activities.
In this regard, researchers are interested in researching the flow of new student admissions starting from the registration announcement stage, registration, selection, announcement, and re-registration.Researchers are also very interested in how this school implements PPDB online and whether it is done by the SOP (Implementation Operational Standards), especially now that all high schools are under the authority of the NTB Provincial Education and Culture Service.Apart from that, researchers are interested in whether the application used in implementing online-based admissions for new students will have a vital role in the smooth implementation at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.

METHOD
This research uses qualitative methods; the approach chosen is a case study.A case study is a series of scientific activities carried out intensively, in detail, and in-depth about a program, event, and activity to obtain in-depth knowledge about an event author [1].The case study method is suitable for answering how and why questions in the research authors [2].Meanwhile, qualitative research authors can reveal a situation or an object to understand a problem's meaning [3].Qualitative research methods are conducted in natural conditions, often naturalistic research methods author [4].Apart from that, in qualitative research, the data or information obtained is qualitative and analyzed qualitatively.Information can be in the form of interview transcripts, field notes, documents, and/or visual materials such as photos, videos, materials from the Internet, and other documents author [5].
According to the author [1], the steps for qualitative research using the case study method include Selecting themes, topics, and cases, reading literature, formulating focus and research problems, collecting data, processing data, analyzing data, and concluding research results.Author [6] stated several characteristics of a case study, namely: determining suitability for the research problem; identifying cases for a study; the case is a system bound by time and place; case studies use various sources of information in collecting data to provide a detailed picture; and using a case study approach.The qualitative goal is to understand social phenomena through a holistic picture and increase in-depth understanding of the author [7].
In this case, researchers want to know the online-based system for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, which has been implemented since 2017 until now with stages starting from the registration/pre-registration announcement stage, registration stage, selection stage, announcement stage, and re-registration.We will compile the research results and develop a theory based on the data obtained."The author used several methods in data collection to obtain valid and relevant data, intending for each method to complement the other.The data collection techniques are observation, interviews, document study, and a combination of the three authors [4].Data analysis, according to authors [5,8], is divided into four stages, namely: 1) Data collection.Researchers obtain data from observations, interviews, and school documentation or use a combination of these three data collection methods (triangulation) so that the data obtained by researchers is extensive and varied.
2) Data reduction.Data reduction means summarizing, grouping, simplifying, then selecting the data that is needed and eliminating data that is not required.The selected data can provide meaningful information, making it easier to conclude.
3) Data Presentation.The presentation of data in this research uses short descriptions, charts, and links between research variables to understand the online-based PPDB system at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.
4) Drawing Conclusions.To justify conclusions, researchers must use valid and consistent data.
The conclusion must answer the formulation of the research focus and subfocus and be a new finding resulting from the research.
According to the author [7], checking data validity is very important in determining the validity of qualitative research data based on specific criteria.Validity can include: 1) credibility, 2) transportability, 3) dependability, 4) confirmability.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Descriptions of research data from research subjects and informants are presented successively based on the problem formulation that has been formulated, namely the registration announcement stage, registration stage, selection stage, announcement stage, and online-based PPDB reregistration at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.The researchers obtained the results of this study by observing, studying documentation, and directly interviewing research subjects, including school principals, representatives for student affairs, representatives for IT, teachers, and informants from related agencies.The research data is described as follows:

