Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2772-4328
ISSN (Online): 2772-4336

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Meta-Analysis

Novel Information Regarding the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Author(s): Faezeh Kiani, Sara Khademolhosseini, Jasem Mohammadi*, Arian Tavasol, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Mobina Fathi and Majid Dousti

Volume 19, Issue 2, 2024

Published on: 09 March, 2023

Page: [184 - 203] Pages: 20

DOI: 10.2174/2772432818666230120111237

Price: $65

Abstract

Objective: Helicobacter pylori infects at least 50% of the world’s human population. The current study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of triple versus quadruple therapy.

Methods: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) consisting of triple and quadruple therapy were identified through electronic and manual searches in the national and international online databases (IsI, Magiran, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus). The random-effects model was applied to pool analysis. Funnel plots and the Egger test were used to examine publication bias.

Results: After a detailed review of the selected articles, 80 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis; it was based on using triple and quadruple therapy as the first and second-line treatment. The results showed that quadruple therapy in the first-line treatment had a higher eradication rate than triple therapy. Overall, the eradication rate with triple therapy was 74% (95% CI, 71%-77%) for intention-totreat (ITT) analysis and 80% (95% CI, 77%-82%) for per-protocol (PP) analysis. Generally, the eradication rate with quadruple therapy was 82% (95% CI, 78.0%-86.0%) for ITT analysis and 85% (95% CI, 82.0%-89.0%) for PP analysis. The analysis also revealed that quadruple therapy was more effective for 7 or 10 days.

Conclusion: The current study results demonstrated that quadruple therapy has better effectiveness than triple therapy as the first-line treatment; however, in the second-line treatment, the effectiveness of quadruple and triple regimens is almost similar. The effectiveness of quadruple therapy in the Asian population was found to be slightly higher than that of triple therapy, while this difference was considerably higher in the European population.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, drug resistance, gastritis, bleeding peptic ulcer, randomized clinical trials, quadruple therapy.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Wu C, Chen X, Liu J, Li MY, Zhang ZQ, Wang ZQ. Moxifloxacin-containing triple therapy versus bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2011; 16(2): 131-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00826.x] [PMID: 21435091]
[2]
McColl KEL. Helicobacter pylori Infection. N Engl J Med 2010; 362(17): 1597-604.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp1001110] [PMID: 20427808]
[3]
Ma HJ, Wang JL. Quadruple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19(6): 931-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i6.931] [PMID: 23429422]
[4]
Nagini S. Carcinoma of the stomach: A review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, molecular genetics and chemoprevention. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2012; 4(7): 156-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v4.i7.156] [PMID: 22844547]
[5]
Venerito M, Krieger T, Ecker T, Leandro G, Malfertheiner P. Meta-analysis of bismuth quadruple therapy versus clarithromycin triple therapy for empiric primary treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Digestion 2013; 88(1): 33-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000350719] [PMID: 23880479]
[6]
Lim JH, Lee DH, Choi C. Clinical outcomes of two-week sequential and concomitant therapies for Helicobacter pylori erad- ication: A randomized pilot study. Helicobacter 2013; 18: 180-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12034] [PMID: 23305083]
[7]
Caro SD, Fini L, Daoud Y, et al. Levofloxacin/amoxicillin-based schemes vs quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in second-line. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18(40): 5669-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i40.5669] [PMID: 23155306]
[8]
Mégraud F. H pylori antibiotic resistance: prevalence, importance, and advances in testing. Gut 2004; 53(9): 1374-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2003.022111] [PMID: 15306603]
[9]
Egan BJ, Marzio L, O’Connor H, O’Morain C. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2008; 13(1): 35-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00639.x] [PMID: 18205664]
[10]
Yakoob J, Abid S, Abbas Z, Jafri SNW. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Helicobacter pylori and triple therapy in a high-prevalence area. Br J Biomed Sci 2010; 67(4): 197-201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09674845.2010.11730319] [PMID: 21294447]
[11]
Megraud F, Coenen S, Versporten A, et al. Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe and its relationship to antibiotic consumption. Gut 2013; 62(1): 34-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302254] [PMID: 22580412]
[12]
Megraud F. Helicobacter pylori and antibiotic resistance. Gut 2007; 56(11): 1502.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2007.132514] [PMID: 17938430]
[13]
Demir M, Gokturk HS, Ozturk NA, Serin E, Yilmaz U. Efficacy of two different Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes and the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on dyspeptic symptoms in patients with diabetes: A randomized controlled study. Am J Med Sci 2009; 338(6): 459-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181b5d3cf] [PMID: 19884816]
[14]
Gené E, Calvet X, Azagra R. Triple vs. quadruple therapy for treating Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17(9): 1137-43.
[15]
Laine L, Hunt R, El-Zimaity H, Nguyen B, Osato M, Spénard J. Bismuth-based quadruple therapy using a single capsule of bismuth biskalcitrate, metronidazole, and tetracycline given with omeprazole versus omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients: A prospective, randomized, multicenter, North American trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98(3): 562-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.t01-1-07288.x] [PMID: 12650788]
[16]
Calvet X, Ducons J, Guardiola J, et al. One-week triple vs. quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection - A randomized trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16(7): 1261-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01278.x] [PMID: 12144575]
[17]
Vafaeimanesh J, Rajabzadeh R, Ahmadi A, Moshtaghi M, Banikarim S. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on glycaemia control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comparison of two therapeutic regimens. Arab J Gastroenterol 2013; 14: 55-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajg.2013.03.002] [PMID: 23820501]
[18]
Marin AC, McNicholl AG, Gisbert JP. A review of rescue regimens after clarithromycin-containing triple therapy failure (for Helicobacter pylori eradication). Expert Opin Pharmacother 2013; 14(7): 843-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2013.782286] [PMID: 23537368]
[19]
Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain CA, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection– the Maastricht IV/Florence consensus report. Gut 2012; 61(5): 646-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302084] [PMID: 22491499]
[20]
Fattahi E, Azargoon A, Fakhrju A. 7 and 14 days compared to triple therapy containing clarithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Majallah-i Pizishki-i Urumiyyah 2004; 15(2): 91-85.
[21]
Bahar IA, Nezam SK, Karimi M, Firoozeh K. The comparison of two combination antibiotic [(OAB-T) VS (OAB-F)] regimen trophy in peptic ulcer and dyspepsia patients. TabibShargh Journal 2007; 9(4): e94775.
[22]
Hashemi SM. HaghAzali M, Mirzaii M, Sohrabpour AA. The efficacy of two-week Metronidazole, Amoxicillin-based quadruple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Iranian patients. Iran University of Medical Sciences 2007; 14(54): 203-8.
[23]
Rafii M, Qvjazadh M. Performance comparison of metronidazole and clarithromycin in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in children. Gastroenterology 2008; 13(4): 238-3.
[24]
Khalighi AR, Khalighi MR, Ghasemi SM, Khalighi N. Comparison of the two-drug regimen consisting of amoxicillin and metronidazole, clarithromycin and omeprazole for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad University of Mashhad 2009; 5(4): 245-51.
[25]
Hashemi SJ, Hajiani E, Masjedizadeh A, Shayesteh A. AbooAli A. Comparison of a triple therapy regimen containing ciprofloxacin and low dose furazolidone with conventional quadruple regimen for Helicobacter Pylori eradication. Sci Med J 2010; 8(4): 443-54.
[26]
Francavilla R, Lionetti E, Castellaneta SP, et al. Improved efficacy of 10 Day sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children: A randomized trial. Gastroenterology 2005; 129(5): 1414-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2005.09.007] [PMID: 16285942]
[27]
Lind T, Mégraud F, Unge P, et al. The MACH2 study: Role of omeprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 1-week triple therapies. Gastroenterology 1999; 116(2): 248-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70119-8] [PMID: 9922303]
[28]
Lee JM, Breslin NP, Hyde DK, Buckley MJ, O’Morain CA. Treatment options for Helicobacter pylori infection when proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy fails in clinical practice. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999; 13(4): 489-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00504.x] [PMID: 10215733]
[29]
Gisbert JP, Gisbert JL, Marcos S, Grávalos RG, Carpio D, Pajares JM. Seven-day ‘rescue’ therapy after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure: Omeprazole, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole vs. ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline and metronidazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999; 13(10): 1311-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00615.x] [PMID: 10540045]
[30]
Bilardi C, Dulbecco P, Zentilin P, et al. A 10-day levofloxacin-based therapy in patients with resistant Helicobacter pylori infection: A controlled trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 2(11): 997-1002.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00458-6] [PMID: 15551252]
[31]
Zullo A, Hassan C, De Francesco V, et al. A third-line levofloxacin-based rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Dig Liver Dis 2003; 35(4): 232-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1590-8658(03)00059-8] [PMID: 12801033]
[32]
Zullo A, De Francesco V, Scaccianoce G, et al. Quadruple therapy with lactoferrin for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomised, multicentre study. Dig Liver Dis 2005; 37(7): 496-500.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2005.01.017] [PMID: 15975536]
[33]
Zullo A, De Francesco V, Scaccianoce G, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication with either quadruple regimen with lactoferrin or levofloxacin-based triple therapy: A multicentre study. Dig Liver Dis 2007; 39(9): 806-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2007.05.021] [PMID: 17644057]
[34]
Seyedmajidi S, Mirsattari D, Zojaji H, et al. Penbactam for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomised comparison of quadruple and triple treatment schedules in an Iranian population. Arab J Gastroenterol 2013; 14(1): 1-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajg.2012.12.004] [PMID: 23622801]
[35]
Guo CY, Wu YB, Liu HL, Wu JY, Zhong MZH. Clinical evaluation of four one-week triple therapy regimens in eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10(5): 747-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i5.747] [PMID: 14991953]
[36]
Navarro-Jarabo JM, Fernández N, Sousa FL, et al. Efficacy of rifabutin-based triple therapy as second-line treatment to eradicate helicobacter pylori infection. BMC Gastroenterol 2007; 7(1): 31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-7-31] [PMID: 17651479]
[37]
Wang Z, Wu S. Doxycycline-based quadruple regimen versus routine quadruple regimen for rescue eradication of Helicobacter pylori: An open-label control study in Chinese patients. Singapore Med J 2012; 53(4): 273-6.
[PMID: 22511052]
[38]
Houben M. Efficacy of proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori infected patients with peptic ulcer disease versus functional dyspepsia. The Institutional Repository of the University of Amsterdam (UvA) 2010.
[39]
Aminian K, Farsad F, Ghanbari A, Fakhreih S, Hasheminasab SM. A randomized trial comparing four Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens: Standard triple therapy, ciprofloxacin based triple therapy, quadruple and sequential therapy. Trop Gastroenterol 2010; 31(4): 303-7.
[PMID: 21568147]
[40]
Rinaldi V, Zullo A, Francesco , et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication with proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies and re-treatment with ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999; 13(2): 163-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00462.x] [PMID: 10102945]
[41]
Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Suen R, Wu JCY, Ling TKW, Chung SCS. Salvage therapies after failure of Helicobacter pylori eradication with ranitidine bismuth citrate-based therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14(1): 91-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00674.x] [PMID: 10632651]
[42]
Perri F, Festa V, Clemente R, Quitadamo M, Andriulli A. Rifabutin-based ‘rescue therapy’ for Helicobacter pylori infected patients after failure of standard regimens. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14(3): 311-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00719.x] [PMID: 10735924]
[43]
Michopoulos S, Tsibouris P, Bouzakis H, et al. Randomized study comparing omeprazole with ranitidine as anti-secretory agents combined in quadruple second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14(6): 737-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00761.x] [PMID: 10848657]
[44]
Liu WZ, Xiao SD, Hu PJ, Lu H, Cui Y, Tytgat GNJ. A new quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori using tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate, furazolidone, josamycin and famotidine. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14(11): 1519-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00845.x] [PMID: 11069324]
[45]
Georgopoulos SD, Ladas SD, Karatapanis S, et al. Effectiveness of two quadruple, tetracycline- or clarithromycin-containing, second-line, Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16(3): 569-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01220.x] [PMID: 11876712]
[46]
Isakov V, Domareva I, Koudryavtseva L, Maev I, Ganskaya Z. Furazolidone-based triple ‘rescue therapy’ vs. quadruple ‘rescue therapy’ for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori resistant to metronidazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16(7): 1277-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01299.x] [PMID: 12144577]
[47]
Boixeda D, Bermejo F, Martín-De-Argila C, et al. Efficacy of quadruple therapy with pantoprazole, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole as rescue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16(8): 1457-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01304.x] [PMID: 12182745]
[48]
O’Morain C, Borody T, Farley A, et al. Efficacy and safety of single-triple capsules of bismuth biskalcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline, given with omeprazole, for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori: An international multicentre study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17(3): 415-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01434.x] [PMID: 12562455]
[49]
Wong WM, Gu Q, Lam SK, et al. Randomized controlled study of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy as second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17(4): 553-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01459.x] [PMID: 12622764]
[50]
Chi CH, Lin CY, Sheu BS, Yang HB, Huang AH, Wu JJ. Quadruple therapy containing amoxicillin and tetracycline is an effective regimen to rescue failed triple therapy by overcoming the antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 18(3): 347-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01653.x] [PMID: 12895220]
[51]
Gisbert JP, Fuentes J, Carpio D, et al. 7-day rescue therapy with ranitidine bismuth citrate after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21(10): 1249-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02465.x] [PMID: 15882246]
[52]
Molina-Infante J, Perez-Gallardo B, Fernandez-Bermejo M, et al. Clinical trial: clarithromycin vs. levofloxacin in first-line triple and sequential regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 31(10): 1077-84.
[PMID: 20180787]
[53]
Miehlke S, Schneider Brachert W. One-week once-daily triple therapy with esomeprazole, moxifloxacin, and rifabutin for eradication of persistent helicobacter pylori resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin. Helicobacter 2008; 13: 69-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00588.x] [PMID: 18205669]
[54]
Choi KH, Chung WC, Lee KM, et al. Efficacy of levofloxacin and rifaximin based quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori associated gastroduodenal disease: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26(6): 785-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2011.26.6.785] [PMID: 21655065]
[55]
Kang MS, Park DII, Yun JW, et al. Levofloxacin-azithromycin combined triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Korean J Gastroenterol 2006; 47(1): 30-6.
[PMID: 16434866]
[56]
Jung HS, Shim KN, Baik SJ, et al. Efficacy of levofloxacin-based triple therapy as second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication. Korean J Gastroenterol 2008; 51(5): 285-90.
[PMID: 18516012]
[57]
Blum AL, Talley NJ, O’Moráin C, et al. Lack of effect of treating Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. Omeprazole plus Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin Effect One Year after Treatment (OCAY) Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 339(26): 1875-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199812243392602] [PMID: 9862942]
[58]
van der Hulst RWM, van der Ende A, Homan A, Roorda P, Dankert J, Tytgat GNJ. Influence of metronidazole resistance on efficacy of quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gut 1998; 42(2): 166-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.42.2.166] [PMID: 9536938]
[59]
Gao XZ, Qiao XL, Song W, Wang WF, Liu F. Standard triple, bismuth pectin quadruple and sequential therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16(34): 4357-62.
[60]
Georgopoulos SD, Xirouchakis E, Martinez-Gonzalez B, et al. Clinical evaluation of a ten-day regimen with esomeprazole, metronidazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in a high clarithromycin resistance area. Helicobacter 2013; 18(6): 459-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12062] [PMID: 23714140]
[61]
Calhan T, Kahraman R, Sahin A. Efficacy of two levofloxacin containing second-line therapies for Helicobacter pylori: A pilot study. Helicobacter 2013; 18: 378-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12056] [PMID: 23601026]
[62]
Liao J, Zheng Q, Liang X. Effect of fluoroquinolone resistance on 14-day levofloxacin triple and tripleplus bismuth quadruple therapy. Helicobacter 2013; 18: 373-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12052] [PMID: 23581720]
[63]
Kuo CH, Hsu PI, Kuo FC, et al. Comparison of 10 day bismuth quadruple therapy with high-dose metronidazole or levofloxacin for second-line Helicobacter pylori therapy: A randomized controlled trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68(1): 222-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks361] [PMID: 22984204]
[64]
Tay CY, Windsor HM, Thirriot F, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication in Western Australia using novel quadruple therapy combinations. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36(11-12): 1076-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.12089] [PMID: 23072648]
[65]
Liang J, Li J, Han Y, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication with ecabet sodium, omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin versus bismuth, omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin quadruple therapy: A randomized, open-label, phase IV trial. Helicobacter 2012; 17(6): 458-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2012.00971.x] [PMID: 23066868]
[66]
Delchier JC, Malfertheiner P, Thieroff-Ekerdt R. Use of a combination formulation of bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline with omeprazole as a rescue therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2014; 40(2): 171-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.12808] [PMID: 24863854]
[67]
Molina-Infante J, Pazos-Pacheco C, Vinagre-Rodriguez G, et al. Nonbismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy: Empirical and tailored efficacy versus standard triple therapy for clarithromycin-susceptible Helicobacter pylori and versus sequential therapy for clarithromycin-resistant strains. Helicobacter 2012; 17(4): 269-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2012.00947.x] [PMID: 22759326]
[68]
Manfredi M, Bizzarri B. Helicobacter pylori infection: Sequential therapy followed by Levofloxacin-containing triple therapy provides a good cumulative eradication rate. Helicobacter 2012; 17(4): 246-53.
[69]
Fakheri H, Taghvaei T, Hosseini V, Bari Z. A comparison between sequential therapy and a modified bismuth-based quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Iran: A randomized clinical trial. Helicobacter 2012; 17(1): 43-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00896.x] [PMID: 22221615]
[70]
Gisbert JP, Gisbert JL, Marcos S, Moreno-Otero R, Pajares JM. Levofloxacin vs. ranitidine bismuth citrate-containing therapy after H. pylori treatment failure. Helicobacter 2007; 12(1): 68-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00472.x] [PMID: 17241304]
[71]
Cheon JH, Kim N, Lee DH. Efficacy of Moxifloxacin-based triple therapy as second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2006; 11: 46-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0083-8703.2006.00371.x] [PMID: 16423089]
[72]
Marko D, Calvet X, Ducons J, Guardiola J, Tito L. Bory F and the GRESCA (Group for eradication studies from catalonia and aragón). Comparison of two management strategies for Helicobacter pylori treatment: Clinical study and cost-effectiveness analysis. Helicobacter 2005; 10: 22-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00288.x] [PMID: 15691312]
[73]
Sotudehmanesh R, Malekzadeh R, Fazeli A, Massarrat S, Ziad Alizadeh B, Eshraghian MR. A randomize controlled compari- son of three quadruple therapy regimens in a population with low Helicobacter pylori eradication rates. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16: 264-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02416.x] [PMID: 11339416]
[74]
Paoluzi P, Iacopini F, Crispino P. 2-Week triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection is better than 1-week in clinical practice: A large prospective single-center randomized study. Helicobacter 2006; 11: 562-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2006.00459.x] [PMID: 17083378]
[75]
Subei IM, Cardona HJ, Bachelet E, et al. One week of esomeprazole triple therapy vs 1 week of omeprazole triple therapy plus 3 weeks of omeprazole for duodenal ulcer healding in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52(6): 1505-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-006-9522-5] [PMID: 17464561]
[76]
Gu LY, Lin WW, Lu H, Chen XY, Ge ZZ, Li XB. Quadruple therapy with medications containing either rufloxacin or furazolidone as a rescue regimen in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-infected dyspepsia patients: A randomized pilot study. Helicobacter 2011; 16(4): 284-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00848.x] [PMID: 21762267]
[77]
Kuo CH, Wang SSW, Hsu WH, et al. Rabeprazole can overcome the impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on quadruple therapy. Helicobacter 2010; 15(4): 265-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00761.x] [PMID: 20633187]
[78]
Sun Q, Liang X, Zheng Q, et al. High efficacy of 14-day triple therapy-based, bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for initial Helicobacter pylori eradication. Helicobacter 2010; 15(3): 233-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00758.x] [PMID: 20557366]
[79]
Dehghani SM, Erjaee A, Imanieh MH, Haghighat M. Efficacy of the standard quadruple therapy versus triple therapies containing proton pump inhibitor plus amoxicillin and clarithromycin or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and metronidazole for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children. Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54(8): 1720-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-008-0547-9] [PMID: 19005755]
[80]
Lara LF, Cisneros G, Gurney M, et al. One-day quadruple therapy compared with 7-day triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163(17): 2079-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.163.17.2079] [PMID: 14504122]
[81]
Uygun A, Kadayifci A, Safali M, Ilgan S, Bagci S. The efficacy of bismuth containing quadruple therapy as a first-line treatment option for Helicobacter pylori. J Dig Dis 2007; 8(4): 211-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2980.2007.00308.x] [PMID: 17970879]
[82]
Uygun A, Ozel AM, Yildiz O, et al. Comparison of three different second-line quadruple therapies including bismuth subcitrate in Turkish patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia who failed to eradicate Helicobacter pylori with a 14-day standard first-line therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23(1): 42-5.
[PMID: 17559359]
[83]
Nagahara A, Miwa H, Yamada T, Kurosawa A, Ohkura R, Sato N. Five-day proton pump inhibitor-based quadruple therapy regimen is more effective than 7-day triple therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15(3): 417-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00929.x] [PMID: 11207518]
[84]
Nagahara A, Miwa H, Ogawa K, et al. Addition of metronidazole to rabeprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection provides an excellent cure rate with five-day therapy. Helicobacter 2000; 5(2): 88-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2000.00013.x] [PMID: 10849057]
[85]
Zheng Q, Chen WJ, Lu H, Sun QJ, Xiao SD. Comparison of the efficacy of triple versus quadruple therapy on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and antibiotic resistance. J Dig Dis 2010; 11(5): 313-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2980.2010.00457.x] [PMID: 20883428]
[86]
Antos D, Schneider-Brachert W, Bastlein E, et al. 7-Day triple therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection with levofloxacin, amoxicillin, and high-dose esomeprazole in patients with known antimicrobial sensitivity. Helicobacter 2006; 11: 39-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0083-8703.2006.00375.x] [PMID: 16423088]
[87]
Ang TL, Wang L, Ang D, Chiam P, Fock KM, Teo EK. Is there still a role for empiric first-line triple therapy using proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori infection in Singapore? Results of a time trend analysis. J Dig Dis 2013; 14(2): 100-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12024] [PMID: 23253473]
[88]
Usta Y, Saltik-Temizel IN, Demir H, et al. Comparison of short- and long-term treatment protocols and the results of second-line quad-ruple therapy in children with Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol 2008; 43(6): 429-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00535-008-2187-4] [PMID: 18600386]
[89]
Kang JM, Kim N, Lee DH, et al. Second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection: 10-day moxifloxacin-based triple therapy versus 2-week quadruple therapy. Helicobacter 2007; 12: 623-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00548.x] [PMID: 18001404]
[90]
Francesco Ciccaglione A, Cellini L, Grossi L, Marzio L. Quadruple therapy with moxifloxacin and bismuth for first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18(32): 4386-90.
[91]
Katelaris PH, Adamthwalte D, Midoloa P, Yeomans ND. Randomized trial of omeprazole and metronidazole with amoxicillin or clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori eradication, in a region of high primary metronidazole resistance: the HERO study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14: 751-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00776.x] [PMID: 10848659]
[92]
Laurent J, Graud FM. FleaJoua JF, Caekaert A, BartheaLemy P. A randomized comparison of four omeprazole-based triple therapy regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15: 1787-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01104.x] [PMID: 11683693]
[93]
Mccolin K, Murray L, El-Omar E. Symptomatic benefit from eradicating Helicobacter pylori infectioninpatient. N Engl J Med 2002; 339(26): 1869-74.
[94]
Isomoto H, Inoue K, Furusu H, et al. High-dose rabeprazole-amoxicillin versus rabeprazole-amoxicillin-metronidazole as second-line treatment after failure of the Japanese standard regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 18(1): 101-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01659.x] [PMID: 12848631]
[95]
Ueki N, Miyake K, Kusunoki M, et al. Impact of quadruple regimen of clarithromycin added to metronidazole-containing triple therapy against Helicobacter pylori infection following clarithromycin-containing triple-therapy failure. Helicobacter 2009; 14(2): 91-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00664.x] [PMID: 19298336]
[96]
Rokkas T, Sechopoulos P, Robotis L, Margantinis G, Pistiolas D. Cumulative H. pylori eradication rates in clinical practice by adopting first and second-Line regimens proposed by the maas- tricht III consensus and a third-Line empirical regimen. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 21-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2008.87] [PMID: 19098844]
[97]
Luther J, Higgins PDR, Schoenfeld PS, Moayyedi P, Vakil N, Chey WD. Empiric quadruple vs. triple therapy for primary treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105(1): 65-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2009.508] [PMID: 19755966]
[98]
Zhang G, Zou J, Liu F, et al. The efficacy of moxifloxacin-based triple therapy in treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46(7): 607-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20132817] [PMID: 23903685]
[99]
Essa AS, Kramer JR, Graham DY, Treiber G. Meta-analysis: Four-drug, three-antibiotic, non-bismuth-containing “concomitant therapy” versus triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Helicobacter 2009; 14(2): 109-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00671.x] [PMID: 19298338]
[100]
Calvet X, García N, López T, Gisbert JP, Gené E, Roque M. A meta-analysis of short versus long therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and either metronidazole or amoxycillin for treating Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14(5): 603-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00744.x] [PMID: 10792124]
[101]
Fuccio L, Minardi ME, Zagari RM, Grilli D, Magrini N, Bazzoli F. Meta-analysis: Duration of first-line proton-pump inhibitor based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Ann Intern Med 2007; 147(8): 553-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00008] [PMID: 17938394]
[102]
Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 1996; 17(1): 1-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4] [PMID: 8721797]
[103]
Zagari RM, Bianchi-Porro G, Fiocca R, Gasbarrini G, Roda E, Bazzoli F. Comparison of 1 and 2 weeks of omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication: The Hyper study. Gut 2007; 56(4): 475-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2006.102269] [PMID: 17028126]
[104]
Rimbara E, Fischbach LA, Graham DY. Optimal therapy for Helicobacter pylori infections. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 8(2): 79-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2010.210] [PMID: 21293508]
[105]
Fock KM, Katelaris P, Sugano K, et al. Second Asia-pacific consensus guidelines for Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 24(10): 1587-600.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05982.x] [PMID: 19788600]
[106]
Asaka M, Kato M, Takahashi S, et al. Guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan. Helicobacter 2010; 15(1): 1-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00738.x] [PMID: 20302585]
[107]
Bruce MG, Maaroos HI. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2008; 13(1): 1-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00631.x] [PMID: 18783514]
[108]
Goh KL, Chan WK, Shiota S, Yamaoka Y. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and public health implications. Helicobacter 2011; 16(1): 1-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00874.x] [PMID: 21241406]
[109]
Hori K, Miwa H, Matsumoto T. Efficacy of 2-week, second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy using rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole for the Japanese population. Helicobacter 2011; 16(3): 234-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00842.x] [PMID: 21585610]
[110]
Boyanova L, Mitov I. Geographic map and evolution of primary Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibacterial agents. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2010; 8(1): 59-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/eri.09.113] [PMID: 20014902]
[111]
Padol S, Yuan Y, Thabane M, Padol IT, Hunt RH. The effect of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on H. pylori eradication rate in dual and triple first-line PPI therapies: A meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101(7): 1467-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00717.x] [PMID: 16863547]
[112]
Fischbach L, Evans EL. Meta-analysis: The effect of antibiotic resistance status on the efficacy of triple and quadruple first-line therapies for Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 26(3): 343-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03386.x] [PMID: 17635369]
[113]
Fischbach LA, van Zanten SV, Dickason J. Meta-analysis: The efficacy, adverse events, and adherence related to first-line anti-Helicobacter pylori quadruple therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20(10): 1071-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02248.x] [PMID: 15569109]
[114]
Graham DY, Lu H, Yamaoka Y. A report card to grade Helicobacter pylori therapy. Helicobacter 2007; 12(4): 275-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00518.x] [PMID: 17669098]
[115]
Wenzhen Y, Kehu Y, Bin M, et al. Moxifloxacin-based triple therapy versus clarithromycin-based triple therapy for first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Intern Med 2009; 48(24): 2069-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.48.2344] [PMID: 20009394]
[116]
Graham DY, Lu H, Yamaoka Y. Therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection can be improved: Sequential therapy and beyond. Drugs 2008; 68(6): 725-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200868060-00001] [PMID: 18416582]
[117]
Graham DY, Shiotani A. New concepts of resistance in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 5(6): 321-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1138] [PMID: 18446147]
[118]
Snaith A, El-Omar EM. Helicobacter pylori: Host genetics and disease outcomes. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 2(4): 577-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/17474124.2.4.577] [PMID: 19072405]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
22
2
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy