Generic placeholder image

Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5257
ISSN (Online): 1875-6182

Research Article

Histomorphological Evaluation of Non-Neoplastic Lesions of Uterine Cervix and a Correlation of the Lesion with the Clinical Factors

Author(s): Prem Charles Dhanaraj, Manohar Ulaganathan, Remya Rajan Renuka, Rajesh Pandiyan and Panneerselvam Periasamy*

Volume 21, Issue 1, 2023

Published on: 23 September, 2022

Page: [31 - 41] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1871525720666220603111328

Price: $65

Abstract

Aim: This study investigates the prevalence of non-malignant lesions of the cervix among various biopsy samples.

Methods: This case study consists of 50 cases of cervical biopsy over almost two years. The case history and clinical details of the patients were obtained.

Results: 60% of the cases that participated in this study reported white discharge per vaginum as a common clinical symptom. 4 cases (8%) showed koilocytic changes specific to the human papillomavirus during the study. Only 2% of the non-specific cervicitis showed lymphoid aggregates. Endocervical changes projected papillary endocervicitis with 9 cases (18%), squamous metaplasia with 7 cases (14%), and nabothian follicle cyst with 3 cases (6%).

Conclusion: It has been concluded that 50 cases were studied histologically, which had adequate representation of both ecto and endocervical tissue. Moreover, 31-40 years of age of patients showed the highest percentage of non-neoplastic lesions of the cervix when compared to other age groups.

Keywords: Uterine cervix, biopsy, morphology, clinical data, lesion, cytology.