Stages of announcement of online-based registration for new student admissions at SMA Negeri 5
Mataram.Announcements regarding PPDB information are made openly by the respective regional governments.Information about PPDB will be announced no later than the first week of May.In this announcement, the regional government will convey some information.The announcement must at least contain information regarding the requirements for prospective students according to level, registration date, registration route, available capacity, and the date for the announcement of the PPDB selection results.
The registration stages for accepting new students are online-based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.By Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No 1 of 2021 concerning Admission of New Students to Kindergartens, Elementary Schools, Middle Schools, High Schools, and Vocational High Schools, PPDB registration is done online.Online registration is carried out using the required documents following the requirements on the specified PPDB registration page.Implementing the online PPDB registration mechanism is the responsibility of the regional government.However, if network facilities are inadequate, PPDB can be carried out offline by attaching photocop-ies of the documents required following the requirements.
The selection stages for accepting new students are online-based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.The selection process is divided into four pathways: the zoning pathway, the affirmation pathway, the parent/guardian transfer pathway, and the achievement pathway.Each route has different criteria.The zoning route is intended for students living in the educational unit's zoning area.The affirmation pathway is designed for students with disabilities and those from disadvantaged families.It is a parent transfer pathway for students whose parents have been transferred and an achievement pathway for students who excel.
The stages for announcing the acceptance of new students are online-based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.The registration route in the PPDB announces the determination.Based on the results of the teacher council meeting chaired by the Principal and determined through the Principal's decision.If the Principal is not definitive, an authorized official determines the PPDB.

The re-registration stage for accepting new students is online based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.
Students accepted into PPDB re-register to ensure their status as students at the school concerned by showing the original documents required by the requirements.Apart from reregistration, the school also conducts a reregistration process.Schools collect data again to ensure the status of old students at the school in question.During the re-registration process, schools are not allowed to collect any fees.
According to the author [9], "A system is a collection or collection of elements, components or variables that are organized, interact with each other, depend on each other and are integrated."According to the author [10], "A system is a collection of elements that are interconnected and interact in one unit to carry out a process of achieving a main goal."According to the author [11], "A system is an order (integration) consisting of several functional components (with special function units and tasks) which are interconnected and together aim to fulfil a certain process." Online Admission of New Students (PPDB) aims to ensure that the acceptance of new students is objective, transparent, accountable, nondiscriminatory, and fair to encourage increased access to educational services.Apart from that, PPDB is also the government's effort to equalize education so that there are no longer some toprated schools with applicants while other schools are less interested.
In some cases, students who live near the school are not accepted into the school they are interested in and have to register at another school further away, creating problems -1 of 2021 concerning PPDB.
The discussion of the results of this research will explain the online-based system for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.In this case, it includes sub-focuses: the stages of announcing registration for online-based admissions of new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, the stages of registration for accepting new students online-based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, the stages of selection for the admission of new students online-based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, the online-based announcement stage for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram and the re-registration stage for accepting new students online at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.

Stages of announcement of online-based registration for new student admissions at SMA Negeri 5
Mataram.This research found that the stages of announcing online-based PPDB registration were marked by: At the stage of announcing registration for online-based acceptance of new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.So, in Figure 1, part of the online PPDB stages is where new students can access it via the official website provided by the NTB Education and Culture Office.First, the yellow is the login menu where prospective new students will enter their NIK and NISN.Second, the blue colour is a menu if there are problems logging in or as a reference point for prospective new students during registration.Third, in red is the video tutorial menu or video on how to register for prospective new students.Finally, the red colour in the right corner is the Generation III captcha feature, which functions as a form of system security.
Figure 2 shows prospective new students' dashboard features after logging in, first in the yellow box, namely the main menu: the profile, PPDB registration, announcements, PPDB technical guidelines, and complaints.Then, in the red box, there is information about the destination school where prospective new students can choose SMA 5 Mataram as the destination school to register.Next in the yellow box is information on the registration path, including the Achievement, affirmation, zoning, and parent transfer paths.After that, the blue box contains information on the quota amount for the registration route.Finally, in the orange box is information on the number of registrants.In the image above, the red box is a notification for every prospective student who logs in for the first time after filling in the PPDB Pre-Registration form.It will be presented with a dashboard display, as above.In this case, prospective students will be asked to complete their biodata on the link menu provided and then choose the registration route according to the date scheduled by the PPDB committee.The following is a picture of the profile menu features when registering after logging in.
The image below shows the Profile Menu on the user's (future student's) dashboard, which consists of the following elements: a) Biodata, namely a menu to make it easier for each prospective student to fill in their respective biodata consisting of personal data information, parents' names, addresses, and location of the prospective student's residence determined through coordinates on the regional map.b) KK Document, namely a menu to make it easier for prospective students to upload Family Card documents by including the date of issue of the KK and the status of prospective students in the KK.c) Report Card Grades is a menu that makes it easier for prospective students to fill in their respective report card grades and upload scanned report card documents every semester.d) Non-academic Achievement is a special menu for prospective students who will register via the non-academic achievement route, so each prospective student only needs to upload their certificate or award document via this menu.e) Statement Letter.This menu allows prospective students to make a drug-free statement online by simply filling in information about their respective parents or guardians.The statement letter can be downloaded directly, printed and signed on an Rp -stamp duty -10,000, and then uploaded again to this menu to complete the online PPDB registration requirements.

