Penggunaan NSAID dan Potensi Interaksi Obatnya Pada Pasien Penyakit Muskuloskeletal Di Bandar Lampung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pji.2020.006.01.8Keywords:
Muskuloskeletal, Interaksi Obat, NSAIDAbstract
Penyakit musculoskeletal ditandai salah satunya dengan rasa nyeri yang bersifat kronis. Terapi utama dalam mengatasi nyeri adalah penggunaan non steroid antiinflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) baik sebagai monoterapi atau kombinasi dengan obat dari golongan yang sama atau penghilang nyeri dari golongan lainnya, seperti kortikosteroid, analgesiok opioid, dan adjuvant. Selain terapi obat yang bersifat simtomatis, diberikan juga obat yang bersifat kausatif. Pemakaian lebih dari satu obat berpotensi menimbulkan interaksi yang dapat mempengaruhi outcome pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat karakteristik sosiodemografi dan klinis pasien, serta mencari hubungan potensi interaksi obat dengan variable tersebut.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan design cross sectional. Data diambil dari 100 rekam medik pasien pada sebuah rumah sakit tipe C di Bandar Lampung yang terdiagnosa lima besar penyakit muskuloskeletal, yaitu gonarthrosis, radiculopathy, arthritis unspesifik, lower back pain (nyeri punggung bawah), dan myalgia. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk jenis kelamin, usia, jumlah obat, jenis obat, dan potensi interaksi obat. Analisis korelasi bivariate dengan Chi-Square antara variabel potensi interaksi obat dengan variabel jenis kelamin, usia, jenis diagnosa, jenis NSAID.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien musculoskeletal berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebesar 44%, perempuan 56%. Pasien musculoskeletal terbanyak pada usia 18-65 tahun (78%). Pasien yang memperoleh obat < 5 sejumlah 68% dan ≥ 5 sebesar 32%. 54% pasien menggunakan NSAID diklofenak, dan hanya 5% pasien menggunakan kombinasi dua obat NSAID (diklofenak-ibuprofen). 22% pasien berpotensi mengalami interaksi obat. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna (p > 0,05) antara potensi interaksi obat dengan usia, jenis kelamin, jenis NSAID, dan jenis diagnosa.
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