تبیین منطق تصمیم گیری کارآفرینان در اکوسیستم کارآفرینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی - کمی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کسب وکار جدید دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه کسب و کارجدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه کسب و کارجدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

کارآفرینان در مواجهه با شرایط مختلف در دستیابی به اهداف خود بر شیوه‌های رفتاری علیت، اثرسازی و بریکلاژ برای تصمیم‌گیری تکیه می‎کنند. این سه منطق تصمیم‌گیری با توجه به موقعیت به‌طور همزمان به کار می‌روند. با این حال در مطالعات محققان بیشتر بر عوامل سطح فردی تمرکز داشته و کمتر به عامل  زمینه و اکوسیستم توجه دارند. درواقع  پژوهش‌ها کمتر تأثیر متقابل فرد، زمینه و اکوسیستم در تصمیم‌گیری کارآفرینانه توجه داشته‌اند. این تحقیق بر اساس هدف کاربردی است و در چارچوب یک تحقیق کیفی با استفاده از روش مورد کاوی مبتنی بر تمپلیت یا الگو، معیارهایی برای سه منطق تصمیم‌گیری تعیین شد و از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته وجود این معیارها بررسی گردید. بر این اساس بیست مصاحبه در دو نمونه مستقل، با کارآفرینان مستقر در پارک‌های علم و فناوری دانشگاه‎های تهران،صنعتی شریف، شهید بهشتی و ناحیه نوآوری شریف انجام شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که کارآفرینان مستقر در پارک‌ها به دلیل اجبار به رعایت الزامات رفتار علیت‎گرا و کارآفرینان مستقر در ناحیه نوآوری به دلیل نیاز کمتر به رعایت قواعد رسمی و مکتوب رفتارهای اثرسازانه و تمایل به بریکلاژ بیشتری دارند. در ادامه این موضوع تببین و یک قضیه مطرح‌شده است. در پایان پیشنهاد‌هایی برای محققان بعدی ارائه‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explainnation the logic of entrepreneurs' decision making in the entrepreneurship ecosystem

نویسندگان [English]

  • Taraneh Farokhmanesh 1
  • GHOLAM HOSSEIN HOSSEININIA 2
  • Ali Davari 3
  • Mohammad Jahanbakht 4
1 Department of Business Creation, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Business Creation, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Business Creation, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Management, Graduate School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Entrepreneurs rely on causation, effectuation, and bricolage behaviors to achieve their goals in different situations. Effectuation is a kind of decision-making logic that emphasizes control rather than anticipation. Causation focuses goal setting and planning and foresight. Bricolage is a resource-seeking behavior that allows entrepreneurs to cope with resource constraints. These three behaviors are used simultaneously according to the situation and circumstances. However, in studies researchers focus more on individual level factors and less on environmental factors, context and ecosystem. In fact, research has not paid attention to the interaction of individual, environment, context and ecosystem in entrepreneurial decision making. In this research, as qualitative research use the template-based case-study method in two independent sample groups, twenty interviews were conducted with entrepreneurs located in science and technology parks of Tehran, Sharif and Beheshti universities and Sharif Innovation District. The results showed that entrepreneurs tend to choose different decision approaches due to different access to resources. Entrepreneurs in the parks have more causation behaviors due to the need to comply with the requirements and entrepreneurs in Sharif Innovation District behave more effectuation and bricolage due to less need to follow formal and written rules. Finally, a proposition has been explained.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • bricolage
  • causation
  • decision
  • Ecosystem
  • effectuation

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