Figure 4 -Profile Menu Features (in Indonesian)
The image below shows the registration menu function after uploading the potential student's data to the profile menu.In Figure 5, the red box highlights the PPDB Registration Menu Feature on the user dashboard (for prospective students), offering two options for SMA and SMK, depending on the level at which the prospective student wishes to register.plication will process the data uploaded by prospective new students according to the terms and criteria that will be accepted at the target school.So this is real-time, meaning applicants can check their graduation anytime via their respective accounts; this aims to minimize fraud during the PPDB.However, several selection routes, such as the religious achievement route, must be made directly because the system cannot accommodate them.
The stages for announcing the acceptance of new students are online-based at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.This research found that the online-based announcement stage marked the online-based PPDB announcement stage for new student admissions at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, which can be seen in Figure 7. Figure 7 in the red box is the announcement and help menu feature on the user (potential student) dashboard.The uses are as follows: a) The announcement menu feature contains information on the status of admissions results for prospective new students who have registered according to the selected registration route.Announcement information on this menu will be active according to the announcement schedule set by the NTB Provincial Education and Culture Office.
b) The Help Menu feature, which contains information on service contact numbers and online PPDB complaints for NTB Provincial Education and Culture, is provided to prospective students if they experience problems or difficulties completing the online registration process.

CONCLUSIONS
After analyzing and discussing the topic, we can conclude that: 1) The stages of announcing the online-based registration for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram have been implemented well, as can be seen from the coordination between the school and the NTB Education and Culture Department, which goes directly to each SMP/MTS Educational Institution to carry out outreach, regarding online PPDB terms and conditions.Apart from that, prospective students can also easily access information through the official websites of the NTB Education and Culture and schools.

Figure 3 -
Figure 3 -Initial Dashboard Page for Prospective Students (Users) (in Indonesian)

Figure 7 -
Figure 7 -Prospective Student (User) Dashboard Main Menu Features (In Indonesian) The re-registration stage for accepting new students is online at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram.This research found that the online-based reregistration stage marked the online-based PPDB selection stage for accepting new students at SMA Negeri 5 Mataram, as seen in Figure8.The figure consists of a checklist for school enrolment verification, completed offline at the school where you are accepted.There are several red boxes that you need to pay attention to on this checklist form, including: a) Sections checked by the requirements file verifier.b) Sections checked by the biodata profile verifier.c) Sections checked by the report card verifier.d) Sections checked by the registration path verifier.This online PPDB verification form proves that the school has checked and verified all required documents submitted by each prospective student.Each school provides this form when prospective students re-register at the destination school.The mechanism for re-registering prospective students who are declared to have passed the online selection: a) You must come with your parent/guardian directly to the school where you are accepted.b) Complete the documents and fill out the biodata form prepared by the school.c) Parents/guardians sign a statement of submission of prospective students.d) Together with parents/guardians, sign an agreement to comply with school rules and regulations with a stamp of Rp. 10,000.e) If you do not re-register at the specified time, you will be declared resigned.