نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی ، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی ، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.

چکیده

سرطان سینه شایع‌ترین سرطان و دومین علت اصلی مرگ در زنان با بسیاری از عوارض جسمی و روانی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی بر نگرش کژکار، اضطراب سلامت، بهزیستی روانشناختی و تصویر بدنی در زنان مبتلا به سرطان سینه ماستکتومی شده شهر شیراز که در سال 1401 به بیمارستان امیر مراجعه کردند می‌باشد. آزمودنی شامل یک نمونه 45 نفری که به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل (سه گروه 15نفری) داده‌ها در دو مرحله پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و پیگیری ثبت شد. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه نگرش کژکار وایزمن و بک، بهزیستی روانشناختی ریف، اضطراب سلامت سالکوسکیس و وارویک و تصویر بدنی کش، میکولاو براون، بود. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از روش کوواریانس چند متغیره و آزمون‌های تعقیبی شفه و بنفرونی جهت آزمون فرضیه‌ها استفاده شد و داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار (spss-18) تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که هر دو روش درمانی بر این متغیرها از نظر آماری اثر معنی‌داری اعمال کرده‌اند (P<0.05). یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد میانگین نمره کل اضطراب سلامت، بهزیستی، تصویر بدنی و نگرش کژکاری در گروه کنترل در هر سه مرحله پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و دوره پیگیری، تفاوت چشم‌گیری نشان نمی‌دهد اما در گروه آزمایش ACT و MBSR تفاوت‌های چشم‌گیری مشاهده می‌شود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد، اثربخشی بیشتری نسبت به برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی دارد، زیرا اصول زیربنایی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در راستای افزایش انعطاف‌پذیری روانشناختی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on Negative Feedback, Health Anxiety, Psychological Well-Being, and Body Image in Women Undergoing Mastectomy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Pasyar 1
  • Hossein Baghooli 2
  • Majid Barzegar 3
  • Nadereh Sohrabi 4

1 1- PhD. student, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in women with many physical and psychological complications. The increasing growth of cancer in the last few decades and its harmful effects on all dimensions of the patient's life (physical, emotional, spiritual, social, and economic) have caused attention of specialists to be more focused on this disease. Among the different types of cancer that women suffer from, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment and the stress reduction program based on mindfulness on the attitude of work, health anxiety, psychological well-being, and body image in women with breast cancer who underwent a mastectomy in Shiraz city who visited Amir Hospital in 2022. 
 
Method
The subjects included a sample of 45 people who were randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (three groups of 15 people) who had the criteria for entering the research, age, education, and mastectomy surgery, and the data were collected in two stages: pre-test, post-test with the control group and follow-up. And it was recorded that the research data were used using the multivariate covariance method and post hoc tests of Sheffe and Benferoni to test the hypotheses and the data were analyzed using spss (18) software. The research tools included Weissman &, Beck's inefficient Attitudes Questionnaire (1978) attitude questionnaire, Rief's psychological well-being (1989), Salkoskis and Warwick's (2000) health anxiety questionnaire, and Kesh's body image, Mykola Braun (1990).
 
Results
The results of this research showed that the therapy based on acceptance and commitment is more effective than the stress reduction program based on mindfulness because the underlying principles of the therapy based on acceptance and commitment are aimed at increasing psychological flexibility. The pairwise comparison made regarding the well-being variable in Table (4-6) shows that both treatments (ACT and MBSR) have a statistically significant effect on this variable (P<0.05). The results showed that the treatment of acceptance and commitment was more effective. Regarding the effectiveness of the treatment based on acceptance and commitment in comparison with the stress reduction program based on mindfulness in the attitude of work, health anxiety, psychological well-being, and body image in women with cancer. The mastectomy breast of Shiraz can be because the underlying principles of treatment are based on acceptance and commitment to increasing psychological flexibility.
 
Discussion
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy focuses on reducing experiential avoidance and cognitive entanglement with dysfunctional rules until it reconnects with meaningful values. Mediation analysis of the believability of negative thoughts has been identified as a partially mediating factor in the ability to predict awareness attention, experiential avoidance, and cognitive fusion in psychological distress. With stronger negative thoughts, believability was positively associated with higher levels of psychological distress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health Anxiety
  • Inefficient Attitudes
  • Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program
  • Psychological Well-Being
  • Treatment
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