Abstract
Recent evidence highlights an important role of ghrelin in glucose homeostasis. In this review we provide a detailed summary of recent advances in this field. We describe the effects of ghrelin on all aspects of glucose homeostasis including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and insulin stimulated glucose disposal in the peripheral tissues. The existing evidence suggests ghrelin primarily inhibits insulin release from the pancreas and we highlight an important mechanism involving AMPK-UCP2 ATP-stimulated potassium channels and intracellular calcium regulation. Ghrelin increases hepatic glucose production and prevents glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissues, which collectively leads to hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. We discuss the important role ghrelin plays in glucose homeostasis during different metabolic states. During severe calorie restriction, ghrelin increases blood glucose concentrations in order to maintain glucose homeostasis. In diet-induced obesity, ghrelin exacerbates hyperglycemia and promotes a diabetic phenotype.
Keywords: Des-acyl ghrelin, GOAT, Acyl ghrelin, Insulin sensitivity, GOAT, Glucose, Insulin, Pancreas, Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, Hyperglycemia, Hyperglycemia
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title: A Recent Update on the Role of Ghrelin in Glucose Homeostasis
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Dana I. Briggs and Zane B. Andrews
Affiliation:
Keywords: Des-acyl ghrelin, GOAT, Acyl ghrelin, Insulin sensitivity, GOAT, Glucose, Insulin, Pancreas, Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, Hyperglycemia, Hyperglycemia
Abstract: Recent evidence highlights an important role of ghrelin in glucose homeostasis. In this review we provide a detailed summary of recent advances in this field. We describe the effects of ghrelin on all aspects of glucose homeostasis including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and insulin stimulated glucose disposal in the peripheral tissues. The existing evidence suggests ghrelin primarily inhibits insulin release from the pancreas and we highlight an important mechanism involving AMPK-UCP2 ATP-stimulated potassium channels and intracellular calcium regulation. Ghrelin increases hepatic glucose production and prevents glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissues, which collectively leads to hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. We discuss the important role ghrelin plays in glucose homeostasis during different metabolic states. During severe calorie restriction, ghrelin increases blood glucose concentrations in order to maintain glucose homeostasis. In diet-induced obesity, ghrelin exacerbates hyperglycemia and promotes a diabetic phenotype.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
I. Briggs Dana and B. Andrews Zane, A Recent Update on the Role of Ghrelin in Glucose Homeostasis, Current Diabetes Reviews 2011; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339911795843140
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339911795843140 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Post-Translational Control of Sp-Family Transcription Factors
Current Genomics LDH Nanocontainers as Bio-Reservoirs and Drug Delivery Carriers
Recent Patents on Nanotechnology Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Smad Pathway as Drug Targets for Osteoporosis and Cancer Therapy
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Brief Review of Polymorphic Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Japanese Populations: Development of a Higher-Throughput Genotyping Method and Proposed Applications
Drug Metabolism Letters Pleiotropic Effects of Cardioactive Glycosides
Current Medicinal Chemistry Metastatic Cell Dormancy and Re-activation: An Overview on Series of Molecular Events Critical for Cancer Relapse
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacoepigenomics: An Interplay of Epigenetic Modulation of Drug Response and Modulation of the Epigenome by Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Bone Invasive Properties of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Interactions with Alveolar Bone Cells: An In Vitro Study
Current Cancer Drug Targets Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Colorectal Cancer: what is new?
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Regulation and Function of Antimicrobial Peptides in Immunity and Diseases of the Lung
Protein & Peptide Letters Tetracyclic Triterpenoids in Herbal Medicines and their Activities in Diabetes and its Complications
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Strategies and Tools for Enhanced Sensitivity in Routine Biomolecule Analytics
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis A Concise Update on the Relevance of Secretory Phospholipase A2 Group IIA and its Inhibitors with Cancer
Medicinal Chemistry SPECT Radiopharmaceuticals for Dementia
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Pregnane X Receptor and its Potential Role in Drug Resistance in Cancer Treatment
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Childhood Medulloblastoma: Current Therapies, Emerging Molecular Landscape and Newer Therapeutic Insights
Current Neuropharmacology Modulation of Sensitivity to Antitumor Agents by Targeting the MAPK Survival Pathway
Current Pharmaceutical Design Making the Most of Pathological Specimens: Molecular Diagnosis in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin Embedded Tissue
Current Drug Targets Cellular Responses to 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Bone and Cartilage
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) EBI2, GPR18, and GPR17 – Three Structurally Related but Biologically Distinct 7TM Receptors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry