Journal of Epidemiology
Online ISSN : 1349-9092
Print ISSN : 0917-5040
ISSN-L : 0917-5040
Original Article
Association Between Second-hand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms Among Japanese Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Taiji Noguchi, Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda, Yuya Tamai, Takeshi Nishiyama, Miki Watanabe, Akihiro Hosono, Kiyoshi Shibata, Mari Ichikawa, Ryozo Wakabayashi, Kenji Nagaya, Kanae Ema, Naoko Okamoto, Shoko Tsujimura, Hitomi Fujita, Mayumi Kamiya, Fumi Kondo, Tamaki Yamada, Sadao Suzuki
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Keywords: depressive symptoms, Japanese adults, second-hand smoke exposure
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS

2020 Volume 30 Issue 12 Pages 566-573

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Abstract

Background: Second-hand smoke exposure has been associated with poor mental health. However, among Japanese adults, little is known about the association between second-hand smoking and depressive symptoms. We examined this association in a cross-sectional study among a Japanese general adult population sample.

Methods: Japanese adults were recruited from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study in the Okazaki area between 2012 and 2017. Second-hand smoke exposure and smoking status were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Based on their frequency of exposure to second-hand smoke, non-smokers and smokers were categorized as “almost never,” “sometimes,” and “almost every day”. Depressive symptoms were defined by a Kessler 6 score ≥5 points. We performed a multivariable Poisson regression analysis to obtain adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for depressive symptoms.

Results: Overall, 5,121 participants (4,547 non-smokers and 574 smokers) were included whose mean age was 63.6 (standard deviation [SD], 10.3) years for non-smokers and 59.33 (SD, 10.2) years for smokers. The association between second-hand smoking and depressive symptoms was significant among non-smokers, but not among smokers. Among non-smokers, PRs compared with “almost never” were 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09–1.42) for “sometimes” and 1.41 (95% CI, 1.09–1.84) for “almost every day” (P for trend <0.001); among smokers, PRs compared with “almost never” were 1.30 (95% CI, 0.82–2.06) for “sometimes” and 1.44 (95% CI, 0.90–2.33) for “almost every day” (P for trend = 0.144).

Conclusions: Second-hand smoking and depressive symptoms were associated among non-smokers. Our findings indicate the importance of tobacco smoke control for mental health.

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© 2019 Taiji Noguchi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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