Graphical Abstract
[1]
Schmidt, C.W. NTP nonneoplastic lesion atlas: A new tool for toxicologic pathology. Environ. Health Perspect., 2014, 122(3), A77-A79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.122-A76]
[2]
Hobbie, K.R.; Dixon, D. Evaluation of cystic endometrial hyperplasia and the normal estrous cycle in longitudinal sections of uterus from female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol. Pathol., 2020, 48(5), 616-632.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623320931768] [PMID: 32539633]
[3]
Bhatla, N.; Berek, J.S.; Cuello Fredes, M.; Denny, L.A.; Grenman, S.; Karunaratne, K.; Kehoe, S.T.; Konishi, I.; Olawaiye, A.B.; Prat, J.; Sankaranarayanan, R.; Brierley, J.; Mutch, D.; Querleu, D.; Cibula, D.; Quinn, M.; Botha, H.; Sigurd, L.; Rice, L.; Ryu, H.S.; Ngan, H.; Mäenpää, J.; Andrijono, A.; Purwoto, G.; Maheshwari, A.; Bafna, U.D.; Plante, M.; Natarajan, J. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet., 2019, 145(1), 129-135.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.12749] [PMID: 30656645]
[4]
Small, W., Jr; Bacon, M.A.; Bajaj, A.; Chuang, L.T.; Fisher, B.J.; Harkenrider, M.M.; Jhingran, A.; Kitchener, H.C.; Mileshkin, L.R.; Viswanathan, A.N.; Gaffney, D.K. Cervical cancer: A global health crisis. Cancer, 2017, 123(13), 2404-2412.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30667] [PMID: 28464289]
[5]
Stumbar, S.E.; Stevens, M.; Feld, Z. Cervical cancer and its precursors: A preventative approach to screening, diagnosis, and management. Prim. Care Clin. Off. Pract., 2019, 46(1), 117-134.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2018.10.011] [PMID: 30704652]
[6]
Gaur, S.S.; Agarwal, P.; Gupta, P.; Prakash, S.; Mishra, T. Histomorphological and sociodemographic profile of lesions of uterine cervix: A study of 279 cases. Int. J. Clin. Diagn. Pathol., 2019, 2(1), 224-227.
[7]
Gupta, N.; Gupta, M.; Khajuria, A.; Mohan, N. Clinico & histomorphological spectrum of lesions of cervix, a one year prospective study in a tertiary care hospital. JMSCR, 2019, 7, 830-837.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i8.141]
[8]
Fischer, A.H.; Jacobson, K.A.; Rose, J.; Zeller, R. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of tissue and cell sections. Cold spring Harb. Protoc.,, 2008, 2008 pdb-prot4986.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot4986]
[9]
Magaki, S.; Hojat, S.A.; Wei, B.; So, A.; Yong, W.H. An introduction to the performance of immunohistochemistry. In: Biobanking; Yong, W., Ed.; Humana Press: New York, NY, 2019; pp. 289-298.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8935-5_25]
[10]
Cardiff, R.D.; Miller, C.H.; Munn, R.J. Manual hematoxylin and eosin staining of mouse tissue sections. Cold Spring Harb. Protoc., 2014, 2014 pdb-prot073411.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot073411]
[11]
Miralpeix, E.; Genovés, J.; Maria Solé-Sedeño, J.; Mancebo, G.; Lloveras, B.; Bellosillo, B.; Alameda, F.; Carreras, R. Usefulness of p16INK4a staining for managing histological high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions. Mod. Pathol., 2017, 30(2), 304-310.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2016.168] [PMID: 27739439]
[12]
Nwachokor, F.N.; Forae, G.C. Morphological spectrum of non-neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix in Warri, South-South, Nigeria. Niger. J. Clin. Pract., 2013, 16(4), 429-432.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.116883] [PMID: 23974733]
[13]
Pallipady, A.; Illanthody, S.; Vaidya, R.; Ahmed, Z.; Suvarna, R.; Metkar, G. A clinico-morphological spectrum of the non-neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix at AJ hospital Mangalore. J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 2011, 5, 546-550.
[14]
Valent, P.; Degenfeld-Schonburg, L.; Sadovnik, I.; Horny, H-P.; Arock, M.; Simon, H-U.; Reiter, A.; Bochner, B.S. Eosinophils and eosinophil-associated disorders: Immunological, clinical, and molecular complexity. Semin. Immunopathol., 2021, 43, 423438.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00281-021-00863-y]
[15]
Lowe, D.; Fletcher, C.D.M. Eosinophilia in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, external genitalia and anus-clinical correlations. Histopathology, 1984, 8(4), 627-632.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1984.tb02375.x] [PMID: 6479905]
[16]
Kalyani, R.; Rajeshwari, G. Significance of mast cells in non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of uterine cervix. Biomed. Res. Ther., 2016, 3, 1-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7603/s40730-016-0003-y]
[17]
Czernobilsky, B.; Zeituni, M.; Lancet, M.; Mazor, B.; Baram, A.; Deligdish, L. The prevalence of cervicitis, reserve cell hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and cervical dysplasia in Jewish women. Obstet. Gynecol., 1977, 49(5), 587-591.
[PMID: 850575]
[18]
Solapurkar, M.L. Histopathology of uterine cervix in malignant and benign lesions. J. Obs. Gynecol. India, 1985, 35, 933-938.
[19]
Chabra, S.S.; Khodankar, S. Necessity of Cervical Biopsy in Cervical Pathology. Indian Pract., 1996, 49, 296-300.
[20]
Bhattacharya, S.; Banerjee, U.; Das, S.; Basu, A.; Sanyal, S.; Sanyal, M.K. Histopathology audit of cervical epithelium in non-neoplastic conditions of cervix. J. Obs. Gynecol. India, 1996, 46, 514-520.
[21]
Rathod, G.; Parmar, P.; Rathod, S.; Parikh, A. Lesions of Cervix-. review, 2014.
[22]
Naik, R.; Pai, M.R.; Poornima Baliga, B.; Nayak, K.S. Shankarnarayana; Dighe, P. Mast cell profile in uterine cervix. Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol., 2004, 47(2), 178-180.
[PMID: 16295462]
[23]
Omoniyi-Esan, O.G.; Osasan, S.A.; Ojo, O.S. Non-neoplastic diseases of the cervix in Nigerians: A histopathological study. Afr. Health Sci., 2006, 6(2), 76-80.
[PMID: 16916295]
[24]
Shieh, W-J.; Zaki, S.R. Advanced pathology techniques for detecting emerging infectious disease pathogens. In: Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology; Tang, Y.W.; Stratton, C., Eds.; Springer: Boston, MA, 2018; pp. 873-890.
[25]
Kazma, J.; Johnson, C.; Jain, N.; Gali, V.L.; Young, K.H.; Jazaeri, A.A. B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in relapse presenting as a cervical mass: A case report and review of literature. Gynecol. Oncol. Rep., 2019, 29, 94-97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2019.08.003] [PMID: 31467959]
[26]
Sherchand, S.P.; Ibana, J.A.; Zea, A.H.; Quayle, A.J.; Aiyar, A. The high-risk human papillomavirus e6 oncogene exacerbates the negative effect of tryptophan starvation on the development of chlamydia trachomatis. PLoS One, 2016, 11(9), e0163174.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163174] [PMID: 27658027]
[27]
Roberts, T.H.; Ng, A.B. Chronic lymphocytic cervicitis: Cytologic and histopathologic manifestations. Acta Cytol., 1975, 19(3), 235-243.
[PMID: 1056676]
[28]
Hare, M.J.; Toone, E.; Taylor-Robinson, D.; Evans, R.T.; Furr, P.M.; Cooper, P.; Oates, J.K. Follicular cervicitis--colposcopic appearances and association with Chlamydia trachomatis. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 1981, 88(2), 174-180.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1981.tb00964.x] [PMID: 6893939]
[29]
Dunlop, E.M.; Garner, A.; Darougar, S.; Treharne, J.D.; Woodland, R.M. Colposcopy, biopsy, and cytology results in women with chlamydial cervicitis. Genitourin. Med., 1989, 65(1), 22-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.65.1.22] [PMID: 2921049]
[30]
Rather, G.R.; Gupta, Y.; Bardhwaj, S. Patterns of lesions in hysterectomy specimens: A prospective study. JK Sci., 2013, 15, 63.
[31]
Okayama, K.; Kimura, H.; Teruya, K.; Ishii, Y.; Fujita, K.; Fujii, M.; Oda, M.; Sasagawa, T.; Okodo, M. Correlation between human papillomavirus codetection profiles and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Japanese women. Microorganisms, 2020, 8(12), 1863.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121863] [PMID: 33255811]
[32]
Basnet, S. KC, S.R.; Geetika, K.C. Uterine cervix-benign histomorphological spectrum. Nepal. Med. J., 2018, 1, 1-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20389]
[33]
Prathima, K.M. Surgical Pathology of the Uterine Cervix in Davangere Doctoral Dissertation, Kuvempu University, 1998.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy