Alleviation Strategies Of Stunting In Infants' Problems Using Tilapia Fish Farming In Sukodono District, Lumajang Regency

Various programs to fulfill community nutrition by the government in Sukodono District have been actively implemented to alleviate the problem of stunting. However, multiple factors in the field cause the program's sustainability is not optimal. Our service activities are based on strategic issues faced in Sukodono District, consisting of education regarding the causes and solutions to the stunting problem as well as socializing one of the efforts to eradicate stunting by implementing a good, healthy, and environmentally friendly tilapia fish farming system. Supported by the Lumajang Regency Government, it has made various efforts to handle and alleviate stunting in Lumajang, so this outreach activity provides insight to the community, especially posyandu cadres, prospective brides, and mothers from various villages in Sukodono District. This activity aims to help the communities in the Sukodono District, Lumajang Regency, to eradicate the problem of stunting by socializing the tilapia fish farming model and the benefits of tilapia fish. The activity carried out is community service through socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation for the community in Sukodono District, which can increase public understanding before and after the presentation of material on tilapia program activities to prevent stunting.


INTRODUCTION
One of the most essential factors in developing the quality of human resources as an indicator of the success of a nation's development is the fulfillment of adequate nutrition and food.Indonesia is still facing nutritional problems that severely impact the quality of human resources (HR).One of the problems that is still relatively high in Indonesia is stunting.Stunting is delayed growth due to a lack of nutrition in infants (Ejaz MS,2010).Stunting prevents children from reaching their physical and cognitive potential at the right time.Stunting that occurs in Indonesia is not only experienced by poor and underprivileged households or families.Above 40% of the social and economic welfare level is due to mothers' lack of knowledge and interest (Beal T,et,al., 2018).Young mothers and limited socialization of the importance of adequate nutrition in children.In 2013, stunting under five contributed to 1.5 million (15%) under-five deaths worldwide and caused 55 million children to lose their healthy lives each year.The results of the research stated that the food consumption conditions of pregnant women and toddlers in 2016-2017 showed that in Indonesia 1 out of 5 pregnant women was malnourished, 7 out of 10 pregnant women lacked calories and protein, and 7 out of 10 under-fives lacked.

MATERIALS AND METHOD
Located at the Sukodono District Office, Lumajang Regency, East Java, this community service activity was carried out in July 2023 in two sessions.The first session was material from a nutritionist's expert regarding the importance of preparing our children for growth and development from the first 1,000 days, namely pre-pregnancy to 2 years of age.The second session was about tilapia fish farming methods by utilizing minimalist land in the environment with various benefits and advantages of tilapia nutrition compared to the other fish.To determine the success of this activity, a pretest and posttest were carried out to measure participants' understanding before and after the presentation from the presenter.The analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test to conclude the level of success of the material about the importance of preventing and overcoming the dangers of stunting.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A series of service activities in coordination with regional leaders starting from Level 1 Regional Headship or Regent to Village level in education activities for the community about the importance of preventing and overcoming the dangers of stunting through counseling activities and aiding, practice, and evaluation to groups of the local community.Stunting prevention socialization was carried out in July 2023 following the activity timeline specified in the preparation.Welcomed by the Head of Sub-District, Mr. Dian Nurwi Kurniawan Hadi Kamujo, S.Psi, MM, and Head of Karangsari Village, Mr. Sugiantoro.Also, the Head of Strategic Community Service Programs, Dr. Yuni Kilawati, S.Pi., M.Sc.from the Faculty of Fisheries, Brawiajaya University, provides a tilapia fish farming program as a good educational method for stunting reduction.In 2015 tilapia production increased globally by 6.4 million metric tons with an estimated market value of US$ 9.8.The increase continues every year because tilapia is a fish with high protein, grows fast, and has a high tolerance for high stocking densities (Putri, S. M., A. H. C.2016).The first material was delivered by Rina Widharnarini, S.KM., M.Kes (Advisor to the Situbondo DPC nutritionist association) to the community and posyandu cadres in Karangsari village and village representatives and students.This material is related to the importance of preparing for child growth and.development from the first 1000 days (the pre-pregnancy period to the age of 2).There are four factors of concern, namely parenting style, healthy lifestyle, and diet or composition on my plate (Aryastami, N.K. 2015.)During the preconception period, important nutrients include macronutrients such as carbohydrates, especially polyunsaturated fats or omega-3 and omega-6, and protein.For micronutrients, there are vitamins A, B, C, D, E, folic acid, and minerals such as iron, calcium, iodine, zinc, and selenium (Sartijo, M. Nanda.,2021)The substances needed can be obtained from consuming tilapia fish, which contain these important minerals, but with the right way of processing the fish.

Figure 1. FGD with the community of Sukodono District
The material in the second session was delivered by Dr. Yunita Maimunah, S.Pi, M.Sc. a lecturer at the Faculty of Fisheries, Brawijaya University, who said that tilapia is considered more economical than other types of fish.This fish also has resistance to many diseases and is more adaptive to the environment with the level of salinity.Besides that, it is also taught to the audience how to process tilapia better by steaming or sautéing properly along with herbs (Almatsier S. 2001).Before delivering the material, participants completed a pretest regarding their initial understanding of the material.Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is a freshwater fish that is widely cultivated in Indonesia and is a cultivated fish that is an export commodity.The Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) places tilapia in third place after shrimp and salmon as an example of successful global aquaculture.Tilapia is a freshwater fish that has high economic value, has high potential protein content, and has the advantage of growing quickly (Cahyono.B., 2000.)The nutritional content of tilapia is 16-24% protein, the fat content ranges from 0.2-2.2% and contains carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins.
calories and 5 out of 10 under-fives lacked protein (Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2016).With the support of the local regional government in Sukodono District, this community service activity can provide education to the community about the importance of preventing and overcoming the dangers of stunting through counseling, mentoring, practice, and evaluation activities for groups of the local community and workers in the Integrated Healthcare Center in Sukodono District about good, healthy, and environmentally safe Tilapia fish farming in Sukodono District, Lumajang Regency Increasing Production Through Local Potency-Based Feed Formulations as Alternatives to Artificial Feeds in Catfish Farming (Hertika A.M.S, et al.) JIAT., Vol. 10, No. 01, 2024